{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415965994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011","title":"Gender Differences in the Pathway from Application through Graduation in a Computer Science Major","display_name":"Gender Differences in the Pathway from Application through Graduation in a Computer Science Major","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415965994","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072350564","display_name":"Jelena Trajkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-205X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59897056","display_name":"California State University, Long Beach","ror":"https://ror.org/0080fxk18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Trajkovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5361-205X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025315055","display_name":"Anna E. Bargagliotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5977-3051"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35566140","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Bargagliotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5977-3051","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044335565","display_name":"Christine Alvarado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1182-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christine Alvarado","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1182-1069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056936053","display_name":"Cassandra M. Guarino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-9678"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cassandra Guarino","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-9678","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078158412","display_name":"Robert Rovetti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-9617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35566140","display_name":"Loyola Marymount University","ror":"https://ror.org/00xhj8c72","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Rovetti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-9617","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35566140"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yiwang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-2649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103635307","display_name":"University of California, Riverside","ror":"https://ror.org/03nawhv43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiwang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0930-2649","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103635307"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072350564"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59897056"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.34185028,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.8271999955177307,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.8271999955177307,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10726","display_name":"Career Development and Diversity","score":0.07209999859333038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.07010000199079514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graduation","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","score":0.8884999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-gap","display_name":"Gender gap","score":0.7186999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demographics","display_name":"Demographics","score":0.7103999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.46650001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/descriptive-statistics","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-disparity","display_name":"Gender disparity","score":0.3294000029563904}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2632744","display_name":"Graduation (instrument)","level":2,"score":0.8884999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986619947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30103150","display_name":"Gender gap","level":2,"score":0.7186999917030334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780084366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demographics","level":2,"score":0.7103999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.46650001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39896193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380344","display_name":"Descriptive statistics","level":2,"score":0.46050000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4472000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4399999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992626547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11491601","display_name":"Gender disparity","level":2,"score":0.3294000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152877465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208042","display_name":"Regression analysis","level":2,"score":0.3091000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781215313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493345","display_name":"SPARK (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.2865000069141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142853389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q744778","display_name":"Association (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776762731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113616","display_name":"Women in science","level":2,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.2637999951839447}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769994.3770011","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769994.3770011","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2847794312","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2031911, 2031920, 2031907, and 2031942","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1970027675","https://openalex.org/W1990998995","https://openalex.org/W2004560768","https://openalex.org/W2016226370","https://openalex.org/W2017753702","https://openalex.org/W2026130258","https://openalex.org/W2026820948","https://openalex.org/W2037014183","https://openalex.org/W2047558204","https://openalex.org/W2057834187","https://openalex.org/W2071031078","https://openalex.org/W2078768266","https://openalex.org/W2091899682","https://openalex.org/W2101870306","https://openalex.org/W2126512988","https://openalex.org/W2130337868","https://openalex.org/W2135547938","https://openalex.org/W2142139649","https://openalex.org/W2153845057","https://openalex.org/W2162497013","https://openalex.org/W2172053595","https://openalex.org/W2326435217","https://openalex.org/W2517830973","https://openalex.org/W2591916552","https://openalex.org/W2614250878","https://openalex.org/W2620807345","https://openalex.org/W2646870050","https://openalex.org/W2755282745","https://openalex.org/W2772961573","https://openalex.org/W2802819175","https://openalex.org/W2808994744","https://openalex.org/W2882978239","https://openalex.org/W2911534755","https://openalex.org/W2963214038","https://openalex.org/W2966086133","https://openalex.org/W2997443510","https://openalex.org/W3000157545","https://openalex.org/W3006952330","https://openalex.org/W3009228731","https://openalex.org/W3009676362","https://openalex.org/W3010523390","https://openalex.org/W3014997701","https://openalex.org/W3033410568","https://openalex.org/W3039518923","https://openalex.org/W3080642709","https://openalex.org/W3119288284","https://openalex.org/W3135298572","https://openalex.org/W3195710064","https://openalex.org/W3195797676","https://openalex.org/W3207744527","https://openalex.org/W3215065680","https://openalex.org/W4206162062","https://openalex.org/W4241031203","https://openalex.org/W4244087262","https://openalex.org/W4249505232","https://openalex.org/W4281649802","https://openalex.org/W4289731625","https://openalex.org/W4292808503","https://openalex.org/W4323033877","https://openalex.org/W4323034193","https://openalex.org/W4366434753","https://openalex.org/W4390105680","https://openalex.org/W4390315886","https://openalex.org/W4392167198","https://openalex.org/W4392545192","https://openalex.org/W4392564557","https://openalex.org/W4392564759","https://openalex.org/W4404326897","https://openalex.org/W4407681731","https://openalex.org/W4407771274"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"is":[1,14,171],"well-established":[2],"that":[3,31],"women":[4,44,58,71,164],"are":[5],"underrepresented":[6],"in":[7,77,159],"computer":[8],"science":[9],"(CS)":[10],"education,":[11],"but":[12,123],"less":[13],"known":[15],"about":[16],"their":[17],"representation":[18],"at":[19,111,117],"key":[20],"university":[21],"stages\u2014application,":[22],"admission,":[23,118],"and":[24,45,59,72,92,103,119,178],"retention":[25,121],"through":[26],"graduation.":[27],"This":[28],"study":[29],"addresses":[30],"gap":[32],"by":[33,129],"investigating":[34],"three":[35],"research":[36],"questions:":[37],"(1)":[38],"How":[39,53,66],"do":[40,54,67],"the":[41,55,68,112,154,160,175],"distributions":[42,56,69],"of":[43,57,70,83],"men":[46,60,73],"who":[47],"apply":[48,95,166],"to":[49,62,75,156,165,167,182,189],"CS":[50,63,78,169,183],"differ?":[51,64,79],"(2)":[52],"admitted":[61],"(3)":[65],"retained":[74],"graduation":[76],"Using":[80],"ten":[81],"years":[82],"data":[84],"from":[85],"four":[86],"U.S.":[87],"institutions":[88,147],"with":[89,136],"varied":[90],"demographics":[91],"characteristics,":[93],"we":[94],"a":[96],"data-intensive":[97],"approach":[98],"combining":[99],"descriptive":[100],"statistics,":[101],"visualizations,":[102],"regression":[104],"modeling.":[105],"Our":[106,151],"findings":[107],"reveal":[108],"gender":[109,142,176],"imbalances":[110],"application":[113],"stage,":[114],"partial":[115],"mitigation":[116],"similar":[120],"rates":[122],"different":[124],"outcomes":[125],"for":[126,173],"non-retained":[127],"students":[128],"gender.":[130],"We":[131],"also":[132],"find":[133],"institutional":[134],"differences,":[135],"more":[137,163],"competitive":[138],"schools":[139],"showing":[140],"larger":[141],"gaps,":[143],"while":[144],"smaller":[145,149],"private":[146],"show":[148],"disparities.":[150],"results":[152],"underscore":[153],"need":[155],"focus":[157],"earlier":[158],"pathways.":[161],"Attracting":[162],"college":[168],"programs":[170],"essential":[172],"narrowing":[174],"gap,":[177],"high":[179],"school":[180],"exposure":[181],"alone":[184],"might":[185],"not":[186],"be":[187],"enough":[188],"spark":[190],"sustained":[191],"early":[192],"interest.":[193]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-11-06T00:00:00"}