{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413761355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651","title":"LazyTick: Lazy and Efficient Management of Job Release in Real-Time Operating Systems","display_name":"LazyTick: Lazy and Efficient Management of Job Release in Real-Time Operating Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413761355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3762651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3762651","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3762651","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119452581","display_name":"Kay Heider","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kay Heider","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, TU Dortmund University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, TU Dortmund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026855001","display_name":"Christian Hakert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9992-9415"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Hakert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science, TU Dortmund University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science, TU Dortmund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040715141","display_name":"Kuan-Hsun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7110-921X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kuan-Hsun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, University of Twente"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Twente","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000417436","display_name":"Jian-Jia Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8114-9760"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200332995","display_name":"TU Dortmund University","ror":"https://ror.org/01k97gp34","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Jia Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Informatik, TU Dortmund University"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Informatik, TU Dortmund University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5119452581"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200332995"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23420266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"24","issue":"5s","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5334729552268982}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5334729552268982}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3762651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3762651","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/52273452-f903-43f6-894f-0d35d9172ed6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/52273452-f903-43f6-894f-0d35d9172ed6","pdf_url":"https://ris.utwente.nl/ws/files/508607375/3762651.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Heider, K, Hakert, C, Chen, K-H & Chen, J-J 2025, 'LazyTick : Lazy and Efficient Management of Job Release in Real-Time Operating Systems', ACM transactions on embedded computing systems, vol. 24, no. 5, 142, pp. 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3762651","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3762651","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3762651","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S136160450","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","issn_l":"1539-9087","issn":["1539-9087","1558-3465"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4104976561","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"405422836","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6743243744","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"unknown","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7078833613","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"502308721","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G762232396","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Project","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8154952240","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"502384507","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318428","display_name":"Max Planck Institute for Software Systems","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413761355.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4413761355.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1591946588","https://openalex.org/W2102391914","https://openalex.org/W2124678127","https://openalex.org/W2129861363","https://openalex.org/W2143508547","https://openalex.org/W2154030053","https://openalex.org/W2156979918","https://openalex.org/W2161972434","https://openalex.org/W2167463579","https://openalex.org/W2168413716","https://openalex.org/W2169086742","https://openalex.org/W2533716739","https://openalex.org/W2622262331","https://openalex.org/W2767582137","https://openalex.org/W3032648109","https://openalex.org/W3211676493","https://openalex.org/W4243281099","https://openalex.org/W4324374905","https://openalex.org/W6925714978"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Releasing":[0],"jobs":[1,41],"and":[2,165,180,202,218,242,272],"performing":[3],"scheduling":[4],"decisions":[5],"in":[6,89,98,169,216,232,240,247,270],"real-time":[7],"operating":[8],"systems":[9],"(RTOSes)":[10],"is":[11,36,53,101,109,262],"often":[12],"realized":[13],"within":[14],"tick":[15,19,96,141],"interrupts.":[16],"In":[17],"each":[18],"interrupt,":[20],"a":[21,50,56,104,116,135,158],"set":[22,52,179],"of":[23,72,167,257],"tasks":[24],"that":[25,42,108,226],"are":[26],"waiting":[27,34,51],"to":[28,38,84,111,121,236,249,266],"release":[29,63,124,192,260],"new":[30],"jobs,":[31],"namely,":[32],"the":[33,40,62,70,79,90,95,122,147,150,177,182,210,230,250,254,258],"set,":[35,81],"inspected":[37],"determine":[39],"should":[43],"be":[44,66,85,138,144],"released":[45],"at":[46,132,157],"this":[47,170],"tick.":[48],"Such":[49],"sorted":[54],"whenever":[55],"job":[57,136,191,259],"has":[58,83],"finished,":[59],"by":[60,103,234,264],"which":[61,82,175],"process":[64,261],"can":[65,74,228],"efficiently":[67],"achieved.":[68],"However,":[69],"overhead":[71,233,256],"sorting":[73],"vary":[75],"vastly":[76],"depending":[77],"on":[78,245,275],"task":[80,178,200,206],"taken":[86],"into":[87],"account":[88],"worst-case":[91],"timing":[92],"analysis.":[93],"Moreover,":[94],"interrupt":[97,134],"common":[99],"practices":[100],"backed":[102],"single":[105],"hardware":[106,214],"timer":[107],"configured":[110],"trigger":[112],"interrupts,":[113],"either":[114],"with":[115,194],"fixed":[117],"period":[118],"or":[119],"reconfigured":[120],"next":[123],"time":[125],"(so-called":[126],"one-shot":[127,148],"timer).":[128],"Since":[129],"not":[130],"necessarily":[131],"every":[133],"will":[137],"released,":[139],"several":[140],"interrupts":[142],"might":[143],"redundant.":[145],"For":[146],"timers,":[149],"reconfiguration":[151],"during":[152],"runtime":[153],"also":[154],"incurs":[155],"overheads":[156],"variable":[159],"interval.":[160],"To":[161],"reduce":[162,229],"such":[163],"variability":[164,231],"amount":[166],"overhead,":[168],"work,":[171],"we":[172,188],"propose":[173,189],"LazyTick":[174,227],"partitions":[176],"distributes":[181],"subsets":[183],"over":[184],"multiple":[185,213],"timers.":[186],"Specifically,":[187],"two":[190],"procedures":[193],"constant":[195],"operations":[196],"overhead\u2014one":[197],"for":[198,204,212],"harmonic":[199],"sets":[201],"one":[203],"non-harmonic":[205],"sets.":[207],"We":[208],"implemented":[209],"support":[211],"timers":[215],"FreeRTOS":[217],"conducted":[219],"intensive":[220],"experimental":[221],"evaluations.":[222],"The":[223],"evaluation":[224],"shows":[225],"up":[235,265],"\u2248":[237,243,267,273],"5":[238],"\u00d7":[239,269],"peak":[241,271],"3\u00d7":[244],"average":[246],"comparison":[248],"default":[251],"implementation.":[252],"Additionally,":[253],"combined":[255],"reduced":[263],"6.1":[268],"3.6\u00d7":[274],"average.":[276]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}