{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415250962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656","title":"Searching for Affirmation: How Partisan Audiences on Google Search Induce an Abortion-Related Filter Bubble Effect","display_name":"Searching for Affirmation: How Partisan Audiences on Google Search Induce an Abortion-Related Filter Bubble Effect","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415250962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3757656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009442562","display_name":"Hussam Habib","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-6864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hussam Habib","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9142-6864","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041258656","display_name":"Ryan Stoldt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-0936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87213936","display_name":"Drake University","ror":"https://ror.org/001skmk61","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87213936"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Stoldt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1827-0936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Drake University, Des Moines, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87213936"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025873464","display_name":"Andrew C. High","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew High","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9397-6875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069228581","display_name":"Brian Ekdale","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-0895"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Ekdale","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, Iowa CIty, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6203-0895","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, Iowa CIty, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031532045","display_name":"Ashley Peterson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-6638"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashley Peterson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-6638","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000288414","display_name":"Katy Biddle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-1846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katy Biddle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1158-1846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093744056","display_name":"Javie Ssozi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Javie Ssozi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6558-1167","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046944830","display_name":"Rishab Nithyanand","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-1353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rishab Nithyanand","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1280-1353","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5009442562"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.31243973,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"1","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10557","display_name":"Social Media and Politics","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3315","display_name":"Communication"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9934999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principle-of-legality","display_name":"Principle of legality","score":0.8648999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.6482999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.621399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vocabulary","display_name":"Vocabulary","score":0.4618000090122223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42027317","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307054","display_name":"Principle of legality","level":2,"score":0.8648999929428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6482999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.621399998664856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.5734999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5174999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4934000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.4821000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6499736","display_name":"Vocabulary","level":2,"score":0.4618000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.40639999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3840000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3776000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776636917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3772297","display_name":"Information seeking","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.30070000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.296099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.27079999446868896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37202355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7188071","display_name":"Phrase search","level":5,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14838553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7441639","display_name":"Search analytics","level":4,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3757656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3757656","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757656","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G983059108","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"#9550-20-1-0346","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","funder_display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338279","display_name":"Air Force Office of Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/011e9bt93"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105812634","https://openalex.org/W945858692","https://openalex.org/W1583059097","https://openalex.org/W1686065478","https://openalex.org/W1901133729","https://openalex.org/W1976532848","https://openalex.org/W1991606755","https://openalex.org/W1994084213","https://openalex.org/W1995560574","https://openalex.org/W2032843080","https://openalex.org/W2038411619","https://openalex.org/W2048437343","https://openalex.org/W2095655043","https://openalex.org/W2099865247","https://openalex.org/W2104217798","https://openalex.org/W2124370113","https://openalex.org/W2140910804","https://openalex.org/W2163179583","https://openalex.org/W2166155258","https://openalex.org/W2169227786","https://openalex.org/W2345368148","https://openalex.org/W2404908135","https://openalex.org/W2405458868","https://openalex.org/W2757894486","https://openalex.org/W2772479222","https://openalex.org/W2774114807","https://openalex.org/W2786236138","https://openalex.org/W2791466567","https://openalex.org/W2792307011","https://openalex.org/W2796133875","https://openalex.org/W2893425640","https://openalex.org/W2898883664","https://openalex.org/W2900099998","https://openalex.org/W2903353271","https://openalex.org/W2912265160","https://openalex.org/W2936695845","https://openalex.org/W2954277578","https://openalex.org/W2963205619","https://openalex.org/W2972901607","https://openalex.org/W3035238981","https://openalex.org/W3104758113","https://openalex.org/W3109094627","https://openalex.org/W3137675001","https://openalex.org/W3157033458","https://openalex.org/W3161738805","https://openalex.org/W3203198245","https://openalex.org/W3208950119","https://openalex.org/W4212911710","https://openalex.org/W4239736211","https://openalex.org/W4248112467","https://openalex.org/W4250304879","https://openalex.org/W4250661996","https://openalex.org/W4285038382","https://openalex.org/W4300539796","https://openalex.org/W4304172300","https://openalex.org/W4312820073","https://openalex.org/W4372331757","https://openalex.org/W4377941795","https://openalex.org/W4380607948","https://openalex.org/W4382983122","https://openalex.org/W4385298751","https://openalex.org/W4386276968","https://openalex.org/W4389331683","https://openalex.org/W4391156274","https://openalex.org/W4391773993","https://openalex.org/W4391799277","https://openalex.org/W4392663600","https://openalex.org/W4399205452"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"evolution":[1],"of":[2,34,49,66],"information-seeking":[3,41,60,176],"processes,":[4],"driven":[5],"by":[6],"search":[7,82,90,109,129,162],"engines":[8],"like":[9],"Google,":[10],"has":[11,103],"reshaped":[12],"how":[13,23,161],"people":[14],"access":[15],"and":[16,59,154],"interact":[17],"with":[18,39,76,133],"information.":[19],"This":[20],"paper":[21],"examines":[22],"individuals'":[24],"pre-existing":[25,135],"attitudes":[26,79],"on":[27,63,107],"polarizing":[28],"topics,":[29],"such":[30,164],"as":[31,165],"the":[32,64,85,108,123,174],"legality":[33,65],"abortion,":[35,67],"influence":[36],"their":[37],"engagement":[38],"modern":[40,175],"processes.":[42,156],"Recruiting":[43],"participants":[44],"from":[45,122],"an":[46],"undergraduate":[47],"population":[48],"a":[50,54,104,146,170],"university":[51],"we":[52],"use":[53],"mixed-methods":[55],"study":[56],"involving":[57],"surveys":[58],"tasks":[61],"focused":[62],"this":[68,98,112],"work":[69],"offers":[70],"five":[71],"key":[72],"insights.":[73],"First,":[74],"individuals":[75],"opposing":[77,95],"abortion-related":[78],"receive":[80],"different":[81],"results.":[83,110],"Second,":[84],"vocabulary":[86,102],"used":[87],"when":[88,118],"formulated":[89],"queries":[91],"differs":[92],"significantly":[93],"across":[94],"attitudes.":[96,140],"Third,":[97],"difference":[99],"in":[100,173],"query":[101],"significant":[105],"effect":[106,113],"Fourth,":[111],"remains":[114],"consistent,":[115],"though":[116],"reduced,":[117],"personalization":[119],"is":[120],"removed":[121],"process.":[124],"Finally,":[125],"Google":[126,166],"Search":[127],"returns":[128],"results":[130],"that":[131],"align":[132],"users'":[134],"attitudes,":[136],"thereby":[137],"reinforcing":[138],"those":[139],"Taken":[141],"together,":[142],"these":[143],"findings":[144,159],"reveal":[145],"critical":[147],"relationship":[148],"between":[149],"human":[150],"biases,":[151],"partisan":[152],"audiences,":[153],"algorithmic":[155],"Specifically,":[157],"our":[158],"underscore":[160],"platforms":[163],"Search,":[167],"which":[168],"play":[169],"crucial":[171],"role":[172],"process,":[177],"contribute":[178],"to":[179],"information":[180],"polarization.":[181]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}