{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417200381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765612.3767202","title":"Comorbidity Extraction for In-Hospital Mortality Analysis: a Comparison of Regular Expressions and Large Language Models","display_name":"Comorbidity Extraction for In-Hospital Mortality Analysis: a Comparison of Regular Expressions and Large Language Models","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417200381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765612.3767202"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3765612.3767202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765612.3767202","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3765612.3767202","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3765612.3767202","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117248436","display_name":"Ayca Begum Tascioglu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9087-2807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ayca Begum Tascioglu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9087-2807","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020277007","display_name":"Flavio Bertini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6925-5712"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124601658","display_name":"University of Parma","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7wn190","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Flavio Bertini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6925-5712","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematical, Physical and Computer Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124601658"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120743273","display_name":"Laura Pistore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0411-1303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166234","display_name":"Research Centre for Cereal and Industrial Crops","ror":"https://ror.org/05sn5d694","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125105","https://openalex.org/I4210166234"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Pistore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial ICT Research, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0411-1303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial ICT Research, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166234","https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066149679","display_name":"Andrea Fabbri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-4638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107542","display_name":"Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale Della Romagna","ror":"https://ror.org/01rqq3d62","country_code":"IT","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107542"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Fabbri","raw_affiliation_strings":["AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, RA, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9837-4638","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, RA, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059792053","display_name":"Danilo Montesi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-6867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Montesi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4748-6867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":18.9412,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99066874,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.3490000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11095","display_name":"Emergency and Acute Care Studies","score":0.3490000069141388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.16830000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12246","display_name":"Chronic Disease Management Strategies","score":0.15839999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comorbidity","display_name":"Comorbidity","score":0.8478000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department","display_name":"Emergency department","score":0.5565000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medline","display_name":"MEDLINE","score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis-code","display_name":"Diagnosis code","score":0.3400999903678894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.8478000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6121000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780724011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1295316","display_name":"Emergency department","level":2,"score":0.5565000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4016999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45827449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270338","display_name":"Diagnosis code","level":3,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466982","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5227287","display_name":"Data extraction","level":3,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195910791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324077","display_name":"Medical record","level":2,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194828623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2861470","display_name":"Emergency medicine","level":1,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778358025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4309761","display_name":"Mews","level":3,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988170871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11000047","display_name":"Healthcare system","level":3,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145642194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870895","display_name":"Health informatics","level":3,"score":0.2567000091075897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3765612.3767202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765612.3767202","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3765612.3767202","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1034771","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3765612.3767202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3765612.3767202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765612.3767202","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3765612.3767202","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th ACM International Conference on Bioinformatics, Computational Biology, and Health Informatics","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2896685211","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FIN-RER 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326075","funder_display_name":"Regione Emilia-Romagna"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326075","display_name":"Regione Emilia-Romagna","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417200381.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4417200381.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1605275764","https://openalex.org/W1674618911","https://openalex.org/W2000445173","https://openalex.org/W2122156369","https://openalex.org/W2140452679","https://openalex.org/W2146089916","https://openalex.org/W2147674071","https://openalex.org/W2482205476","https://openalex.org/W2769851464","https://openalex.org/W3039825433","https://openalex.org/W3040217049","https://openalex.org/W4200067686","https://openalex.org/W4205130418","https://openalex.org/W4313545686","https://openalex.org/W4366498198","https://openalex.org/W4388410339","https://openalex.org/W4388997009","https://openalex.org/W4392209068","https://openalex.org/W4399854326","https://openalex.org/W4406015091","https://openalex.org/W4406071436"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Limited":[0],"hospital":[1],"resources":[2],"may":[3],"prolong":[4],"patient":[5],"stays":[6,26,114],"in":[7,51,99,134],"the":[8,19,92,110,121,129,164],"Emergency":[9,23],"Department":[10,24],"(ED),":[11],"potentially":[12],"affecting":[13],"clinical":[14,35,49,79],"outcomes.":[15],"This":[16,87],"paper":[17],"investigates":[18],"link":[20],"between":[21,137],"overnight":[22,113],"(ED)":[25],"and":[27,47,65,105,118,139,156,159],"in-hospital":[28,116],"mortality,":[29],"focusing":[30],"on":[31,115,149],"co-morbidity":[32],"extraction":[33],"from":[34],"records.":[36],"In":[37],"Italian":[38],"healthcare":[39],"records,":[40],"comorbidities":[41],"are":[42],"typically":[43],"documented":[44],"using":[45,143],"abbreviations":[46],"non-standard":[48],"slang":[50],"unstructured":[52],"free-text":[53],"fields.":[54],"We":[55],"evaluated":[56],"two":[57],"approaches":[58],"for":[59],"comorbidity":[60],"extraction:":[61],"a":[62,66,75],"rule-based":[63,93],"method":[64],"Large":[67,96],"Language":[68,97],"Model":[69],"approach.":[70],"Both":[71],"were":[72,141],"assessed":[73],"against":[74],"dataset":[76],"of":[77,101,112],"200":[78],"records":[80],"manually":[81],"annotated":[82],"by":[83],"emergency":[84],"medical":[85],"staff.":[86],"first":[88],"result":[89],"showed":[90],"that":[91],"strategy":[94],"outperformed":[95],"Models":[98],"terms":[100],"recall,":[102],"F1-score,":[103],"consistency,":[104],"reliability.":[106],"Then,":[107],"to":[108,119],"assess":[109],"impact":[111],"mortality":[117],"identify":[120],"most":[122,165],"significant":[123],"predictors,":[124],"126,696":[125],"ED":[126],"admissions":[127],"at":[128],"Romagna":[130],"Local":[131],"Health":[132],"Agency":[133],"Forl\u00ec,":[135],"Italy,":[136],"2017":[138],"2022":[140],"analysed":[142],"several":[144],"models,":[145],"with":[146],"particular":[147],"emphasis":[148],"interpretability.":[150],"Comorbidity":[151],"burden,":[152],"diagnosis":[153],"severity,":[154],"age,":[155],"infectious,":[157],"respiratory,":[158],"circulatory":[160],"diseases":[161],"emerged":[162],"as":[163],"influential":[166],"factors.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-12-10T00:00:00"}