{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414528665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398","title":"At the Speed of the Heart: Evaluating Physiologically-Adaptive Visualizations for Supporting Engagement in Biking Exergaming in Virtual Reality","display_name":"At the Speed of the Heart: Evaluating Physiologically-Adaptive Visualizations for Supporting Engagement in Biking Exergaming in Virtual Reality","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414528665","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3749385.3749398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Human-Computer Interaction and Sports","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079241074","display_name":"Oliver Hein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9962-0165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40527276","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t der Bundeswehr M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05kkv3f82","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315109972","https://openalex.org/I40527276","https://openalex.org/I4387152969"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Hein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9962-0165","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Bundeswehr Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40527276"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119736106","display_name":"Sandra Wackerl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3243-5213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018771216","display_name":"LMU Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/02jet3w32","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sandra Wackerl","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3243-5213","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMU Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044564680","display_name":"Changkun Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-7485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018771216","display_name":"LMU Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/02jet3w32","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changkun Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-7485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMU Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054117094","display_name":"Florian Alt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-2195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018771216","display_name":"LMU Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/02jet3w32","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Florian Alt","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8354-2195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMU Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065523936","display_name":"Francesco Chiossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-7634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3018771216","display_name":"LMU Klinikum","ror":"https://ror.org/02jet3w32","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","display_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/05591te55","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Chiossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["LMU Munich, Munich, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-7634","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LMU Munich, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3018771216","https://openalex.org/I8204097"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4813,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89505208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13353","display_name":"Flow Experience in Various Fields","score":0.9456999897956848,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.6208999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visualization","display_name":"Visualization","score":0.617900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adaptation","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","score":0.5978000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-exertion","display_name":"Perceived exertion","score":0.5332000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-engagement","display_name":"User engagement","score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-feedback","display_name":"Visual feedback","score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.39469999074935913}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.7174999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.6208999752998352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36464697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q451553","display_name":"Visualization","level":2,"score":0.617900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139807058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352374","display_name":"Adaptation (eye)","level":2,"score":0.5978000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.5960000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5649999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993527604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2372945","display_name":"Perceived exertion","level":4,"score":0.5332000255584717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.5048999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984870255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5196451","display_name":"User engagement","level":2,"score":0.4180999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.41620001196861267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020716817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4132092","display_name":"Visual feedback","level":2,"score":0.41290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.39469999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38956757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q716215","display_name":"Audio feedback","level":2,"score":0.3492000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.3483000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29794715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5362345","display_name":"Smartwatch","level":3,"score":0.3465999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019565508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q444835","display_name":"Virtual world","level":2,"score":0.3102000057697296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777953023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1073121","display_name":"Heart rate","level":3,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020255362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747883","display_name":"Physical activity","level":2,"score":0.28610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172367668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504956","display_name":"Data visualization","level":3,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775893642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925303","display_name":"Heart rate monitor","level":4,"score":0.2766000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776872670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2288542","display_name":"Simulator sickness","level":3,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779304628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3503480","display_name":"Face (sociological concept)","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3749385.3749398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Human-Computer Interaction and Sports","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.13095","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.13095","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.13095","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:share.osf.io:a2122706-f26a-4901-b142-3cedf43a3466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://osf.io/acpxy","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401127","display_name":"OSF Preprints (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Project"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3749385.3749398","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3749385.3749398","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the First Annual Conference on Human-Computer Interaction and Sports","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"exergames":[1],"face":[2],"challenges":[3],"in":[4,154],"keeping":[5],"users":[6,100,121],"within":[7,101],"safe":[8],"and":[9,38,69,133],"effective":[10],"intensity":[11],"levels":[12],"during":[13],"exercise.":[14],"Meanwhile,":[15],"although":[16],"wearable":[17],"devices":[18],"continuously":[19],"collect":[20],"physiological":[21,145],"data,":[22],"this":[23],"information":[24],"is":[25],"seldom":[26],"leveraged":[27],"for":[28,82],"real-time":[29,144],"adaptation":[30,146],"or":[31],"to":[32,66,98,119],"encourage":[33],"user":[34,57],"reflection.":[35],"We":[36],"designed":[37],"evaluated":[39],"a":[40,56,91],"VR":[41],"cycling":[42],"simulator":[43],"that":[44,73,94,114,143],"dynamically":[45],"adapts":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48,86],"users\u2019":[49],"heart":[50,104,125],"rate":[51,105,126],"zones.":[52,106,127],"First,":[53],"we":[54,89],"conducted":[55],"study":[58,109],"(N":[59,110],"=":[60,111],"50)":[61],"comparing":[62],"eight":[63],"visualization":[64],"designs":[65],"enhance":[67],"engagement":[68],"exertion":[70],"control,":[71],"finding":[72],"gamified":[74],"elements":[75],"like":[76],"non-player":[77],"characters":[78],"(NPCs)":[79],"were":[80],"promising":[81],"feedback":[83,97],"delivery.":[84],"Based":[85],"these":[87],"findings,":[88],"implemented":[90],"physiology-adaptive":[92],"exergame":[93],"adjusts":[95],"visual":[96],"keep":[99],"their":[102,123],"target":[103,124],"A":[107],"lab":[108],"18)":[112],"showed":[113],"our":[115],"system":[116],"has":[117],"potential":[118],"help":[120],"maintain":[122],"Subjective":[128],"ratings":[129],"of":[130],"exertion,":[131],"enjoyment,":[132],"motivation":[134],"remained":[135],"largely":[136],"unchanged":[137],"between":[138],"conditions.":[139],"Our":[140],"findings":[141],"suggest":[142],"through":[147],"NPC":[148],"visualizations":[149],"can":[150],"improve":[151],"workout":[152],"regulation":[153],"exergaming.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-05T07:39:15.569665","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}