{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415250333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757503","title":"Safeguarding Crowdsourcing Surveys from ChatGPT through Prompt Injection","display_name":"Safeguarding Crowdsourcing Surveys from ChatGPT through Prompt Injection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415250333","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3757503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018329592","display_name":"Chaofan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-6582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I146620803","display_name":"Wenzhou University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hxh324","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I146620803"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["CN","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaofan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8213-6582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874","https://openalex.org/I146620803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011017886","display_name":"Samuel Kernan Freire","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-0585"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930713850","display_name":"The Hague University of Applied Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/021zvq422","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930713850"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Kernan Freire","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, Netherlands and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8684-0585","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hague University of Applied Sciences, The Hague, Netherlands and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874","https://openalex.org/I930713850"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027999136","display_name":"Mo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-9088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12870472","display_name":"Birmingham City University","ror":"https://ror.org/00t67pt25","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12870472"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79619799","display_name":"University of Birmingham","ror":"https://ror.org/03angcq70","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79619799"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7302-9088","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia and University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79619799","https://openalex.org/I12870472"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063918307","display_name":"Jing Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-8607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8522-8607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023644163","display_name":"Jorge Gon\u00e7alves","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-0322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Goncalves","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0117-0322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015873569","display_name":"Vassilis Kostakos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-6038"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vassilis Kostakos","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2804-6038","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028101938","display_name":"Alessandro Bozzon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-2913"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Bozzon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-2913","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021983040","display_name":"Evangelos Niforatos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0484-4214"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Evangelos Niforatos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0484-4214","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.28875498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"7","first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crowdsourcing","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","score":0.9641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safeguarding","display_name":"Safeguarding","score":0.7757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5475000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.5202000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.5097000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4244000017642975}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62230096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275969","display_name":"Crowdsourcing","level":2,"score":0.9641000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776743756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5097921","display_name":"Safeguarding","level":2,"score":0.7757999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6592000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.555400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5475000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5202000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5097000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.43689998984336853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.4361000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4244000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168065819","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845566","display_name":"Debugging","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3757503","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3757503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1750831793","https://openalex.org/W2106822551","https://openalex.org/W2117412631","https://openalex.org/W2574988924","https://openalex.org/W2603418839","https://openalex.org/W2748982708","https://openalex.org/W3095319910","https://openalex.org/W4237732124","https://openalex.org/W4287854436","https://openalex.org/W4317840265","https://openalex.org/W4319985185","https://openalex.org/W4366549000","https://openalex.org/W4380985699","https://openalex.org/W4382652828","https://openalex.org/W4383751019","https://openalex.org/W4388892785","https://openalex.org/W4389519553","https://openalex.org/W4396232287","https://openalex.org/W4407004351"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ChatGPT":[0],"and":[1,96,98],"other":[2],"large":[3],"language":[4],"models":[5],"(LLMs)":[6],"have":[7,28],"proven":[8],"useful":[9],"in":[10,134],"crowdsourcing":[11,54],"tasks,":[12],"where":[13],"they":[14,26],"can":[15,39,78,102],"effectively":[16],"annotate":[17],"machine":[18],"learning":[19],"training":[20],"data.":[21],"However,":[22],"this":[23,57],"means":[24],"that":[25,51,77,100,136],"also":[27,113],"the":[29,47],"potential":[30],"for":[31],"misuse,":[32],"specifically":[33],"to":[34,63,67,118,125],"automatically":[35],"answer":[36],"surveys.":[37,55,68],"LLMs":[38,80],"potentially":[40],"circumvent":[41],"quality":[42],"assurance":[43],"measures,":[44],"thereby":[45],"threatening":[46],"integrity":[48],"of":[49,92],"methodologies":[50,138],"rely":[52],"on":[53],"In":[56],"paper,":[58],"we":[59],"propose":[60],"a":[61,90,132],"mechanism":[62,70],"detect":[64,104,126],"LLM-generated":[65,105],"responses":[66,106],"The":[69],"uses":[71],"''prompt":[72],"injection,''":[73],"such":[74],"as":[75],"directions":[76],"mislead":[79],"into":[81],"giving":[82],"predictable":[83],"responses.":[84,128],"We":[85,112],"evaluate":[86],"our":[87,123],"technique":[88,124],"against":[89],"range":[91],"question":[93],"scenarios,":[94],"types,":[95],"positions,":[97],"find":[99],"it":[101],"reliably":[103],"with":[107],"more":[108],"than":[109],"98%":[110],"effectiveness.":[111],"provide":[114],"an":[115],"open-source":[116],"software":[117],"help":[119],"survey":[120,137],"designers":[121],"use":[122],"LLM":[127],"Our":[129],"work":[130],"is":[131],"step":[133],"ensuring":[135],"remain":[139],"rigorous":[140],"vis-a-vis":[141],"LLMs.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}
