{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415000252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758516","title":"An Initial Systematic Review of eHMIs for underrepresented VRUs: Elderly, Children & People with Disabilities","display_name":"An Initial Systematic Review of eHMIs for underrepresented VRUs: Elderly, Children & People with Disabilities","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415000252","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758516"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3744335.3758516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758516","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3744335.3758516","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3744335.3758516","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013126401","display_name":"Benjamin W.J. Kwok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5217-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168639165","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01v2c2791","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Wei-Jie Kwok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre For Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5217-2969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre For Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020232654","display_name":"Thomas Goodge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-7936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Alexander Goodge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6229-7936","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119923344","display_name":"Ryan Yan-Hern Sim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168639165","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01v2c2791","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ryan Yan-Hern Sim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2936-8315","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100636633","display_name":"Kan Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3628-6699"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168639165","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01v2c2791","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kan Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3628-6699","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033754807","display_name":"Jeannie S.A. Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0262-308X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I168639165","display_name":"Singapore Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01v2c2791","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeannie Su-Ann Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0262-308X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Immersification, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I168639165"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.23684211,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"268","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9843999743461609,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10444","display_name":"Context-Aware Activity Recognition Systems","score":0.9757999777793884,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12207","display_name":"Assistive Technology in Communication and Mobility","score":0.9672999978065491,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inclusion","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/qualitative-research","display_name":"Qualitative research","score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnic-group","display_name":"Ethnic group","score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intervention","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","score":0.23680000007152557}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.46939998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109359841","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q728944","display_name":"Inclusion (mineral)","level":2,"score":0.3086000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137403100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41710","display_name":"Ethnic group","level":2,"score":0.2639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.24809999763965607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.23680000007152557}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3744335.3758516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758516","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3744335.3758516","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3744335.3758516","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758516","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3744335.3758516","source":null,"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415000252.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415000252.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1500842519","https://openalex.org/W1969923828","https://openalex.org/W1975675278","https://openalex.org/W1982077462","https://openalex.org/W2012605297","https://openalex.org/W2025150381","https://openalex.org/W2034763535","https://openalex.org/W2058715622","https://openalex.org/W2075950485","https://openalex.org/W2111628838","https://openalex.org/W2149985837","https://openalex.org/W2158568697","https://openalex.org/W2170102621","https://openalex.org/W2345690680","https://openalex.org/W2468996569","https://openalex.org/W2480448245","https://openalex.org/W2557419159","https://openalex.org/W2571455225","https://openalex.org/W2579555219","https://openalex.org/W2671993478","https://openalex.org/W2739897186","https://openalex.org/W2757876960","https://openalex.org/W2759132063","https://openalex.org/W2782064812","https://openalex.org/W2784809774","https://openalex.org/W2795538447","https://openalex.org/W2886599162","https://openalex.org/W2901419506","https://openalex.org/W2903870308","https://openalex.org/W2922896969","https://openalex.org/W2983917401","https://openalex.org/W3005759868","https://openalex.org/W3025582689","https://openalex.org/W3029469337","https://openalex.org/W3030149894","https://openalex.org/W3036215922","https://openalex.org/W3131142861","https://openalex.org/W3162502263","https://openalex.org/W3162596476","https://openalex.org/W3166427189","https://openalex.org/W3175009974","https://openalex.org/W3177225640","https://openalex.org/W3182539271","https://openalex.org/W3184077666","https://openalex.org/W4212764870","https://openalex.org/W4225004528","https://openalex.org/W4225399257","https://openalex.org/W4285132695","https://openalex.org/W4296306259","https://openalex.org/W4296782609","https://openalex.org/W4308874765","https://openalex.org/W4320066319","https://openalex.org/W4385729936","https://openalex.org/W4392372973","https://openalex.org/W4394646339","https://openalex.org/W4395664166","https://openalex.org/W4396832899","https://openalex.org/W4399668692","https://openalex.org/W4399801516","https://openalex.org/W4403083018","https://openalex.org/W4404044776","https://openalex.org/W4408857211"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"autonomous":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(AVs)":[3],"become":[4],"increasingly":[5],"integral":[6],"into":[7],"traffic":[8],"environments,":[9],"external":[10],"human-machine":[11],"interfaces":[12,82],"(eHMIs)":[13],"have":[14,39],"emerged":[15],"as":[16],"a":[17,73,96,134],"critical":[18],"topic":[19],"in":[20,124,158],"facilitating":[21],"safe":[22],"interactions":[23],"with":[24,34,61,102],"vulnerable":[25],"road":[26],"users":[27],"(VRUs),":[28],"specifically":[29],"children,":[30],"elderly,":[31],"and":[32,85,116,133,153],"persons":[33],"disabilities":[35],"(PwDs).While":[36],"recent":[37],"studies":[38,101],"explored":[40],"eHMI":[41,169],"concepts":[42],"designed":[43],"to":[44,70,79,106,149],"address":[45],"the":[46,53,58,66,75,103,107,159],"needs":[47],"of":[48,52,99,129,136,144,161],"these":[49,140],"demographics,":[50],"much":[51],"existing":[54],"research":[55,152],"centered":[56],"on":[57,65,89,111],"interface":[59,90],"solutions":[60],"less":[62],"emphasis":[63],"placed":[64],"underlying":[67],"methodologies":[68,108],"used":[69,78],"evaluate":[71,80],"them.As":[72],"result,":[74],"methodological":[76],"approaches":[77,166],"such":[81],"remaining":[83],"varied":[84],"underexamined.Rather":[86],"than":[87],"focusing":[88,110],"design":[91,131],"outcomes,":[92],"this":[93,142],"paper":[94],"presents":[95],"systematic":[97],"review":[98],"19":[100],"attention":[104],"shifted":[105],"used,":[109],"study":[112],"methodologies,":[113],"evaluation":[114,125,165],"tools,":[115],"participant":[117],"engagement":[118],"practices.The":[119],"findings":[120],"revealed":[121],"notable":[122],"inconsistencies":[123],"methods,":[126],"limited":[127],"adoption":[128],"inclusive":[130,164],"practices,":[132],"lack":[135],"standardized":[137,156],"protocols.By":[138],"highlighting":[139],"gaps,":[141],"body":[143],"work":[145],"provides":[146],"actionable":[147],"suggestions":[148],"guide":[150],"future":[151,168],"promote":[154],"more":[155],"practices":[157],"development":[160],"eHMIs":[162],"for":[163,167],"research.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}