{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128821198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248","title":"Improving Online Learning: Using Utterance Distribution to Improve Student-Facing Assistants in Discussion Forums","display_name":"Improving Online Learning: Using Utterance Distribution to Improve Student-Facing Assistants in Discussion Forums","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128821198","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125902335","display_name":"Wolfgang Edholm","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wolfgang Edholm","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125985413","display_name":"Justin Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093314031","display_name":"Mihran Miroyan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6338-6671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mihran Miroyan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089380757","display_name":"Chancharik Mitra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9826-7534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chancharik Mitra","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125912644","display_name":"Narges Norouzi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Narges Norouzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5125902335"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8403597,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1313","last_page":"1314"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.6227999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.6227999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10636","display_name":"Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods","score":0.08900000154972076,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.05730000138282776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/utterance","display_name":"Utterance","score":0.9491999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convention","display_name":"Convention","score":0.5266000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.47029998898506165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775852435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258403","display_name":"Utterance","level":2,"score":0.9491999745368958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.560699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.554099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780608745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367293","display_name":"Convention","level":2,"score":0.5266000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.47029998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.41019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.33570000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3172000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.3154999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777248","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777248","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8857023119926453,"display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"advancements":[1],"in":[2,15,65,69,108,115],"large":[3],"language":[4],"models":[5],"(LLMs)":[6],"have":[7],"paved":[8],"the":[9,42,61],"way":[10],"for":[11],"AI":[12,19,76],"educational":[13,77],"assistants":[14,20],"academic":[16],"settings.":[17],"However,":[18],"often":[21],"respond":[22],"differently":[23],"than":[24,37],"TAs,":[25],"providing":[26],"extensive":[27],"explanations":[28],"that":[29,131],"may":[30],"overwhelm":[31],"students":[32,51],"or":[33],"inadvertently":[34],"reveal":[35],"more":[36,90,97,133],"intended.":[38],"This":[39,103],"study":[40],"identifies":[41],"main":[43],"differences":[44,84,107],"between":[45],"TA":[46,66,127],"and":[47,68,99,139],"LLM":[48],"responses":[49,70,130],"to":[50,59,112],"by":[52,72],"using":[53],"a":[54,74],"four-class":[55],"utterance":[56,62,124],"classification":[57],"system":[58],"compare":[60],"distributions":[63,110],"found":[64],"replies":[67],"generated":[71],"Edison,":[73],"state-of-the-art":[75],"assistant.":[78],"Using":[79],"this":[80],"classification,":[81],"striking":[82],"distributional":[83],"are":[85,132],"observed:":[86],"Edison":[87],"produces":[88],"far":[89],"Advance":[91],"utterances,":[92],"whereas":[93],"TAs":[94],"use":[95],"many":[96],"React":[98],"Social":[100],"Convention":[101],"utterances.":[102],"research":[104],"examines":[105],"how":[106],"these":[109],"relate":[111],"response":[113],"quality":[114],"student\u2013TA":[116],"interactions.":[117],"Through":[118],"prompt":[119],"engineering,":[120],"we":[121],"align":[122],"Edison's":[123],"distribution":[125],"with":[126],"patterns,":[128],"producing":[129],"concise,":[134],"directly":[135],"address":[136],"student":[137],"questions,":[138],"avoid":[140],"unnecessary":[141],"elaboration.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-23T20:09:44.859080","created_date":"2026-02-14T00:00:00"}
