{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415000250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758497","title":"Gaze-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction: Effects of Different Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use","display_name":"Gaze-Based Indicators of Driver Cognitive Distraction: Effects of Different Traffic Conditions and Adaptive Cruise Control Use","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415000250","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758497"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3744335.3758497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758497","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.10624","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041368708","display_name":"Ana\u00efs Halin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3743-2969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana\u00efs Halin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3743-2969","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067516436","display_name":"Adrien Deli\u00e8ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3981-6982"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adrien Deli\u00e8ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3981-6982","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006909896","display_name":"Christel Devue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-226X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christel Devue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-226X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047102584","display_name":"Marc Van Droogenbroeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-6487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","display_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","ror":"https://ror.org/00afp2z80","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Van Droogenbroeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6260-6487","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Li\u00e8ge, Li\u00e8ge, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"151","last_page":"156"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.9787999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distraction","display_name":"Distraction","score":0.9291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaze","display_name":"Gaze","score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognition","display_name":"Cognition","score":0.6344000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cruise-control","display_name":"Cruise control","score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/driving-simulator","display_name":"Driving simulator","score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/road-traffic","display_name":"Road traffic","score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eye-tracking","display_name":"Eye tracking","score":0.34880000352859497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776378700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3030775","display_name":"Distraction","level":2,"score":0.9291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779916870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14467155","display_name":"Gaze","level":2,"score":0.7649999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.6344000101089478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113168747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507295","display_name":"Cruise control","level":3,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44209998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.44029998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780689630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081815","display_name":"Driving simulator","level":2,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.38359999656677246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.3646000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985695025","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4323994","display_name":"Road traffic","level":2,"score":0.3621000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56461940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q970687","display_name":"Eye tracking","level":2,"score":0.34880000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993101085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3623000","display_name":"Mental activity","level":3,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126139899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4818236","display_name":"Attentional control","level":3,"score":0.3294999897480011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3192000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153050134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q760256","display_name":"Eye movement","level":2,"score":0.2948000133037567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61641136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1107019","display_name":"Cognitive load","level":3,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107418235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520565","display_name":"Human multitasking","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119653847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327780","display_name":"Elementary cognitive task","level":3,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778821358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2063640","display_name":"Cruise","level":2,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107464732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235781","display_name":"Adaptive control","level":3,"score":0.25060001015663147}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3744335.3758497","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3744335.3758497","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Adjunct Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.10624","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10624","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.10624","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbi.ulg.ac.be:2268/335280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/335280","pdf_url":"https://orbi.uliege.be/bitstream/2268/335280/1/Halin2025GazeBased.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400651","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Li\u00e8ge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I157674565","host_organization_name":"University of Li\u00e8ge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157674565"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"AutomotiveUI Adjunct '25: Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, 1-9 (2025-09-22); 17th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications (AutomotiveUI \u201925), du 22/09/2025 au 25/09/2025","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_5794"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.10624","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.10624","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.10624","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7072270819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2010235","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325905","funder_display_name":"Service Public de Wallonie"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325905","display_name":"Service Public de Wallonie","ror":"https://ror.org/0215gxf82"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W256788940","https://openalex.org/W1983561474","https://openalex.org/W2038704458","https://openalex.org/W2041775463","https://openalex.org/W2055566656","https://openalex.org/W2059106952","https://openalex.org/W2109578105","https://openalex.org/W2164101306","https://openalex.org/W2186851868","https://openalex.org/W2329765882","https://openalex.org/W2568458040","https://openalex.org/W2754136095","https://openalex.org/W2905142215","https://openalex.org/W2995101989","https://openalex.org/W3195948678","https://openalex.org/W3203082035","https://openalex.org/W4200313442","https://openalex.org/W4214915245","https://openalex.org/W4389473347","https://openalex.org/W4414810861"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"simulator":[2],"study,":[3],"we":[4],"investigate":[5],"how":[6],"gaze":[7,72,82,93,104,133],"parameters":[8],"reflect":[9],"driver":[10,63],"cognitive":[11,33,64],"distraction":[12,34,100],"under":[13],"varying":[14],"traffic":[15,86],"conditions":[16],"and":[17,38,70,75,105],"adaptive":[18],"cruise":[19],"control":[20],"(ACC)":[21],"use.":[22],"Participants":[23],"completed":[24],"six":[25],"driving":[26,42],"scenarios":[27],"that":[28,80,112],"combined":[29],"two":[30,59],"levels":[31,40],"of":[32,41,62,123],"(with/without":[35],"mental":[36,119,124],"calculations)":[37],"three":[39],"environment":[43],"complexity.":[44],"Throughout":[45],"the":[46,66,71,96],"experiment,":[47],"participants":[48],"were":[49],"free":[50],"to":[51,92],"activate":[52],"or":[53],"deactivate":[54],"an":[55],"ACC.":[56],"We":[57],"analyzed":[58],"gaze-based":[60],"indicators":[61],"distraction:":[65],"percent":[67],"road":[68,97,102],"center,":[69],"dispersions":[73],"(horizontal":[74],"vertical).":[76],"Our":[77],"results":[78],"show":[79],"vertical":[81,107],"dispersion":[83],"increases":[84,106],"with":[85],"complexity,":[87],"while":[88,121],"ACC":[89],"use":[90],"leads":[91],"concentration":[94],"toward":[95],"center.":[98],"Cognitive":[99],"reduces":[101],"center":[103],"dispersion.":[108],"Complementary":[109],"analyses":[110],"revealed":[111],"these":[113],"observations":[114],"actually":[115],"arise":[116],"mainly":[117],"between":[118],"calculations,":[120],"periods":[122],"calculations":[125],"are":[126],"characterized":[127],"by":[128],"a":[129],"temporary":[130],"increase":[131],"in":[132],"concentration.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}