{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415545964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421","title":"Social Density and its Impact on Behaviour in Virtual Environments","display_name":"Social Density and its Impact on Behaviour in Virtual Environments","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415545964","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746269.3760421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Interactive eXtended Reality","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014222815","display_name":"Julie Williamson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1816-1393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Julie Williamson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101798397","display_name":"Silvia Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2779-2314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021483685","display_name":"Ross Johnstone","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Johnstone","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036884686","display_name":"Irene Viola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8990-2665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene Viola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060027329","display_name":"John Williamson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8085-7853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Williamson","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092841345","display_name":"Thomas R\u00f6ggla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-3656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas R\u00f6ggla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001270504","display_name":"David A. Shamma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2399-9374"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Shamma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024676475","display_name":"Pablo C\u00e9sar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1752-6837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1341640284","display_name":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica","ror":"https://ror.org/00x7ekv49","country_code":"NL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284","https://openalex.org/I2800991832","https://openalex.org/I4405262988"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Cesar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI), Amsterdam, Netherlands and Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1341640284"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014222815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.563,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86131692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"37","last_page":"46"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12214","display_name":"Media Influence and Health","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1208","display_name":"Literature and Literary Theory"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9485999941825867,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conversation","display_name":"Conversation","score":0.6373999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-machine","display_name":"Virtual machine","score":0.5080999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.42649999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-relation","display_name":"Social relation","score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.3425000011920929}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.6901000142097473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777200299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52943","display_name":"Conversation","level":2,"score":0.6373999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5252000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25344961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192726","display_name":"Virtual machine","level":2,"score":0.5080999732017517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4366999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.42649999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130064352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853725","display_name":"Social relation","level":2,"score":0.42010000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.3425000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019565508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q444835","display_name":"Virtual world","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67469775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q304922","display_name":"Social dynamics","level":2,"score":0.27639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110379092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571836","display_name":"Social environment","level":2,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.25519999861717224}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746269.3760421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Interactive eXtended Reality","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.gla.ac.uk:370735","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.gla.ac.uk/view/author/16088.html>","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210235606","display_name":"ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam)","issn_l":"2622-8912","issn":["2622-8912","2622-8920"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746269.3760421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746269.3760421","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Interactive eXtended Reality","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1978952374","https://openalex.org/W2005836681","https://openalex.org/W2049824704","https://openalex.org/W2051033444","https://openalex.org/W2053950676","https://openalex.org/W2161411308","https://openalex.org/W2900951404","https://openalex.org/W2940645181","https://openalex.org/W2947724374","https://openalex.org/W3025077393","https://openalex.org/W3118395962","https://openalex.org/W3119894974","https://openalex.org/W4220938208","https://openalex.org/W4225113306","https://openalex.org/W4225163490","https://openalex.org/W4288086135","https://openalex.org/W4294555119"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0],"environments":[1],"make":[2],"it":[3],"possible":[4],"to":[5],"connect":[6],"and":[7,55,62],"collaborate":[8],"in":[9,44],"social":[10,76],"immersive":[11],"realities,":[12],"but":[13],"there":[14],"are":[15],"still":[16],"open":[17],"questions":[18],"about":[19],"the":[20,26,75,82,87,92],"influence":[21],"of":[22,39,81,89],"their":[23],"design":[24],"on":[25],"user":[27],"experience.":[28],"We":[29,72],"conducted":[30],"a":[31,50],"study":[32],"with":[33],"48":[34],"participants":[35],"divided":[36],"into":[37],"groups":[38],"6,":[40],"completing":[41],"conversational":[42],"tasks":[43],"an":[45],"instrumented":[46],"virtual":[47,69,84],"environment.":[48],"Using":[49],"mix-methods":[51],"approach,":[52],"combining":[53],"qualitative":[54],"quantitative":[56],"research":[57],"methods":[58],"(interviews,":[59],"questionnaires,":[60],"conversation":[61],"movement":[63],"analysis),":[64],"we":[65],"compared":[66],"between":[67,91],"two":[68],"environment":[70,85],"designs.":[71],"found":[73],"that":[74],"density":[77],"(or":[78],"effective":[79],"capacity)":[80],"designed":[83],"influenced":[86],"quality":[88],"interaction":[90],"participants.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-14T08:04:32.555800","created_date":"2025-10-25T00:00:00"}