{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7108453294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3763319","title":"Control Operators for Interactive Character Animation","display_name":"Control Operators for Interactive Character Animation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7108453294","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3763319"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3763319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3763319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ruiyu Gou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9851-8501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155212","display_name":"Electronic Product Services (Czechia)","ror":"https://ror.org/055nq3844","country_code":"CZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155212"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ruiyu Gou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epic Games, Vancouver, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epic Games, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155212"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michiel van de Panne","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-3672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michiel van de Panne","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Daniel Holden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6085-4364"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155212","display_name":"Electronic Product Services (Czechia)","ror":"https://ror.org/055nq3844","country_code":"CZ","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155212"]}],"countries":["CZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Holden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Epic Games, Montreal, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Epic Games, Montreal, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155212"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155212"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59376111,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"44","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12290","display_name":"Human Motion and Animation","score":0.9882000088691711,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10719","display_name":"3D Shape Modeling and Analysis","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11574","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Games","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/animation","display_name":"Animation","score":0.6786999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character-animation","display_name":"Character animation","score":0.6398000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.6080999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/character","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joystick","display_name":"Joystick","score":0.5616999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5583999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.4578999876976013}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502989409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11425","display_name":"Animation","level":2,"score":0.6786999702453613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90697248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062896","display_name":"Character animation","level":4,"score":0.6398000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.6080999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780861071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062934","display_name":"Character (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5922999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96439379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178805","display_name":"Joystick","level":2,"score":0.5616999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5583999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5134999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.48339998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4702000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44710944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1813564","display_name":"Skeletal animation","level":5,"score":0.4399000108242035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104114177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79782","display_name":"Motion (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4390999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145565327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852514","display_name":"Motion control","level":3,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.3693000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69369342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401416","display_name":"Computer animation","level":3,"score":0.3603000044822693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.352400004863739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121449826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864114","display_name":"Input device","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.30799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138591656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5157538","display_name":"Computer facial animation","level":4,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86297840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6045397","display_name":"Interactive design","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124527596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17029359","display_name":"Hierarchical control system","level":3,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77660652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150971","display_name":"Computer graphics","level":2,"score":0.26100000739097595}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3763319","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3763319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S185367456","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","issn_l":"0730-0301","issn":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Graphics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4011683464050293,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":72,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W17979976","https://openalex.org/W1967554269","https://openalex.org/W1970797733","https://openalex.org/W1985059397","https://openalex.org/W2004167999","https://openalex.org/W2027247754","https://openalex.org/W2045459928","https://openalex.org/W2111237478","https://openalex.org/W2124609748","https://openalex.org/W2144231991","https://openalex.org/W2151857564","https://openalex.org/W2475210682","https://openalex.org/W2611706523","https://openalex.org/W2726809079","https://openalex.org/W2739232183","https://openalex.org/W2739330054","https://openalex.org/W2742105895","https://openalex.org/W2801567109","https://openalex.org/W2811441028","https://openalex.org/W2902757548","https://openalex.org/W2957323419","https://openalex.org/W2971625077","https://openalex.org/W2984579799","https://openalex.org/W2986708244","https://openalex.org/W3021055704","https://openalex.org/W3048539707","https://openalex.org/W3048550213","https://openalex.org/W3048659003","https://openalex.org/W3048665613","https://openalex.org/W3147968035","https://openalex.org/W3184783479","https://openalex.org/W4200488825","https://openalex.org/W4200526174","https://openalex.org/W4221160193","https://openalex.org/W4233266252","https://openalex.org/W4248876013","https://openalex.org/W4286484892","https://openalex.org/W4286611287","https://openalex.org/W4286611302","https://openalex.org/W4300892751","https://openalex.org/W4306177961","https://openalex.org/W4307175575","https://openalex.org/W4310997803","https://openalex.org/W4312635677","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4320085220","https://openalex.org/W4368755539","https://openalex.org/W4375870100","https://openalex.org/W4376864774","https://openalex.org/W4377010269","https://openalex.org/W4380353783","https://openalex.org/W4385271020","https://openalex.org/W4385283834","https://openalex.org/W4385284180","https://openalex.org/W4385374424","https://openalex.org/W4386212320","https://openalex.org/W4386942321","https://openalex.org/W4387323309","https://openalex.org/W4388157614","https://openalex.org/W4388994451","https://openalex.org/W4388994500","https://openalex.org/W4389339407","https://openalex.org/W4390897256","https://openalex.org/W4396788058","https://openalex.org/W4400573522","https://openalex.org/W4400581049","https://openalex.org/W4400582082","https://openalex.org/W4400819370","https://openalex.org/W4400839976","https://openalex.org/W4403842319","https://openalex.org/W4403924791","https://openalex.org/W4415800779"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Neural-network-based":[0],"character":[1,75,140],"controllers":[2,141],"are":[3],"increasingly":[4],"common":[5],"and":[6,21,42,65,96,116,128,147,170],"capable.":[7],"However,":[8],"the":[9,24,70,80,156,174],"integration":[10],"of":[11,73,86,150,168,176],"desired":[12],"control":[13,71,81,108,129],"inputs":[14,32],"such":[15],"as":[16],"joystick":[17],"movement,":[18],"motion":[19],"paths,":[20],"objects":[22],"in":[23,110],"environment,":[25],"remains":[26],"challenging.":[27],"This":[28,45],"is":[29,114],"because":[30],"these":[31,47],"often":[33],"require":[34],"custom":[35],"feature":[36],"engineering,":[37],"specific":[38],"neural":[39,99],"network":[40,100],"architectures,":[41],"training":[43],"procedures.":[44],"renders":[46],"methods":[48],"largely":[49],"inaccessible":[50],"to":[51,106,121],"non-technical":[52,104],"designers.":[53],"To":[54],"address":[55],"this":[56],"challenge,":[57],"we":[58,102],"introduce":[59],"Control":[60],"Operators":[61],",":[62],"a":[63,84,91,97,111,143,148,159],"powerful":[64],"flexible":[66],"framework":[67],"for":[68,94],"specifying":[69],"mechanisms":[72,109],"interactive":[74,139],"controllers.":[76],"By":[77],"breaking":[78],"down":[79],"problem":[82],"into":[83],"set":[85],"simple":[87],"operators,":[88],"each":[89],"with":[90,135,165],"semantic":[92],"meaning":[93],"designers,":[95],"corresponding":[98],"structure,":[101],"allow":[103],"users":[105],"design":[107],"way":[112],"that":[113,124],"intuitive":[115],"can":[117],"be":[118],"composed":[119],"together":[120],"train":[122],"models":[123],"have":[125],"multiple":[126],"skills":[127],"modes.":[130],"We":[131,154],"demonstrate":[132],"their":[133],"potential":[134],"two":[136],"current":[137],"state-of-the-art":[138],"-":[142],"Flow-Matching-based":[144],"auto-regressive":[145],"model,":[146],"variation":[149],"Learned":[151],"Motion":[152],"Matching.":[153],"validate":[155],"approach":[157],"via":[158],"user":[160],"study":[161],"wherein":[162],"industry":[163],"practitioners":[164],"varying":[166],"degrees":[167],"ML":[169],"technical":[171],"expertise":[172],"explore":[173],"use":[175],"our":[177],"system.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-05T23:21:25.405358","created_date":"2025-12-04T00:00:00"}