{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409920357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732933","title":"Sound Static Data Race Verification for C: Is the Race Lost?","display_name":"Sound Static Data Race Verification for C: Is the Race Lost?","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409920357","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732933"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3732933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732933","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3732933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3732933","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040217046","display_name":"Karoliine Holter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3725-4131"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karoliine Holter","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","University of Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3725-4131","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005162193","display_name":"Simmo Saan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-1350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simmo Saan","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","University of Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4553-1350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016375266","display_name":"Patrick Lam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-5400"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Lam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","University of Waterloo, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8278-5400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Waterloo, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034095003","display_name":"Vesal Vojdani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4336-7980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I56085075","display_name":"University of Tartu","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90","country_code":"EE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}],"countries":["EE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vesal Vojdani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","University of Tartu, Estonia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4336-7980","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Tartu, Estonia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I56085075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7437,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7287192,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"40"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9850000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9832000136375427,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11349","display_name":"Music Technology and Sound Studies","score":0.972599983215332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8707699775695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"Race (biology)","score":0.7705234885215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sound","display_name":"Sound (geography)","score":0.5278917551040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arms-race","display_name":"Arms race","score":0.4582712948322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11267390847206116}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8707699775695801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.7705234885215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203718221","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q491713","display_name":"Sound (geography)","level":2,"score":0.5278917551040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989419327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322348","display_name":"Arms race","level":2,"score":0.4582712948322296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11267390847206116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6303427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47398","display_name":"Economic history","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3732933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732933","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3732933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3732933","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732933","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3732933","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41449414","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","issn_l":"0164-0925","issn":["0164-0925","1558-4593"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2559403696","display_name":"Foundations of Secure Digital Solutions and Artificial Intelligence","funder_award_id":"TEM-TA119","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321090","funder_display_name":"Eesti Teadusagentuur"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3915529232","display_name":"Explainable Verification","funder_award_id":"PRG2764","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321090","funder_display_name":"Eesti Teadusagentuur"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321090","display_name":"Eesti Teadusagentuur","ror":"https://ror.org/00jjeja18"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324717","display_name":"Tartu \u00dclikool","ror":"https://ror.org/03z77qz90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409920357.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409920357.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":86,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13186636","https://openalex.org/W158711440","https://openalex.org/W814172419","https://openalex.org/W831708374","https://openalex.org/W1478599539","https://openalex.org/W1501058160","https://openalex.org/W1878516092","https://openalex.org/W1916257639","https://openalex.org/W1923608483","https://openalex.org/W1992114977","https://openalex.org/W1998215308","https://openalex.org/W2025577256","https://openalex.org/W2025819261","https://openalex.org/W2043811931","https://openalex.org/W2045238089","https://openalex.org/W2046699259","https://openalex.org/W2055084740","https://openalex.org/W2060345611","https://openalex.org/W2140927311","https://openalex.org/W2149907859","https://openalex.org/W2152885346","https://openalex.org/W2154557525","https://openalex.org/W2155877593","https://openalex.org/W2161253570","https://openalex.org/W2170227938","https://openalex.org/W2246524736","https://openalex.org/W2294085393","https://openalex.org/W2367183013","https://openalex.org/W2508576555","https://openalex.org/W2513640037","https://openalex.org/W2514084604","https://openalex.org/W2556205142","https://openalex.org/W2564084474","https://openalex.org/W2750327884","https://openalex.org/W2765527199","https://openalex.org/W2767365245","https://openalex.org/W2767677146","https://openalex.org/W2788806342","https://openalex.org/W2794859654","https://openalex.org/W2884326032","https://openalex.org/W2888321432","https://openalex.org/W2898791916","https://openalex.org/W2899833378","https://openalex.org/W2914209329","https://openalex.org/W2929483929","https://openalex.org/W2930652247","https://openalex.org/W2956182160","https://openalex.org/W3016553493","https://openalex.org/W3034030180","https://openalex.org/W3104985640","https://openalex.org/W3122058811","https://openalex.org/W3136640119","https://openalex.org/W3174107386","https://openalex.org/W3174250772","https://openalex.org/W3207402727","https://openalex.org/W3209360353","https://openalex.org/W4213327646","https://openalex.org/W4225134668","https://openalex.org/W4225474367","https://openalex.org/W4225528709","https://openalex.org/W4225557924","https://openalex.org/W4225751037","https://openalex.org/W4226029302","https://openalex.org/W4229635525","https://openalex.org/W4230509083","https://openalex.org/W4233410239","https://openalex.org/W4234066571","https://openalex.org/W4239863959","https://openalex.org/W4247177090","https://openalex.org/W4249000722","https://openalex.org/W4251803824","https://openalex.org/W4255537051","https://openalex.org/W4281968516","https://openalex.org/W4297039634","https://openalex.org/W4366447030","https://openalex.org/W4366448931","https://openalex.org/W4366449580","https://openalex.org/W4366451152","https://openalex.org/W4384345830","https://openalex.org/W4385373541","https://openalex.org/W4389158953","https://openalex.org/W4392963218","https://openalex.org/W4393942723","https://openalex.org/W4403492851","https://openalex.org/W4405855637","https://openalex.org/W6911705425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2492471733","https://openalex.org/W4365393563","https://openalex.org/W4395679069","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W3013012681","https://openalex.org/W2795478672","https://openalex.org/W2054736617"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Sound":[0],"static":[1,35,244],"data":[2,25,245],"race":[3,26,36,59,150,195,246],"freedom":[4,37,60,151,196,247],"verification":[5,38,117],"has":[6],"been":[7],"a":[8,20,43,64,76],"long-standing":[9],"challenge":[10],"in":[11,57,120,163],"the":[12,51,100,109,132,135,141,172,190,200,210,232],"field":[13],"of":[14,67,78,131,140,171,199],"programming":[15],"languages.":[16],"While":[17],"actively":[18],"researched":[19],"decade":[21],"ago,":[22],"most":[23],"practical":[24],"detection":[27],"tools":[28,118,174,193],"have":[29,218],"since":[30],"abandoned":[31],"soundness.":[32],"Is":[33],"sound":[34,115],"for":[39,99,197],"real-world":[40,68,136,182,227],"C":[41],"programs":[42,69,202],"lost":[44],"cause?":[45],"In":[46],"this":[47],"work,":[48],"we":[49,112,158],"investigate":[50],"obstacles":[52],"to":[53,85,176,224,239],"making":[54],"significant":[55,161],"progress":[56,241],"automated":[58,116,149,243],"verification.":[61,86,248],"We":[62,87,212],"selected":[63],"benchmark":[65],"suite":[66],"and,":[70],"as":[71,91,96],"our":[72,185],"primary":[73],"contribution,":[74],"extracted":[75],"set":[77],"coding":[79,143],"idioms":[80,90,125],"that":[81,153,215,235],"represent":[82],"fundamental":[83,222],"barriers":[84,223,230],"expressed":[88],"these":[89,124],"micro-benchmarks":[92],"and":[93,126,168,203,221],"contributed":[94],"them":[95],"evaluation":[97],"tasks":[98],"International":[101],"Competition":[102],"on":[103,123,134,180,209,242],"Software":[104],"Verification,":[105],"SV-COMP.":[106],"To":[107],"understand":[108],"current":[110],"state,":[111],"measure":[113],"how":[114],"competing":[119],"SV-COMP":[121],"perform":[122],"also":[127,159],"when":[128],"used":[129],"out":[130],"box":[133],"programs.":[137,228],"For":[138],"8":[139],"20":[142],"idioms,":[144],"there":[145],"does":[146],"exist":[147],"an":[148],"verifier":[152],"can":[154],"verify":[155],"it;":[156],"however,":[157],"found":[160],"unsoundness":[162],"leading":[164],"verifiers,":[165],"including":[166],"Goblint":[167],"Deagle.":[169],"Five":[170],"seven":[173],"failed":[175],"return":[177],"any":[178,181],"result":[179],"benchmarks":[183],"under":[184],"chosen":[186],"resource":[187],"limitations,":[188],"with":[189],"remaining":[191],"two":[192],"verifying":[194],"2":[198],"18":[201],"crashing":[204],"or":[205],"returning":[206],"inconclusive":[207],"results":[208],"others.":[211],"thus":[213],"show":[214],"state-of-the-art":[216],"verifiers":[217],"both":[219],"superficial":[220],"correctly":[225],"analyzing":[226],"These":[229],"constitute":[231],"open":[233],"problems":[234],"must":[236],"be":[237],"solved":[238],"make":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-01T09:00:35.917206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}