{"id":"https://openalex.org/W6922135191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772","title":"StoryEnsemble: Enabling Dynamic Exploration & Iteration in the Design Process with AI and Forward-Backward Propagation","display_name":"StoryEnsemble: Enabling Dynamic Exploration & Iteration in the Design Process with AI and Forward-Backward Propagation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W6922135191","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746059.3747772","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sangho Suh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-5116"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sangho Suh","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4617-5116","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Michael Lai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4544-5096"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Lai","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4544-5096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kevin Pu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4722-0631"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin Pu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4722-0631","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Steven P. Dow","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1354-9866"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven P. Dow","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1354-9866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tovi Grossman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-5373"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tovi Grossman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0494-5373","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14335","display_name":"Educational Robotics and Engineering","score":0.043299999088048935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14335","display_name":"Educational Robotics and Engineering","score":0.043299999088048935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12826","display_name":"Education Methods and Technologies","score":0.02449999935925007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13370","display_name":"Diverse Scientific and Economic Studies","score":0.017000000923871994,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-design","display_name":"Iterative design","score":0.6248000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-and-incremental-development","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","score":0.5666999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formative-assessment","display_name":"Formative assessment","score":0.5335000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-process","display_name":"Design process","score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-design-process","display_name":"Engineering design process","score":0.47909998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.3707999885082245}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7102000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.646399974822998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106246047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4928435","display_name":"Iterative design","level":3,"score":0.6248000264167786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.5666999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42525527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1209955","display_name":"Formative assessment","level":2,"score":0.5335000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4918000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48262172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16908765","display_name":"Design process","level":3,"score":0.48069998621940613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34972735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920267","display_name":"Engineering design process","level":2,"score":0.47909998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.3619000017642975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.35929998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3549000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138852830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2292993","display_name":"Design methods","level":2,"score":0.33959999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.32409998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201025465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11248500","display_name":"User experience design","level":2,"score":0.3093000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C313442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778556","display_name":"Persona","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106189395","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176789","display_name":"Markov decision process","level":3,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.2791000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777466363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008971","display_name":"Design tool","level":2,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.27559998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746059.3747772","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.03182","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.03182","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.03182","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3746059.3747772","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3746059.3747772","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 38th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973203990","https://openalex.org/W1977402938","https://openalex.org/W1978693696","https://openalex.org/W1981173713","https://openalex.org/W2044387737","https://openalex.org/W2071873073","https://openalex.org/W2087641817","https://openalex.org/W2104123546","https://openalex.org/W2116470496","https://openalex.org/W2118029778","https://openalex.org/W2147781035","https://openalex.org/W2152364132","https://openalex.org/W2885050103","https://openalex.org/W2969563902","https://openalex.org/W3046717516","https://openalex.org/W3112458260","https://openalex.org/W4205183540","https://openalex.org/W4220747294","https://openalex.org/W4225012671","https://openalex.org/W4251404627","https://openalex.org/W4281903437","https://openalex.org/W4297156445","https://openalex.org/W4307475457","https://openalex.org/W4311110405","https://openalex.org/W4311110428","https://openalex.org/W4366549000","https://openalex.org/W4372055459","https://openalex.org/W4377371585","https://openalex.org/W4383682679","https://openalex.org/W4383682897","https://openalex.org/W4385682544","https://openalex.org/W4385774603","https://openalex.org/W4387123228","https://openalex.org/W4387606455","https://openalex.org/W4387801427","https://openalex.org/W4390690619","https://openalex.org/W4391556516","https://openalex.org/W4391581387","https://openalex.org/W4391940619","https://openalex.org/W4392972228","https://openalex.org/W4393064140","https://openalex.org/W4393970811","https://openalex.org/W4396218816","https://openalex.org/W4396828482","https://openalex.org/W4396831955","https://openalex.org/W4396832024","https://openalex.org/W4396832109","https://openalex.org/W4396832581","https://openalex.org/W4396832714","https://openalex.org/W4396832847","https://openalex.org/W4396833223","https://openalex.org/W4396833704","https://openalex.org/W4396833710","https://openalex.org/W4399117263","https://openalex.org/W4399703381","https://openalex.org/W4399917606","https://openalex.org/W4400142639","https://openalex.org/W4400642958","https://openalex.org/W4403334709","https://openalex.org/W4407092965","https://openalex.org/W4407814137","https://openalex.org/W4408614977","https://openalex.org/W4409735902","https://openalex.org/W4409735927","https://openalex.org/W4409736143","https://openalex.org/W4409736326","https://openalex.org/W4409746467","https://openalex.org/W6922226874"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Design":[0],"processes":[1],"involve":[2],"exploration,":[3],"iteration,":[4],"and":[5,18,22,33,63,81,84,91,110,137,142],"movement":[6],"across":[7,93,113],"interconnected":[8],"stages":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11],"persona":[12],"creation,":[13],"problem":[14],"framing,":[15],"solution":[16],"ideation,":[17],"prototyping.":[19],"However,":[20],"time":[21],"resource":[23],"constraints":[24],"often":[25],"hinder":[26],"designers":[27],"from":[28],"exploring":[29],"broadly,":[30],"collecting":[31],"feedback,":[32],"revisiting":[34],"earlier":[35],"assumptions-making":[36],"it":[37],"difficult":[38],"to":[39,87],"uphold":[40],"core":[41],"design":[42,95,114,128],"principles":[43],"in":[44],"practice.":[45],"To":[46],"better":[47],"understand":[48],"these":[49],"challenges,":[50],"we":[51,69],"conducted":[52],"a":[53,72,78],"formative":[54],"study":[55,99],"with":[56,100],"15":[57],"participants-comprised":[58],"of":[59,121],"UX":[60],"practitioners,":[61],"students,":[62],"instructors.":[64],"Based":[65],"on":[66],"the":[67,94],"findings,":[68],"developed":[70],"StoryEnsemble,":[71],"tool":[73],"that":[74,104,134],"integrates":[75],"AI":[76,123],"into":[77],"node-link":[79],"interface":[80],"leverages":[82],"forward":[83],"backward":[85],"propagation":[86],"support":[88],"dynamic":[89],"exploration":[90,136],"iteration":[92,109,138],"process.":[96],"A":[97],"user":[98],"10":[101],"participants":[102],"showed":[103],"StoryEnsemble":[105],"enables":[106],"rapid,":[107],"multi-directional":[108],"flexible":[111],"navigation":[112],"stages.":[115],"This":[116],"work":[117],"advances":[118],"our":[119],"understanding":[120],"how":[122],"can":[124],"foster":[125],"more":[126,139],"iterative":[127],"practices":[129],"by":[130],"introducing":[131],"novel":[132],"interactions":[133],"make":[135],"fluid,":[140],"accessible,":[141],"engaging.":[143]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}