{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7154169651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539","title":"The Dominance Effect: How Verbal and Nonverbal Cues of Virtual Agents Influence Decision-Making in VR","display_name":"The Dominance Effect: How Verbal and Nonverbal Cues of Virtual Agents Influence Decision-Making in VR","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-04-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7154169651","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772318.3791539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Taeyeon Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6461-4373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeyeon Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea and Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6461-4373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea and Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044723411","display_name":"Hyeongil Nam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-8869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeongil Nam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical & Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6017-8869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical & Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021704002","display_name":"Sunghun Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0987-7190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunghun Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pusan National University, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0987-7190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pusan National University, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117291838","display_name":"Ahmad Fouad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad A Fouad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6433-3320","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120952259","display_name":"Kangsoo Kim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168635309","display_name":"University of Calgary","ror":"https://ror.org/03yjb2x39","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kangsoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0925-378X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Software Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168635309"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121658737","display_name":"Myungho Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4921948","display_name":"Pusan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/01an57a31","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Myungho Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0766-6484","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4921948"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"14"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.817799985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.817799985408783,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.08209999650716782,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.05290000140666962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonverbal-communication","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","score":0.8855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominance","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","score":0.739799976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embodied-cognition","display_name":"Embodied cognition","score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operationalization","display_name":"Operationalization","score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-cue","display_name":"Social cue","score":0.40950000286102295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.8855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.739799976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5884000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.5185999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100609095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335050","display_name":"Embodied cognition","level":2,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9354725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286017","display_name":"Operationalization","level":2,"score":0.4562999904155731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10090317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551030","display_name":"Social cue","level":2,"score":0.40950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129484327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177603","display_name":"Social perception","level":3,"score":0.3515999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191160116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3423709","display_name":"Regulatory focus theory","level":3,"score":0.337799996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.3337000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020237371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9370542","display_name":"Social approval","level":2,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111370547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451120","display_name":"Sensory cue","level":2,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.28780001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195704467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327968","display_name":"Facial expression","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772318.3791539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3772318.3791539","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3772318.3791539","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2026 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4129408001899719,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591256029","https://openalex.org/W1981698053","https://openalex.org/W1990047999","https://openalex.org/W1994660327","https://openalex.org/W1996414399","https://openalex.org/W1998575566","https://openalex.org/W2010007259","https://openalex.org/W2017155005","https://openalex.org/W2026826214","https://openalex.org/W2043458918","https://openalex.org/W2046548416","https://openalex.org/W2094292955","https://openalex.org/W2117373981","https://openalex.org/W2118186561","https://openalex.org/W2128213565","https://openalex.org/W2138017905","https://openalex.org/W2139095040","https://openalex.org/W2141609131","https://openalex.org/W2143056856","https://openalex.org/W2145567010","https://openalex.org/W2153266959","https://openalex.org/W2155479778","https://openalex.org/W2156309292","https://openalex.org/W2156897926","https://openalex.org/W2330011084","https://openalex.org/W2531545329","https://openalex.org/W2580937268","https://openalex.org/W2792520190","https://openalex.org/W2888937791","https://openalex.org/W2896735034","https://openalex.org/W2908220119","https://openalex.org/W2914941609","https://openalex.org/W2940420732","https://openalex.org/W2963825865","https://openalex.org/W2964779990","https://openalex.org/W2990600199","https://openalex.org/W2995827347","https://openalex.org/W3017425310","https://openalex.org/W3094003444","https://openalex.org/W3094574775","https://openalex.org/W3109545866","https://openalex.org/W3111633927","https://openalex.org/W4210997905","https://openalex.org/W4307764969","https://openalex.org/W4311537719","https://openalex.org/W4312223248","https://openalex.org/W4321488472","https://openalex.org/W4366547574","https://openalex.org/W4386200967","https://openalex.org/W4389120557","https://openalex.org/W4391390306","https://openalex.org/W4396827140","https://openalex.org/W4396832915","https://openalex.org/W4408955003","https://openalex.org/W4410086493","https://openalex.org/W4411664537"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Embodied":[0],"Conversational":[1],"Agents":[2],"(ECAs)":[3],"can":[4],"influence":[5,24,77],"users":[6],"through":[7,56],"verbal":[8,19,67,91,125],"and":[9,20,27,92,107,115,126,135,146],"nonverbal":[10,21,80,93,110,127],"social":[11,98,116],"cues.":[12],"Focusing":[13],"on":[14],"dominance,":[15],"we":[16],"examine":[17],"how":[18],"dominance":[22,68,72,81,128],"cues":[23,69,82,94,111,129],"users\u2019":[25],"decision-making":[26],"perceptions":[28],"of":[29,100,124,139],"the":[30,101,121,137],"agent":[31,102],"in":[32,130,133],"VR.":[33],"We":[34],"conducted":[35],"a":[36,40,57,61],"user":[37],"study":[38],"using":[39],"2":[41,47],"(verbal:":[42],"dominant":[43,49],"vs.":[44,50],"submissive)":[45,51],"\u00d7":[46],"(nonverbal:":[48],"full":[52],"factorial":[53],"design,":[54],"operationalized":[55],"route-selection":[58,84],"task":[59],"at":[60],"virtual":[62],"crossroads.":[63],"Results":[64],"indicated":[65],"that":[66],"shaped":[70],"participants\u2019":[71],"perception":[73],"but":[74],"did":[75],"not":[76],"decision-making,":[78],"while":[79],"affected":[83,96],"behavior":[85],"without":[86],"altering":[87],"perceived":[88],"dominance.":[89],"Both":[90],"also":[95],"broader":[97],"evaluations":[99],"(e.g.,":[103],"intelligence,":[104],"competence,":[105],"warmth,":[106],"trustworthiness),":[108],"with":[109],"uniquely":[112],"affecting":[113],"likability":[114],"presence.":[117],"These":[118],"findings":[119],"highlight":[120],"complementary":[122],"roles":[123],"human\u2013agent":[131],"interaction":[132],"VR":[134],"inform":[136],"design":[138],"context-sensitive,":[140],"dominance-calibrated":[141],"ECAs":[142],"for":[143],"training,":[144],"education,":[145],"decision":[147],"support.":[148]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-04-14T00:00:00"}