{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415952883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887","title":"Navigating through the hidden embedding space: steering LLMs to improve mental health assessment","display_name":"Navigating through the hidden embedding space: steering LLMs to improve mental health assessment","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415952883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3748522.3779887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 41st ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094215106","display_name":"Federico Ravenda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1421-252X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ravenda, Federico","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017310157","display_name":"Seyed Ali Bahrainian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2860-5346"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bahrainian, Seyed Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059180331","display_name":"Andrea Raballo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3709-4111"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raballo, Andrea","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030873840","display_name":"Antonietta Mira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5609-7935"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mira, Antonietta","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5094215106"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.33660466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"227","last_page":"229"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.8587999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12488","display_name":"Mental Health via Writing","score":0.8587999939918518,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11519","display_name":"Digital Mental Health Interventions","score":0.10270000249147415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3202","display_name":"Applied Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13283","display_name":"Mental Health Research Topics","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-health","display_name":"Mental health","score":0.6744999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.454800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"Depression (economics)","score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-factors-and-ergonomics","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/suicide-prevention","display_name":"Suicide prevention","score":0.34279999136924744}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.6744999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.525600016117096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5246000289916992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4781000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.454800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.41370001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776867660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1814941","display_name":"Depression (economics)","level":2,"score":0.39329999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.38019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.37279999256134033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.34279999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.34049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3400000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.32850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.3122999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019858935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4340209","display_name":"Depressive symptoms","level":3,"score":0.29649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156312663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865588","display_name":"Steering committee","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.2784999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779791154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q258040","display_name":"Model transformation","level":3,"score":0.2669999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3748522.3779887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 41st ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2510.16373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2510.16373","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2510.16373","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2510.16373","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2510.16373","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3748522.3779887","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3748522.3779887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 41st ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"evolution":[2],"of":[3,58,72,118,148],"Large":[4],"Language":[5],"Models":[6],"(LLMs)":[7],"is":[8,110],"transforming":[9],"AI,":[10],"opening":[11],"new":[12],"opportunities":[13],"in":[14,40],"sensitive":[15],"and":[16,124],"high-impact":[17],"areas":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20,151],"Mental":[21],"Health":[22],"(MH).":[23],"Yet,":[24],"despite":[25],"these":[26],"advancements,":[27],"recent":[28],"evidence":[29],"reveals":[30],"that":[31],"smaller-scale":[32],"models":[33],"still":[34],"struggle":[35],"to":[36,53,77,85,96],"deliver":[37],"optimal":[38],"performance":[39],"domain-specific":[41],"applications.":[42],"In":[43],"this":[44,91],"study,":[45],"we":[46],"present":[47],"a":[48,73,78,107,127],"cost-efficient":[49],"yet":[50],"powerful":[51],"approach":[52],"improve":[54],"MH":[55,157],"assessment":[56],"capabilities":[57],"an":[59],"LLM,":[60],"without":[61],"relying":[62],"on":[63,135],"any":[64],"computationally":[65,152],"intensive":[66],"techniques.":[67],"Our":[68],"lightweight":[69],"method":[70],"consists":[71],"linear":[74],"transformation":[75],"applied":[76],"specific":[79],"layer's":[80],"activations,":[81],"leveraging":[82],"steering":[83,149],"vectors":[84],"guide":[86],"the":[87,94,114,145],"model's":[88],"output.":[89],"Remarkably,":[90],"intervention":[92],"enables":[93],"model":[95],"achieve":[97],"improved":[98],"results":[99],"across":[100],"two":[101],"distinct":[102],"tasks:":[103],"(1)":[104],"identifying":[105],"whether":[106],"Reddit":[108,137],"post":[109,138],"useful":[111],"for":[112,132,155],"detecting":[113],"presence":[115],"or":[116],"absence":[117],"depressive":[119],"symptoms":[120],"(relevance":[121],"prediction":[122],"task),":[123],"(2)":[125],"completing":[126],"standardized":[128],"psychological":[129],"screening":[130],"questionnaire":[131],"depression":[133],"based":[134],"users'":[136],"history":[139],"(questionnaire":[140],"completion":[141],"task).":[142],"Results":[143],"highlight":[144],"untapped":[146],"potential":[147],"mechanisms":[150],"efficient":[153],"tools":[154],"LLMs'":[156],"domain":[158],"adaptation.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-10T14:10:52.464848","created_date":"2025-10-22T00:00:00"}
