{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412565290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749840","title":"AdaptiveLog: An Adaptive Log Analysis Framework with the Collaboration of Large and Small Language Model","display_name":"AdaptiveLog: An Adaptive Log Analysis Framework with the Collaboration of Large and Small Language Model","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412565290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749840"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3749840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039580875","display_name":"Lipeng Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5974-5988"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lipeng Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5974-5988","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101865874","display_name":"Weidong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-9272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6473-9272","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5118899920","display_name":"Yixuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9229-7555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yixuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9229-7555","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074448929","display_name":"Ben Fei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3219-9996"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben Fei","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3219-9996","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103217546","display_name":"Mingjie Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-0533"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingjie Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3289-0533","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100706220","display_name":"Shuhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5175-7667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5175-7667","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103193321","display_name":"Sihang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0736-6457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0736-6457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020681500","display_name":"Bo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-4307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181326427","display_name":"Donghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/035psfh38","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Donghua University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-4307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Donghua University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181326427"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090455375","display_name":"Yanghua Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-9591"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24943067","display_name":"Fudan University","ror":"https://ror.org/013q1eq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanghua Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-9591","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Data Science, School of Computer Science, Fudan University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24943067"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94796557,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"5","first_page":"1","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9379000067710876,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9300000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.832680344581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.34717217087745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.34678366780281067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.832680344581604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.34717217087745667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.34678366780281067}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3749840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749840","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":59,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2063566496","https://openalex.org/W2754665629","https://openalex.org/W2767094836","https://openalex.org/W2898944906","https://openalex.org/W2947815220","https://openalex.org/W2962622685","https://openalex.org/W2964030506","https://openalex.org/W2964339591","https://openalex.org/W3025035827","https://openalex.org/W3095840026","https://openalex.org/W3099780882","https://openalex.org/W3100214273","https://openalex.org/W3101654741","https://openalex.org/W3102100346","https://openalex.org/W3164731060","https://openalex.org/W3175603587","https://openalex.org/W3195057108","https://openalex.org/W4205807230","https://openalex.org/W4205965165","https://openalex.org/W4221079409","https://openalex.org/W4226128225","https://openalex.org/W4238124605","https://openalex.org/W4255845613","https://openalex.org/W4283162852","https://openalex.org/W4284697810","https://openalex.org/W4309623083","https://openalex.org/W4319993380","https://openalex.org/W4323655724","https://openalex.org/W4327503230","https://openalex.org/W4327671824","https://openalex.org/W4328132028","https://openalex.org/W4384304728","https://openalex.org/W4384345745","https://openalex.org/W4384345795","https://openalex.org/W4385605314","https://openalex.org/W4385621806","https://openalex.org/W4388212317","https://openalex.org/W4388483492","https://openalex.org/W4388848588","https://openalex.org/W4389520264","https://openalex.org/W4391558438","https://openalex.org/W4391558462","https://openalex.org/W4391558518","https://openalex.org/W4391579685","https://openalex.org/W4391974543","https://openalex.org/W4393141466","https://openalex.org/W4394745212","https://openalex.org/W4394745858","https://openalex.org/W4394769528","https://openalex.org/W4394946189","https://openalex.org/W4399174497","https://openalex.org/W4399631359","https://openalex.org/W4400118952","https://openalex.org/W4400582613","https://openalex.org/W4401042451","https://openalex.org/W4401863940","https://openalex.org/W4403413458","https://openalex.org/W4403537005","https://openalex.org/W4411638692"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Automated":[0],"log":[1,37,53,75,158,165,248,284,303],"analysis":[2,54,76,166,249,285,304],"is":[3,229,235],"crucial":[4],"to":[5,195,203,207,239,268],"ensure":[6],"the":[7,66,73,84,92,148,174,193,204,210,220,224,227,233,241,245,263,266,299],"high":[8],"availability":[9],"and":[10,68,121,143,150,188,273,312],"reliability":[11],"of":[12,17,33,153,223,244,302],"complex":[13,197],"systems.":[14],"The":[15],"advent":[16],"Large":[18],"Language":[19,24,59],"Models":[20,60],"(LLMs)":[21],"in":[22,29,103,156,247],"Natural":[23],"Processing":[25],"(NLP)":[26],"has":[27],"ushered":[28],"a":[30,100,253],"new":[31],"era":[32],"language":[34,50],"model-driven":[35],"automated":[36,157],"analysis,":[38,159],"garnering":[39],"significant":[40],"interest.":[41],"Within":[42],"this":[43,160],"field,":[44],"two":[45],"primary":[46],"paradigms":[47],"based":[48,218],"on":[49,72,80,219,282],"models":[51,114,155],"for":[52],"have":[55],"become":[56],"prominent.":[57],"Small":[58],"(SLMs)":[61],"(such":[62,88],"as":[63,89,169,262],"BERT)":[64],"follow":[65],"pre-train":[67],"fine-tune":[69],"paradigm,":[70,95],"focusing":[71],"specific":[74],"task":[77],"through":[78],"fine-tuning":[79],"supervised":[81],"datasets.":[82],"On":[83],"other":[85],"hand,":[86],"LLMs":[87,134],"ChatGPT)":[90],"following":[91],"in-context":[93],"learning":[94],"analyze":[96],"logs":[97,198,202],"by":[98,257],"providing":[99],"few":[101],"examples":[102],"prompt":[104,255],"contexts":[105],"without":[106],"updating":[107],"parameters.":[108],"Despite":[109],"their":[110],"respective":[111],"strengths,":[112],"both":[113,154],"exhibit":[115],"inherent":[116],"limitations.":[117],"By":[118],"comparing":[119],"SLMs":[120,126],"LLMs,":[122],"we":[123,212,251],"notice":[124],"that":[125,290],"are":[127,138,316],"more":[128],"cost-effective":[129],"but":[130,141],"less":[131],"powerful,":[132],"whereas":[133],"with":[135,177],"large":[136],"parameters":[137],"highly":[139],"powerful":[140],"expensive":[142],"inefficient.":[144],"To":[145],"tradeoff":[146],"between":[147],"performance":[149],"inference":[151],"costs":[152,175],"article":[161],"introduces":[162],"an":[163,186,189,214],"adaptive":[164,215],"framework":[167,184],"known":[168],"AdaptiveLog,":[170],"which":[171],"effectively":[172],"reduces":[173],"associated":[176],"LLM":[178,187,194,228,246],"while":[179,199,305],"ensuring":[180],"superior":[181],"results.":[182],"This":[183],"collaborates":[185],"SLM,":[190,225],"strategically":[191],"allocating":[192],"tackle":[196],"delegating":[200],"simpler":[201],"SLM.":[205],"Specifically,":[206],"efficiently":[208],"query":[209],"LLM,":[211],"propose":[213,252],"selection":[216],"strategy":[217,256],"uncertainty":[221],"estimation":[222],"where":[226],"invoked":[230],"only":[231],"when":[232],"SLM":[234],"uncertain.":[236],"In":[237],"addition,":[238],"enhance":[240],"reasoning":[242],"ability":[243],"tasks,":[250,286,297],"novel":[254],"retrieving":[258],"similar":[259],"error-prone":[260],"cases":[261],"reference,":[264],"enabling":[265],"model":[267],"leverage":[269],"past":[270],"error":[271],"experiences":[272],"learn":[274],"solutions":[275],"from":[276],"these":[277],"cases.":[278],"We":[279],"evaluate":[280],"AdaptiveLog":[281,291],"different":[283,296],"Extensive":[287],"experiments":[288],"demonstrate":[289],"achieves":[292],"state-of-the-art":[293],"results":[294],"across":[295],"elevating":[298],"overall":[300],"accuracy":[301],"maintaining":[306],"cost":[307],"efficiency.":[308],"Our":[309],"source":[310],"code":[311],"detailed":[313],"experimental":[314],"data":[315],"available":[317],"at":[318],"https://github.com/LeaperOvO/AdaptiveLog-review":[319],".":[320]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
