{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7123417787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254","title":"You Take the High Road, and I\u2019ll Take the Low Road","display_name":"You Take the High Road, and I\u2019ll Take the Low Road","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7123417787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769126.3769254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070211029","display_name":"Thiago Raulino Dal Pont","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-5505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thiago Dal Pont","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alma Mater Research Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7837-5505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alma Mater Research Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018090388","display_name":"Galileo Sartor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-851X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Galileo Sartor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Legal Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6355-851X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Legal Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063413613","display_name":"Adam Wyner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-3428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adam Wyner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2958-3428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122954352","display_name":"Giovanni Sartor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39586589","display_name":"Swansea University","ror":"https://ror.org/053fq8t95","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["GB","IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Sartor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Legal Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2210-0398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Legal Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39586589"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"337","last_page":"347"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.24230000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.24230000376701355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11099","display_name":"Autonomous Vehicle Technology and Safety","score":0.20900000631809235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.1378999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpretability","display_name":"Interpretability","score":0.804099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executable","display_name":"Executable","score":0.7235999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transparency","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781067378","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027399","display_name":"Interpretability","level":2,"score":0.804099977016449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160145156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778586","display_name":"Executable","level":2,"score":0.7235999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5031999945640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535347","display_name":"Transparency (behavior)","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.4018999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186644900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194152","display_name":"Parsing","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.33469998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177688676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449106","display_name":"Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Business Rules","level":5,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986065213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q743861","display_name":"Implicit knowledge","level":2,"score":0.2992999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161301231","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3478658","display_name":"Knowledge representation and reasoning","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111498074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173326","display_name":"Formal verification","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150569060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32110","display_name":"XSLT","level":3,"score":0.26669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.25369998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769126.3769254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1052397","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3769126.3769254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3769126.3769254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3769126.3769254","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5292333960533142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G662456162","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"833647","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1739836513","https://openalex.org/W2048600620","https://openalex.org/W2135380458","https://openalex.org/W2255059519","https://openalex.org/W2399112119","https://openalex.org/W2403804881","https://openalex.org/W2752286137","https://openalex.org/W2983885744","https://openalex.org/W3173358868","https://openalex.org/W3190892098","https://openalex.org/W4242985057","https://openalex.org/W4285813063","https://openalex.org/W4297311245","https://openalex.org/W4386687409","https://openalex.org/W4386951765","https://openalex.org/W4399856170","https://openalex.org/W4400646406","https://openalex.org/W4400694722","https://openalex.org/W4400810536","https://openalex.org/W4404239715"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"must":[3],"comply":[4],"with":[5],"regulatory":[6],"frameworks":[7],"to":[8,56,80,100],"ensure":[9,57],"road":[10],"safety":[11],"and":[12,36,76,133,154],"predictability.":[13],"Current":[14],"proposed":[15],"AV":[16],"systems":[17],"predominantly":[18],"rely":[19],"on":[20],"machine":[21],"learning":[22],"models":[23],"that":[24,47],"lack":[25],"explicit,":[26],"computable":[27,128],"representations":[28],"of":[29,104,122,135],"traffic":[30,82,158],"laws,":[31],"raising":[32],"concerns":[33],"about":[34],"accountability":[35],"robustness":[37],"in":[38,52,156],"complex":[39],"scenarios.":[40,159],"This":[41],"study":[42],"proposes":[43],"a":[44,88,113,126],"novel":[45],"pipeline":[46,94],"embeds":[48],"formal":[49],"logic":[50],"rules":[51,83],"the":[53,62,102,120,131,136],"autonomous":[54],"agent":[55],"legal":[58,106,123],"compliance.":[59],"To":[60],"address":[61],"knowledge":[63],"acquisition":[64],"bottleneck,":[65],"we":[66],"propose":[67],"using":[68],"Large":[69],"Language":[70],"Models":[71],"(LLMs),":[72],"robust":[73],"prompt":[74],"engineering,":[75],"Logical":[77],"English":[78],"(LE)":[79],"translate":[81],"from":[84],"natural":[85],"language":[86],"into":[87,112,125],"human-readable,":[89],"executable":[90],"rule-based":[91],"framework.":[92],"The":[93,141],"includes":[95],"an":[96],"error":[97,142],"correction":[98,143],"phase":[99,144],"refine":[101],"process":[103],"extracting":[105],"rules,":[107],"which":[108],"are":[109],"then":[110],"integrated":[111],"simulation":[114],"environment.":[115],"Our":[116],"approach":[117],"successfully":[118],"performed":[119],"translation":[121],"text":[124],"structured,":[127],"format,":[129],"improving":[130],"transparency":[132],"interpretability":[134],"high":[137],"level":[138],"decision":[139],"making.":[140],"improves":[145],"rule":[146,152],"accuracy,":[147],"while":[148],"simulations":[149],"further":[150],"validate":[151],"compliance":[153],"performance":[155],"dynamic":[157]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2026-01-14T00:00:00"}
