{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412602612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750049","title":"MRFGNet: Multiscale Reference Frame Generation Network for VVC Inter-Coding","display_name":"MRFGNet: Multiscale Reference Frame Generation Network for VVC Inter-Coding","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412602612","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3750049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pengyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5664-5449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an,\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5664-5449","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an,\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003623628","display_name":"Cheolkon Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-7206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheolkon Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an,\u00a0China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0299-7206","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an,\u00a0China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18841519,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"9","first_page":"1","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10741","display_name":"Video Coding and Compression Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10901","display_name":"Advanced Data Compression Techniques","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8938732147216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.5493174195289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-frame","display_name":"Reference frame","score":0.5341765880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-network-coding","display_name":"Linear network coding","score":0.5231339335441589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.462796688079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3166511058807373}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8938732147216797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.5493174195289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172849965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3148875","display_name":"Reference frame","level":3,"score":0.5341765880584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138293262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1089578","display_name":"Linear network coding","level":3,"score":0.5231339335441589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.462796688079834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3166511058807373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3750049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3750049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S19610489","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing Communications and Applications","issn_l":"1551-6857","issn":["1551-6857","1551-6865"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4457358854","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62111540272","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140199336","https://openalex.org/W2146395539","https://openalex.org/W2922414248","https://openalex.org/W2940542968","https://openalex.org/W2963782415","https://openalex.org/W2964251418","https://openalex.org/W2997829087","https://openalex.org/W3026081963","https://openalex.org/W3090186123","https://openalex.org/W3175841511","https://openalex.org/W3202918664","https://openalex.org/W3213592532","https://openalex.org/W4220997001","https://openalex.org/W4236965008","https://openalex.org/W4282937133","https://openalex.org/W4312770027","https://openalex.org/W4323338446","https://openalex.org/W4379409447","https://openalex.org/W4385453475","https://openalex.org/W4391853624"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2212571888","https://openalex.org/W2139379087","https://openalex.org/W2285288187","https://openalex.org/W2411336269","https://openalex.org/W2020805386","https://openalex.org/W3014803371","https://openalex.org/W2124128583","https://openalex.org/W2079655802","https://openalex.org/W3119610428","https://openalex.org/W1986748663"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,4,12,28,33,42,62,71,74,96,101,119,130,141,170,188,221,293],"quality":[2,24,72,251],"of":[3,73,266],"reference":[5,16,25,43,63,76,85,229,298],"frames":[6,31,223],"is":[7,51,149,205,240],"critical":[8],"for":[9,47,89,115,140,211,254,297],"VVC":[10,90],"inter-coding,":[11,91],"neural":[13],"network":[14,88,148],"(NN)-based":[15],"frame":[17,26,57,64,86,116,132,146,299],"generation":[18,65,87,147],"aims":[19],"to":[20,53,61,151,173,207,226,242],"generate":[21,227],"a":[22,83,145,228,232],"better":[23],"from":[27],"two":[29,208,217,222],"decoded":[30,34],"in":[32,162],"picture":[35,44],"buffer":[36],"(DPB)":[37],"and":[38,133,165,177,202,215,219,273,285,310,319],"inserts":[39],"it":[40,50],"into":[41],"list":[45],"(RPL)":[46],"inter-prediction.":[48],"However,":[49],"difficult":[52],"directly":[54],"apply":[55],"video":[56],"interpolation":[58],"or":[59],"extrapolation":[60],"because":[66],"compression":[67,97],"artifacts":[68],"severely":[69],"degrade":[70],"generated":[75],"frame.":[77,230],"In":[78],"this":[79],"article,":[80],"we":[81],"propose":[82],"multiscale":[84],"named":[92],"MRFGNet.":[93],"To":[94],"reduce":[95],"artifacts,":[98],"MRFGNet":[99,127,168,180,244,260],"adopts":[100],"high-performance":[102],"operation":[103],"point":[104],"(HOP)":[105],"network,":[106],"which":[107],"has":[108,169],"been":[109],"released":[110],"by":[111,245,303],"JVET,":[112],"as":[113,138,252,289,291],"preprocessing":[114],"enhancement.":[117],"Unlike":[118],"HOP":[120,142],"in-loop":[121],"filter":[122],"that":[123,259],"takes":[124,129],"multiple":[125,185],"inputs,":[126],"only":[128],"reconstructed":[131],"quantization":[134],"parameter":[135],"(QP)":[136],"map":[137],"input":[139],"network.":[143],"Moreover,":[144],"proposed":[150],"conduct":[152],"accurate":[153],"motion":[154],"estimation":[155],"based":[156,236],"on":[157,237],"directional":[158],"optical":[159,182,195,199],"flow.":[160],"Thus,":[161],"both":[163,175],"RA":[164,284,318],"LDB":[166,286,320],"configurations,":[167,287,321],"same":[171,189],"architecture":[172],"achieve":[174],"bidirectional":[176,194],"unidirectional":[178],"predictions.":[179],"estimates":[181],"flow":[183,196,200,212],"at":[184],"scales":[186],"with":[187,249],"dimension,":[190],"thereby":[191],"leveraging":[192],"scale-independent":[193],"prediction.":[197],"An":[198],"warping":[201],"fusion":[203],"module":[204],"designed":[206],"cascaded":[209],"U-nets":[210],"feature":[213],"maps":[214],"get":[216],"frames,":[218],"finally,":[220],"are":[224],"fused":[225],"Furthermore,":[231],"novel":[233],"training":[234],"strategy":[235],"QP":[238],"distance":[239],"utilized":[241],"optimize":[243],"taking":[246],"compressed":[247],"data":[248],"higher":[250],"label":[253],"training.":[255],"Experimental":[256],"results":[257],"show":[258],"achieves":[261],"average":[262],"BD":[263],"rate":[264],"changes":[265],"{\u22125.10%":[267],"(Y),":[268,275,305,312],"\u221212.14%":[269],"(U),":[270,277,307,314],"\u221211.51%":[271],"(V)}":[272,279,309],"{\u22125.98%":[274],"\u221215.32%":[276],"\u221214.22%":[278],"over":[280],"VTM_11.0-NNVC_4.0":[281],"anchor":[282],"under":[283,317],"respectively,":[288],"well":[290],"outperforms":[292],"state-of-the":[294],"art":[295],"method":[296],"generation,":[300],"i.e.,":[301],"JVET-AD0160,":[302],"{0.78%":[304],"1.42%":[306],"1.44%":[308],"{2.82%":[311],"4.92%":[313],"6.62":[315],"%(V)}":[316],"respectively.":[322]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
