{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414276976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768152","title":"Joint Service Migration and Resource Allocation for DNN Tasks using SA\u2010DDQN\u2010DDPG in Vehicular Edge Computing","display_name":"Joint Service Migration and Resource Allocation for DNN Tasks using SA\u2010DDQN\u2010DDPG in Vehicular Edge Computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414276976","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768152"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3768152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100388485","display_name":"Chunlin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-6065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunlin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China and State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System, Beijing, China","Wuhan University of Technology, China and State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8338-6065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China and State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, China and State Key Lab of Intelligent Transportation System, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404251","display_name":"Zihao Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6171-4637"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zihao Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Wuhan University of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6171-4637","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112260837","display_name":"Bingxin Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bingxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Wuhan University of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3631-5720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mengchao Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8384-8842"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengchao Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Wuhan University of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8384-8842","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115593440","display_name":"Sen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9194-0150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196699116","display_name":"Wuhan University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03fe7t173","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","Wuhan University of Technology, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9194-0150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan University of Technology, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196699116"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050406419","display_name":"Aoyong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-5881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1282462722","display_name":"United States Department of Transportation","ror":"https://ror.org/02xfw2e90","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1282462722"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aoyong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China","The School of Transportation Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System, Beihang University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8032-5881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The School of Transportation Science and Engineering and the State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Transportation System, Beihang University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1282462722"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003203521","display_name":"Shaohua Wan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-9081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150229711","display_name":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04qr3zq92","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaohua Wan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China","University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-9081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150229711"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8166,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91908041,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.7071999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5895000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-device","display_name":"Edge device","score":0.49149999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/markov-decision-process","display_name":"Markov decision process","score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.4043000042438507}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.896399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.7071999907493591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5895000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5339000225067139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.49149999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.48019999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.47200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.4058000147342682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.4043000042438507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139502532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122090","display_name":"Computational intelligence","level":2,"score":0.3725999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56086750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6042592","display_name":"Integer programming","level":2,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.33500000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.329800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.3253999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.31189998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.30959999561309814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46637626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6693015","display_name":"Low latency (capital markets)","level":2,"score":0.289900004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2773999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127964446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1092142","display_name":"Computational resource","level":3,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.2678000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.25929999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159886148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176645","display_name":"Markov process","level":2,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3768152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768152","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2492086750","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","issn_l":"2157-6904","issn":["2157-6904","2157-6912"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5090016960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62372344, No. 62171330, No. 62172438","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8410148204","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB3308701","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W3033105525","https://openalex.org/W3033138855","https://openalex.org/W3080441795","https://openalex.org/W3082278499","https://openalex.org/W3088599578","https://openalex.org/W3131852646","https://openalex.org/W3132848370","https://openalex.org/W3161037238","https://openalex.org/W3161503345","https://openalex.org/W3175796458","https://openalex.org/W3177525997","https://openalex.org/W3209573752","https://openalex.org/W4200608372","https://openalex.org/W4205274477","https://openalex.org/W4226038290","https://openalex.org/W4232435178","https://openalex.org/W4235330955","https://openalex.org/W4242038831","https://openalex.org/W4285028943","https://openalex.org/W4285179741","https://openalex.org/W4285678623","https://openalex.org/W4296706044","https://openalex.org/W4303614303","https://openalex.org/W4310461163","https://openalex.org/W4312251382","https://openalex.org/W4312326088","https://openalex.org/W4312550876","https://openalex.org/W4360995171","https://openalex.org/W4365799945","https://openalex.org/W4385059315","https://openalex.org/W4390204407","https://openalex.org/W4390781217","https://openalex.org/W4391070648","https://openalex.org/W4391741899","https://openalex.org/W4399426461","https://openalex.org/W4402216176","https://openalex.org/W4402570183","https://openalex.org/W4406158010","https://openalex.org/W4407566270","https://openalex.org/W4408794557","https://openalex.org/W4409062322"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,13,20,28,53,65,71,81,87,89,100,121,173,191,202],"rapid":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,15,30,39,48,55,67,74,84,92,103],"vehicular":[5],"edge":[6,17,75,94,134],"computing":[7,49],"(VEC)":[8],"and":[9,70,115,133,150,179,221,227],"artificial":[10],"intelligence":[11,18,25],"(AI),":[12],"emergence":[14],"vehicle":[16,24,93],"meets":[19],"need":[21],"for":[22,52,112],"real-time":[23],"applications.":[26],"But":[27],"execution":[29,54],"deep":[31,177,180],"neural":[32],"networks":[33],"(DNNs)":[34],"requires":[35],"a":[36,45,61,108,143,167],"large":[37,46],"amount":[38,47],"data":[40],"input,":[41],"which":[42,138],"results":[43,97,199],"in":[44,86,209],"resources":[50],"required":[51],"DNN":[56,68],"tasks.":[57],"This":[58,126],"also":[59],"brings":[60],"certain":[62],"burden":[63],"to":[64,80,141,186,189],"deployment":[66],"tasks":[69],"resource":[72,116,136],"allocation":[73,117],"servers.":[76],"In":[77],"addition,":[78],"due":[79],"high":[82],"mobility":[83],"vehicles":[85],"VEC,":[88],"backhaul":[90],"delay":[91],"intelligent":[95],"task":[96,123],"increases,":[98],"affecting":[99],"vehicle\u2019s":[101],"quality":[102],"experience":[104],"(QoE).":[105],"We":[106],"propose":[107,166],"joint":[109],"optimization":[110],"strategy":[111,127],"service":[113,130,168,194],"migration":[114,131,169,195,214],"aimed":[118],"at":[119],"minimizing":[120],"average":[122,213],"completion":[124],"delay.":[125],"comprehensively":[128],"considers":[129],"actions":[132],"server":[135],"allocation,":[137],"is":[139,216],"proved":[140],"be":[142],"mixed":[144],"integer":[145],"nonlinear":[146],"programming":[147],"(MINLP)":[148],"problem,":[149,164],"hence":[151],"we":[152,165],"formulate":[153],"it":[154,188],"as":[155],"an":[156],"Markov":[157],"decision":[158],"process":[159],"(MDP).":[160],"To":[161],"solve":[162,187],"this":[163],"algorithm":[170,184,205],"based":[171],"on":[172],"self-attention":[174],"mechanism-based":[175],"double":[176],"Q-network":[178],"deterministic":[181],"policy":[182],"gradient":[183],"(SA-DDQN-DDPG)":[185],"obtain":[190],"optimal":[192],"system":[193],"strategy.":[196],"The":[197,212],"experimental":[198],"show":[200],"that":[201],"proposed":[203],"SA-DDQN-DDPG":[204],"has":[206],"good":[207],"performance":[208],"reducing":[210],"latency.":[211],"latency":[215],"reduced":[217],"by":[218],"40.41%,":[219],"20.7%,":[220],"14.50%":[222],"compared":[223],"with":[224],"always,":[225],"DQN":[226],"DDQN,":[228],"respectively.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
