{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128784948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104","title":"Envisioning CS1 and CS2: The Future of Introductory Problem Solving and Programming","display_name":"Envisioning CS1 and CS2: The Future of Introductory Problem Solving and Programming","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128784948","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077217800","display_name":"Gerald C. Gannod","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1008-7931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gerald Gannod","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125933301","display_name":"David P. Bunde","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42387498","display_name":"Knox College","ror":"https://ror.org/04hfkdb50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42387498"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. Bunde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knox College, Galesburg, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knox College, Galesburg, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42387498"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027974062","display_name":"April R. Crockett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1050-1557"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63920570","display_name":"Tennessee Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/05drmrq39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"April Renee Crockett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, TN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016176451","display_name":"Alan Sussman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1672-2879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alan Sussman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019829974","display_name":"Sushil K. Prasad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2028-0703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sushil Prasad","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069608160","display_name":"Charles Weems","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8535-0258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Weems","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066929188","display_name":"Ramachandran Vaidyanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9883-1077"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I121820613","display_name":"Louisiana State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ect4e57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ramachandran Vaidyanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I121820613"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083319931","display_name":"Suzanne J. Matthews","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-2240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192545095","display_name":"United States Military Academy","ror":"https://ror.org/01jepya76","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304082316","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I192545095","https://openalex.org/I4210088792"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Suzanne Matthews","raw_affiliation_strings":["West Point, West Point, NY, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"West Point, West Point, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192545095"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017333566","display_name":"Jaime Spacco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-0754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I42387498","display_name":"Knox College","ror":"https://ror.org/04hfkdb50","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I42387498"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaime Spacco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Knox College, Galesburg, IL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Knox College, Galesburg, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I42387498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077217800"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63920570"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.36738288,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1698","last_page":"1698"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9204000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9204000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14411","display_name":"Undergraduate Neuroscience Education and Research","score":0.0052999998442828655,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14079","display_name":"Mathematics Education and Programs","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brainstorming","display_name":"Brainstorming","score":0.6053000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformational-leadership","display_name":"Transformational leadership","score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/realisation","display_name":"Realisation","score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-thinking","display_name":"Computational thinking","score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/promotion","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ask-price","display_name":"Ask price","score":0.3319000005722046}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7260000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150672426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191183","display_name":"Brainstorming","level":2,"score":0.6053000092506409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38775462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1569376","display_name":"Transformational leadership","level":2,"score":0.5040000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.4198000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779462738","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146409","display_name":"Realisation","level":2,"score":0.4131999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780368719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157342","display_name":"Computational thinking","level":2,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3804999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98147612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215599","display_name":"Promotion (chess)","level":3,"score":0.3465000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90329073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q914232","display_name":"Ask price","level":2,"score":0.3319000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.32670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779955035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4686785","display_name":"Advice (programming)","level":2,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.29840001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606712","display_name":"Transition (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.28540000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34165917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188267","display_name":"Programming paradigm","level":2,"score":0.265500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.26170000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70587473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834111","display_name":"Transformative learning","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3770761.3777104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3770761.3777104","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 57th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education V.2","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.720425546169281,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Computer":[0],"Science":[1],"education,":[2],"and":[3,65,72,95,104,116,141,160],"all":[4],"education":[5],"for":[6,63,102,155],"that":[7,136,145],"matter,":[8],"is":[9],"being":[10],"disrupted":[11],"by":[12],"Generative":[13],"AI.":[14],"While":[15],"there":[16],"have":[17,31],"been":[18],"few":[19],"truly":[20],"transformational":[21],"technologies":[22],"similar":[23],"to":[24,43,58,98,139],"AI,":[25],"other":[26],"incremental":[27],"but":[28],"impactful":[29],"advances":[30],"helped":[32],"shape":[33],"the":[34,41,47,56,67,73,87,157,164],"computing":[35,51,106],"ecosystem.":[36],"Other":[37],"recent":[38],"examples":[39],"include":[40],"transition":[42],"multicore":[44],"systems":[45],"(requiring":[46],"promotion":[48],"of":[49,69,75,81,128],"parallel":[50],"from":[52],"an":[53],"elective":[54],"topic),":[55],"shift":[57],"graphical":[59],"interfaces":[60],"(raising":[61],"expectations":[62],"assignments":[64],"motivating":[66],"creation":[68],"Media":[70],"Computation),":[71],"emergence":[74],"object-oriented":[76],"programming.":[77],"In":[78],"this":[79],"Birds":[80],"a":[82,126],"Feather":[83],"Session,":[84],"we":[85,91],"ask":[86],"question":[88],"''How":[89],"might":[90],"redesign":[92],"our":[93],"CS1":[94,159],"CS2":[96,161],"courses":[97,162],"better":[99],"prepare":[100],"students":[101],"emerging":[103],"future":[105,130],"paradigms":[107,131,149],"while":[108],"maintaining":[109],"strong":[110],"foundations":[111],"in":[112],"problem":[113],"solving,":[114],"programming,":[115],"computational":[117],"thinking?''":[118],"Using":[119],"collaborative":[120],"brainstorming":[121],"techniques,":[122],"participants":[123],"will":[124],"create":[125],"list":[127],"potential":[129],"(either":[132],"disruptive":[133],"or":[134],"incremental)":[135],"are":[137],"relevant":[138],"CS1/CS2,":[140],"develop":[142],"proposed":[143],"roadmaps":[144],"identify":[146],"how":[147],"those":[148],"can":[150],"be":[151],"leveraged":[152],"as":[153],"contexts":[154],"teaching":[156],"existing":[158],"within":[163],"CS2023":[165],"curriculum.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-14T00:00:00"}
