{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416298042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772356.3772414","title":"Photonic Rails in ML Datacenters","display_name":"Photonic Rails in ML Datacenters","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416298042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772356.3772414"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772356.3772414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772356.3772414","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3772356.3772414","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3772356.3772414","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116096404","display_name":"Eric Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0232-9821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Eric Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0232-9821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120406562","display_name":"Chuhan Ouyang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7137-498X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuhan Ouyang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7137-498X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071694147","display_name":"Rachee Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-3026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","display_name":"Cornell University","ror":"https://ror.org/05bnh6r87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachee Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8118-3026","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116096404"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2777,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96164983,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"149","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.303600013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.303600013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.22709999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.12449999898672104,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulation","display_name":"Emulation","score":0.6725000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-reconfiguration","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","score":0.6412000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-switch","display_name":"Optical switch","score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.535099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abstraction","display_name":"Abstraction","score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.454800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-topology","display_name":"Network topology","score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modularity","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","score":0.3937999904155731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149810388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5374873","display_name":"Emulation","level":2,"score":0.6725000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6665999889373779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119701452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165881","display_name":"Control reconfiguration","level":2,"score":0.6412000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101336846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17105111","display_name":"Optical switch","level":2,"score":0.6060000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.535099983215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124304363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q673661","display_name":"Abstraction","level":2,"score":0.5284000039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.454800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199845137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q145490","display_name":"Network topology","level":2,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779478453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6889748","display_name":"Modularity (biology)","level":2,"score":0.3937999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778491294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339824","display_name":"Mindset","level":2,"score":0.365200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74294265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q506273","display_name":"Circuit switching","level":2,"score":0.34549999237060547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.34389999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.334199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.31029999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192126672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068715","display_name":"Telecommunications network","level":2,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113508815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193446","display_name":"Packet switching","level":3,"score":0.2976999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147358964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200992","display_name":"Abstraction layer","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151857401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640621","display_name":"Optical engineering","level":2,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159631557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546066","display_name":"Networking hardware","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22799297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523846","display_name":"Photonic integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70979049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q51831","display_name":"Optical Transport Network","level":5,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779888511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244156","display_name":"Traffic congestion","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772356.3772414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772356.3772414","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3772356.3772414","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772356.3772414","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772356.3772414","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3772356.3772414","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1286236842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1452086972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JUMP 2.0","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","funder_display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1677143136","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317220","funder_display_name":"National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3083819904","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4501827968","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4565140552","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G498139845","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","funder_display_name":"Office of Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5076365615","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317220","funder_display_name":"National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5206177008","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5614806141","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317220","funder_display_name":"National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6348972864","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AC02-05CH11231","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6558272803","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G966855251","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NERSC DDR-ERCAP0032726","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317220","funder_display_name":"National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G969889393","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-AC02-","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306087","display_name":"Semiconductor Research Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/047z4n946"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320317220","display_name":"National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05v3mvq14"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332359","display_name":"Office of Science","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmn6b08"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416298042.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4416298042.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1558115001","https://openalex.org/W2038423000","https://openalex.org/W2074616737","https://openalex.org/W2097926925","https://openalex.org/W2119391823","https://openalex.org/W2119638333","https://openalex.org/W2124700175","https://openalex.org/W2126210439","https://openalex.org/W2157614013","https://openalex.org/W2160054705","https://openalex.org/W2486960733","https://openalex.org/W2743429249","https://openalex.org/W2965775611","https://openalex.org/W3046344355","https://openalex.org/W3081168214","https://openalex.org/W3095648786","https://openalex.org/W4235670058","https://openalex.org/W4290990894","https://openalex.org/W4377082301","https://openalex.org/W4380874786","https://openalex.org/W4386365418","https://openalex.org/W4386768656","https://openalex.org/W4386840193","https://openalex.org/W4388730136","https://openalex.org/W4398796293","https://openalex.org/W4401176521","https://openalex.org/W4401176536","https://openalex.org/W4401176556","https://openalex.org/W4402389838","https://openalex.org/W4404240684"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rail-optimized":[0],"network":[1],"fabrics":[2,125],"have":[3],"become":[4],"the":[5,16,40,70,90,129,139],"de":[6],"facto":[7],"datacenter":[8,124],"scale-out":[9],"fabric":[10],"for":[11],"large-scale":[12],"ML":[13,75],"training.":[14],"However,":[15],"use":[17],"of":[18,39,72,108,142],"high-radix":[19],"electrical":[20,109],"switches":[21,61,111],"to":[22,104,138],"provide":[23],"all-to-all":[24],"connectivity":[25,65],"in":[26,74],"rails":[27],"imposes":[28],"massive":[29],"power,":[30],"cost,":[31],"and":[32],"complexity":[33],"overheads.":[34],"We":[35,80,98],"propose":[36],"a":[37,67,86,100,120,146],"rethinking":[38],"rail":[41,83,110],"abstraction":[42],"by":[43],"retaining":[44],"its":[45],"communication":[46],"semantics,":[47],"but":[48],"realizing":[49],"it":[50],"using":[51,77,112],"optical":[52,60,113],"circuit":[53],"switches.":[54,114],"The":[55],"key":[56],"challenge":[57],"is":[58],"that":[59,88,126],"support":[62],"only":[63],"one-to-one":[64],"at":[66],"time,":[68],"limiting":[69],"fan-out":[71],"traffic":[73,94],"workloads":[76],"hybrid":[78],"parallelisms.":[79,97],"introduce":[81],"parallelism-driven":[82],"reconfiguration":[84],"as":[85,136],"solution":[87],"leverages":[89],"sequential":[91],"ordering":[92],"between":[93],"from":[95],"different":[96],"design":[99],"control":[101],"plane,":[102],"Opus,":[103],"enable":[105],"time-multiplexed":[106],"emulation":[107],"More":[115],"broadly,":[116],"our":[117],"work":[118],"discusses":[119],"new":[121],"research":[122],"agenda:":[123],"co-evolve":[127],"with":[128],"model":[130],"parallelism":[131],"dimensions":[132],"within":[133],"each":[134],"job,":[135],"opposed":[137],"prevailing":[140],"mindset":[141],"reconfiguring":[143],"networks":[144],"before":[145],"job":[147],"begins.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2025-11-17T00:00:00"}
