{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417025431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3756884.3766057","title":"Enhancing the Audience Experience for VR and AR Theatre with AI-generated Subtitles","display_name":"Enhancing the Audience Experience for VR and AR Theatre with AI-generated Subtitles","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417025431","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3756884.3766057"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3756884.3766057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3756884.3766057","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 31st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036884686","display_name":"Irene Viola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-2665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Irene Viola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-2665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028867106","display_name":"Moonisa Ahsan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0688-3919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moonisa Ahsan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0688-3919","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011030474","display_name":"Olga Chatzifoti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-9991"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162098","display_name":"Athens Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05eqt7s39","country_code":"GR","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162098"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olga Chatzifoti","raw_affiliation_strings":["NKUA, Athens, Greece and Maggioli Group, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-9991","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NKUA, Athens, Greece and Maggioli Group, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162098"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120688070","display_name":"Atanas Yonkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7510-0969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atanas Yonkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7510-0969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120714125","display_name":"Eleni Oikonomou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5731-8258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72702400","display_name":"Athens State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx16v02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72702400"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eleni Oikonomou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athens-Epidaurus Festival, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5731-8258","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athens-Epidaurus Festival, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72702400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114944868","display_name":"Ioannis Radin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5574-895X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72702400","display_name":"Athens State University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx16v02","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72702400"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Radin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Athens-Epidaurus Festival, Athens, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5574-895X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Athens-Epidaurus Festival, Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72702400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120714126","display_name":"Pawe\u0142 M\u0105ka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-0826"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pawe\u0142 M\u0105ka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7515-0826","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078022416","display_name":"Abderrahmane Issam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8079-8208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","display_name":"Maastricht University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jz4aj89","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abderrahmane Issam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8079-8208","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024676475","display_name":"Pablo C\u00e9sar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-6837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Cesar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands and TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-6837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Amsterdam, Netherlands and TU Delft, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036884686"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43476225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.07670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13310","display_name":"Subtitles and Audiovisual Media","score":0.07670000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14155","display_name":"Advanced Technology in Applications","score":0.05660000070929527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10709","display_name":"Social Robot Interaction and HRI","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/audience-participation","display_name":"Audience participation","score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject","display_name":"Subject (documents)","score":0.24660000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.43790000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.42739999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.3635999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910908958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211198","display_name":"Audience participation","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.24660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.24400000274181366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.24089999496936798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.23180000483989716}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3756884.3766057","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3756884.3766057","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 31st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl:openaire_cris_publications/e573d106-bf44-469c-af20-88fa54a174d4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/en/publications/e573d106-bf44-469c-af20-88fa54a174d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402616","display_name":"Research Publications (Maastricht University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I34352273","host_organization_name":"Maastricht University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I34352273"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Viola, I, Ahsan, M, Chatzifoti, O, Yonkov, A, Oikonomou, E, Radin, I, Maka, P, Issam, A & Cesar, P 2025, Enhancing the Audience Experience for VR and AR Theatre with AI-generated Subtitles. in A U Batmaz, M D Barrera Machuca, F R Ortega, D Zielasko, K Kim, R Skarbez, L Plabst, A Banic & M S Stroppa (eds), Proceedings VRST 2025 - 31st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology. vol. Part of 215351, 71, Association for Computing Machinery, Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, VRST, no. 71, vol. Part of 215351, 31st ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology, VRST 2025, Montreal, Canada, 12/11/25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3756884.3766057","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4566741368","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101070521","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338444","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Digital, Industry and Space"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338444","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Digital, Industry and Space","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W83615669","https://openalex.org/W1588331535","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2032191478","https://openalex.org/W2042531738","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2096970262","https://openalex.org/W2117948609","https://openalex.org/W2151905266","https://openalex.org/W2250342921","https://openalex.org/W2611826103","https://openalex.org/W2795581336","https://openalex.org/W2807784258","https://openalex.org/W2810212368","https://openalex.org/W2900951404","https://openalex.org/W2909344922","https://openalex.org/W2979826702","https://openalex.org/W2998055196","https://openalex.org/W3023376328","https://openalex.org/W3083684688","https://openalex.org/W3109944758","https://openalex.org/W3157866176","https://openalex.org/W3203279312","https://openalex.org/W4205571019","https://openalex.org/W4205767812","https://openalex.org/W4223445410","https://openalex.org/W4307535169","https://openalex.org/W4309505470","https://openalex.org/W4322750231","https://openalex.org/W4323767371","https://openalex.org/W4323971267","https://openalex.org/W4367662669","https://openalex.org/W4389520027","https://openalex.org/W4391855109","https://openalex.org/W4404835265","https://openalex.org/W4409761447"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"technological":[1],"developments":[2],"on":[3],"AI":[4,96],"and":[5,18,40,57,66,86,102,107,116,130,159],"immersive":[6],"media":[7],"are":[8],"transforming":[9],"the":[10,70,92,112,137,144],"artistic":[11],"landscape,":[12],"providing":[13],"novel":[14],"mechanisms":[15],"for":[16,61,156],"artists":[17],"audiences.":[19],"Following":[20],"a":[21,26,44,59,82],"human-centric":[22],"approach,":[23],"together":[24],"with":[25,133],"theatre":[27,46,89,151],"company":[28],"in":[29,43,64,72,81,104,125],"Greece,":[30],"this":[31],"paper":[32],"investigates":[33],"how":[34],"subtitle":[35,123],"placement":[36],"affects":[37],"user":[38,131],"experience":[39],"cognitive":[41,128],"load":[42,129],"live":[45],"performance":[47],"enhanced":[48],"by":[49],"AR":[50,148],"glasses.":[51],"To":[52],"do":[53],"so,":[54],"we":[55,94],"design":[56],"develop":[58],"system":[60,71],"displaying":[62],"subtitles":[63],"VR":[65],"AR.":[67],"We":[68],"evaluated":[69],"two":[73,138],"conditions":[74],"(N":[75],"=":[76,78],"19;N":[77],"12),":[79],"both":[80],"controlled":[83],"environment":[84],"(VR)":[85],"an":[87],"actual":[88],"(AR).":[90],"In":[91],"latter,":[93],"integrate":[95],"solutions":[97],"to":[98,109,149],"provide":[99],"automatic":[100],"captioning":[101],"translation":[103],"real":[105],"time,":[106],"VFX":[108],"further":[110,160],"augment":[111],"experience.":[113],"Our":[114],"quantitative":[115],"qualitative":[117],"results":[118],"showed":[119],"no":[120],"difference":[121],"between":[122],"placements":[124],"terms":[126],"of":[127,147],"experience,":[132],"users":[134],"equally":[135],"liking":[136],"proposed":[139],"approaches.":[140],"Results":[141],"also":[142],"highlighted":[143],"perceived":[145],"usefulness":[146],"enhance":[150],"performances,":[152],"indicating":[153],"new":[154],"paths":[155],"wider":[157],"accessibility":[158],"immersion.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-12-05T00:00:00"}