{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410008053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598","title":"Exploring JVM Garbage Collector Testing with Event-Coverage","display_name":"Exploring JVM Garbage Collector Testing with Event-Coverage","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410008053","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3733598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/context/sis_research/article/12020/viewcontent/JVM_pvoa_cc_by.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Kai Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3879-4769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3879-4769","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100707447","display_name":"Zan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-8170"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6173-8170","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089420241","display_name":"Yingquan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-1052"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingquan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-1052","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100365555","display_name":"Junjie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-9962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3056-9962","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047258377","display_name":"Hanmo You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-7801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanmo You","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2870-7801","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Haoyu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6379-5312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","display_name":"Singapore Management University","ror":"https://ror.org/050qmg959","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haoyu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing and Information System, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","School of Computing and Information System, Singapore Management University, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6379-5312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information System, Singapore Management University, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing and Information System, Singapore Management University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yiheng Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3866-9062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiheng Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3866-9062","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing,Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005952648","display_name":"Tianchang Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2571-7190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162868743","display_name":"Tianjin University","ror":"https://ror.org/012tb2g32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianchang Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2571-7190","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Intelligence and Computing, Tianjin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162868743"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.396,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83349852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"38"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.9807999730110168,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10601","display_name":"Handwritten Text Recognition Techniques","score":0.9708999991416931,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8522039651870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage","display_name":"Garbage","score":0.5646766424179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.5148845911026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.5065721273422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/garbage-collection","display_name":"Garbage collection","score":0.4922083914279938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.30321091413497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.07551011443138123}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8522039651870728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75403996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5521979","display_name":"Garbage","level":2,"score":0.5646766424179077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.5148845911026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5065721273422241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105122174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322202","display_name":"Garbage collection","level":3,"score":0.4922083914279938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.30321091413497925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.07551011443138123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3733598","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-12020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/11018","pdf_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/context/sis_research/article/12020/viewcontent/JVM_pvoa_cc_by.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ink.library.smu.edu.sg:sis_research-12020","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/sis_research/11018","pdf_url":"https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/context/sis_research/article/12020/viewcontent/JVM_pvoa_cc_by.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401925","display_name":"Singapore Management University Institutional Knowledge (InK) (Singapore Management University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79891267","host_organization_name":"Singapore Management University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79891267"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3733598","raw_type":"Journal Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G226829636","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472310","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G279757819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12411530122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6061973920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62232001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8073827331","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62322208","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410008053.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410008053.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":66,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524395918","https://openalex.org/W1710734607","https://openalex.org/W1975328502","https://openalex.org/W1985514943","https://openalex.org/W2011762419","https://openalex.org/W2014530617","https://openalex.org/W2028080565","https://openalex.org/W2059278087","https://openalex.org/W2073125568","https://openalex.org/W2074668198","https://openalex.org/W2075675735","https://openalex.org/W2081658857","https://openalex.org/W2084659024","https://openalex.org/W2091587497","https://openalex.org/W2095558030","https://openalex.org/W2096657610","https://openalex.org/W2098203689","https://openalex.org/W2098681203","https://openalex.org/W2101464091","https://openalex.org/W2101795080","https://openalex.org/W2105655507","https://openalex.org/W2116783278","https://openalex.org/W2118373998","https://openalex.org/W2126446220","https://openalex.org/W2137934097","https://openalex.org/W2139099781","https://openalex.org/W2163937626","https://openalex.org/W2295658119","https://openalex.org/W2335082548","https://openalex.org/W2414287720","https://openalex.org/W2514538448","https://openalex.org/W2535617737","https://openalex.org/W2613534458","https://openalex.org/W2619153025","https://openalex.org/W2755259961","https://openalex.org/W2891965921","https://openalex.org/W2894923858","https://openalex.org/W2932030123","https://openalex.org/W2954978134","https://openalex.org/W2957905354","https://openalex.org/W2964241064","https://openalex.org/W2999226845","https://openalex.org/W3005566493","https://openalex.org/W3011209520","https://openalex.org/W3139409662","https://openalex.org/W3152864160","https://openalex.org/W3162962341","https://openalex.org/W3170092793","https://openalex.org/W4206462942","https://openalex.org/W4220800565","https://openalex.org/W4244916588","https://openalex.org/W4249843477","https://openalex.org/W4281613925","https://openalex.org/W4284692355","https://openalex.org/W4286331373","https://openalex.org/W4318621806","https://openalex.org/W4320060287","https://openalex.org/W4384154509","https://openalex.org/W4384155703","https://openalex.org/W4384304801","https://openalex.org/W4384345718","https://openalex.org/W4402457426","https://openalex.org/W4402758180","https://openalex.org/W4405181826","https://openalex.org/W4406386001","https://openalex.org/W6669237173"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132258996","https://openalex.org/W2245694847","https://openalex.org/W4381304378","https://openalex.org/W2188602196","https://openalex.org/W3174776489","https://openalex.org/W1700460898","https://openalex.org/W4387773637","https://openalex.org/W2808342711","https://openalex.org/W2034669405","https://openalex.org/W2785868435"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Garbage":[0],"Collection":[1],"(GC)":[2],"in":[3,21,60,68,228,265],"the":[4,32,47,56,92,127,146,158,171,181,208,217,257],"Java":[5],"Virtual":[6],"Machine":[7],"(JVM)":[8],"serves":[9],"as":[10,104],"an":[11,37,204],"automatic":[12],"memory":[13,19,209,218],"management":[14],"mechanism,":[15],"efficiently":[16],"reclaiming":[17],"unused":[18],"space":[20,211],"different":[22,61],"production":[23],"scenarios.":[24,45],"To":[25,224],"optimize":[26],"JVM":[27,120],"performance,":[28],"developers":[29],"typically":[30,88],"fine-tune":[31],"garbage":[33,51,77,130,138,154],"collector":[34],"by":[35,179,291],"identifying":[36],"optimal":[38],"set":[39],"of":[40,50,75,94,129,160,173,183,207,212,285],"GC":[41,111,161,174,184,213,222,246,281],"configurations":[42],"for":[43,58,110,176,196,239],"specific":[44],"Despite":[46],"sophisticated":[48],"design":[49,150,191],"collectors,":[52,131],"they":[53],"still":[54],"have":[55,233],"potential":[57],"bugs":[59,65],"settings,":[62],"and":[63,214,244,256,270],"these":[64,76,137,186],"can":[66],"result":[67],"more":[69],"severe":[70],"consequences.":[71],"Hence,":[72],"comprehensive":[73],"testing":[74,112,121,177,194],"collectors":[78,139,155],"is":[79,168],"imperative":[80],"before":[81],"their":[82,115],"release.":[83],"Code":[84],"coverage":[85,101,151],"criteria":[86,152],"are":[87,107],"employed":[89],"to":[90,114,135,149,169],"assess":[91],"comprehensiveness":[93],"a":[95,192,236,251],"test":[96,136],"suite.":[97],"However,":[98],"traditional":[99],"code":[100],"metrics,":[102],"such":[103],"branch":[105],"coverage,":[106],"hardly":[108],"applicable":[109],"due":[113],"inherent":[116],"concurrency.":[117],"Additionally,":[118],"existing":[119],"techniques":[122,264],"do":[123],"not":[124],"adequately":[125],"consider":[126],"characteristics":[128],"making":[132],"it":[133],"difficult":[134],"sufficiently.":[140],"In":[141],"this":[142],"article,":[143],"we":[144,190,232],"make":[145],"first":[147],"effort":[148],"against":[153],"based":[156],"on":[157],"events":[159,185],"called":[162,199],"Event-Coverage":[163,198,255],".":[164,201],"Its":[165],"key":[166],"insight":[167],"measure":[170],"diversity":[172],"executions":[175,187],"purposes":[178],"assessing":[180],"range":[182],"cover.":[188],"Furthermore,":[189],"new":[193],"method":[195],"maximizing":[197],"GCFuzz":[200,202,261,275],"conducts":[203],"exhaustive":[205],"investigation":[206],"state":[210,219],"thoroughly":[215],"explores":[216],"under":[220],"various":[221],"configurations.":[223,247],"enhance":[225],"GCFuzz\u2019s":[226],"efficiency":[227],"achieving":[229,271],"higher":[230,272],"Event-Coverage,":[231],"further":[234],"designed":[235],"coverage-driven":[237],"strategy":[238],"preserving":[240],"candidate":[241],"seed":[242],"programs":[243],"selecting":[245],"Extensive":[248],"evaluations":[249],"demonstrate":[250],"positive":[252],"correlation":[253],"between":[254],"bug-revealing":[258],"efficiency.":[259],"Moreover,":[260],"outperforms":[262],"state-of-the-art":[263],"detecting":[266],"unique":[267],"GC-related":[268],"inconsistencies":[269],"Event-Coverage.":[273],"Remarkably,":[274],"has":[276],"identified":[277],"20":[278],"previously":[279],"undetected":[280],"bugs,":[282],"with":[283],"15":[284],"them":[286],"already":[287],"confirmed":[288],"or":[289],"fixed":[290],"developers.":[292]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}