{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415157056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","title":"Pedestrians' perception of road crossing while interacting with Automated Vehicles: A Virtual Reality experiment","display_name":"Pedestrians' perception of road crossing while interacting with Automated Vehicles: A Virtual Reality experiment","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415157056","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3750069.3750110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032082066","display_name":"Sachita Shahi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5498-8411"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["AU","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sachita Shahi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom","Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5498-8411","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048399211","display_name":"Ashim Kumar Debnath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5439-7267"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashim Kumar Debnath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5439-7267","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091609010","display_name":"Stewart Birrell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-4087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stewart Birrell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8778-4087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006262087","display_name":"Ben Horan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6723-259X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149704539","display_name":"Deakin University","ror":"https://ror.org/02czsnj07","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Horan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6723-259X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025548064","display_name":"Saif Alatrash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-2187"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saif Alatrash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-2187","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002906078","display_name":"William Payre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-9047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","display_name":"Coventry University","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgmhj36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"William Payre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6178-9047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Future Transport and Cities, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032082066"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149704539","https://openalex.org/I73417466"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1559,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89557774,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10370","display_name":"Traffic and Road Safety","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bespoke","display_name":"Bespoke","score":0.90829998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.7095000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behaviour-change","display_name":"Behaviour change","score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.36309999227523804}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44210515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16968978","display_name":"Bespoke","level":2,"score":0.90829998254776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.7095000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.6047000288963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5622000098228455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.45019999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020759390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4880694","display_name":"Behaviour change","level":3,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3824999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3382999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.33480000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.3312000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.32749998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163355716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2154783","display_name":"Risk perception","level":3,"score":0.32510000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.3073999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.296999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3750069.3750110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.atira.dk:openaire/7d0e43a2-bdc0-4443-bb0f-f44301608f38","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pureportal.coventry.ac.uk/en/publications/7d0e43a2-bdc0-4443-bb0f-f44301608f38","pdf_url":"https://pure.coventry.ac.uk/ws/files/115673444/Shahi2025VoR.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402411","display_name":"Pure (Coventry University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I73417466","host_organization_name":"Coventry University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I73417466"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Shahi, S, Kumar Debnath, A, Birrell, S, Horan, B, Alatrash, S & Payre, W 2025, Pedestrians' perception of road crossing while interacting with Automated Vehicles : A Virtual Reality experiment: Pedestrians' perception of road crossing while interacting with Automated Vehicles. in CHItaly '25: Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter., 41, ACM, pp. 1-10, CHItaly '25: Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter, Salerno, Italy, 6/10/25. https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3750069.3750110","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750069.3750110","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 16th Biannual Conference of the Italian SIGCHI Chapter","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W636286276","https://openalex.org/W1972035960","https://openalex.org/W2040583469","https://openalex.org/W2155312737","https://openalex.org/W2505756961","https://openalex.org/W2763201450","https://openalex.org/W2766530738","https://openalex.org/W2772041732","https://openalex.org/W2949568807","https://openalex.org/W2965237466","https://openalex.org/W2967596054","https://openalex.org/W2993531843","https://openalex.org/W3016289232","https://openalex.org/W3089641905","https://openalex.org/W3104747504","https://openalex.org/W3113855960","https://openalex.org/W3129513482","https://openalex.org/W3134114167","https://openalex.org/W3160317559","https://openalex.org/W3212977403","https://openalex.org/W4225004649","https://openalex.org/W4256258899","https://openalex.org/W4284890087","https://openalex.org/W4285134979","https://openalex.org/W4285489769","https://openalex.org/W4289170108","https://openalex.org/W4316672856","https://openalex.org/W4319456950","https://openalex.org/W4362737009","https://openalex.org/W4365137928","https://openalex.org/W4377263729","https://openalex.org/W4383736867","https://openalex.org/W4388845319","https://openalex.org/W4392166499","https://openalex.org/W4394767009","https://openalex.org/W4414239635"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"Vehicles":[1],"(AVs)":[2],"are":[3],"being":[4],"developed":[5],"with":[6,50,199],"the":[7,68,79,83,123,172,190,220,223],"aim":[8],"to":[9,23,37,98,106,167,180,194,205,211],"improve":[10],"road":[11,17,42,62,170],"safety,":[12],"especially":[13],"that":[14,159,186,226],"of":[15,57,60,85,141,192,231],"vulnerable":[16],"users.":[18],"Thus,":[19],"it":[20,162],"is":[21],"necessary":[22],"understand":[24],"how":[25],"they":[26,46,145,147,248],"perceive":[27],"AVs":[28,241],"in":[29,132,175],"different":[30],"contexts.":[31],"We":[32,73,184],"used":[33],"Virtual":[34],"Reality":[35],"(VR)":[36],"study":[38,80],"pedestrian-AV":[39],"interactions":[40],"on":[41,88,208],"crossings":[43],"and":[44,67,70,81,111,214],"whether":[45],"adapted":[47],"their":[48,142],"behaviour":[49,110],"repeated":[51],"exposure.":[52],"The":[53,103,114],"VR":[54],"scenarios":[55,134],"consisted":[56],"varying":[58],"types":[59],"AV,":[61],"gradients,":[63],"distances":[64,246],"between":[65,122],"AV":[66,173,209],"pedestrian":[69],"weather":[71],"conditions.":[72],"employed":[74],"a":[75,100,169,176],"longitudinal":[76],"design":[77],"for":[78],"explored":[82],"effect":[84,117],"time":[86],"pressure":[87],"road-crossing":[89,93,112],"decisions.":[90,113],"After":[91],"each":[92],"scenario,":[94],"participants":[95,127],"were":[96,138],"asked":[97,204],"answer":[99],"bespoke":[101],"questionnaire.":[102],"questions":[104],"aimed":[105],"capture":[107],"pedestrians\u2019":[108,229],"self-reported":[109],"multi-level":[115],"mixed":[116],"model":[118],"revealed":[119],"significant":[120],"differences":[121],"genders,":[124],"e.g.,":[125],"women":[126,187],"perceived":[128],"81.43%":[129],"more":[130,139,152,164,197],"risks":[131],"crossing":[133],"than":[135,153],"men.":[136,154],"Women":[137,201],"critical":[140],"road-use":[143],"behaviours;":[144],"thought":[146],"made":[148],"unsafe":[149],"decisions":[150],"80.2%":[151],"A":[155],"novel":[156],"finding":[157],"was":[158,163],"pedestrians":[160],"felt":[161],"dangerous":[165],"(>62%)":[166],"cross":[168],"when":[171,247],"approached":[174],"downhill":[177],"movement":[178],"compared":[179],"an":[181],"uphill":[182],"movement.":[183],"suggest":[185],"should":[188],"be":[189,203],"focus":[191],"initiatives":[193],"make":[195],"them":[196],"familiar":[198],"AVs.":[200,218],"can":[202,242],"join":[206],"demonstrations":[207],"capabilities":[210],"reinforce":[212],"personal":[213],"societal":[215],"acceptance":[216],"towards":[217],"Furthermore,":[219],"findings":[221],"about":[222],"environmental":[224],"factors":[225],"significantly":[227],"influence":[228],"perception":[230],"safety":[232],"will":[233],"help":[234],"program":[235],"AV's":[236],"yielding":[237],"behaviour.":[238],"For":[239],"example,":[240],"have":[243],"greater":[244],"stopping":[245],"move":[249],"downhill.":[250]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-14T00:00:00"}
