{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410431126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732777","title":"A Survey on Failure Analysis and Fault Injection in AI Systems","display_name":"A Survey on Failure Analysis and Fault Injection in AI Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410431126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3732777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075077822","display_name":"Guangba Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-9088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangba Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-9088","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103100971","display_name":"G. Tan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6580-1470"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gou Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6580-1470","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113275902","display_name":"Haojia Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haojia Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5592-7782","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhenyu Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5130-0567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenyu Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5130-0567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335060","display_name":"Pengfei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-6900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0972-6900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034602812","display_name":"Roberto Natella","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-4824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Natella","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy","Federico II University of Naples, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1084-4824","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Federico II University of Naples, Italy","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000582109","display_name":"Zibin Zheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-4330"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zibin Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China","Sun Yat-sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7878-4330","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sun Yat-sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069596903","display_name":"Michael R. Lyu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3666-5798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Lyu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","Chinese University of Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3666-5798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese University of Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.4263,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97425671,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"42"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7314240336418152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.4940631687641144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10163149237632751}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7314240336418152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.4940631687641144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10163149237632751}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3732777","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3732777","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":157,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1940171866","https://openalex.org/W1966021031","https://openalex.org/W1966243865","https://openalex.org/W1975675278","https://openalex.org/W1979951430","https://openalex.org/W1997600725","https://openalex.org/W1999900893","https://openalex.org/W2025024269","https://openalex.org/W2027716782","https://openalex.org/W2033589075","https://openalex.org/W2053154970","https://openalex.org/W2063230188","https://openalex.org/W2135841285","https://openalex.org/W2145071552","https://openalex.org/W2147163354","https://openalex.org/W2150634791","https://openalex.org/W2156138494","https://openalex.org/W2164463086","https://openalex.org/W2252608406","https://openalex.org/W2315690997","https://openalex.org/W2318507312","https://openalex.org/W2397620706","https://openalex.org/W2523146812","https://openalex.org/W2605277893","https://openalex.org/W2735162286","https://openalex.org/W2755402962","https://openalex.org/W2767260595","https://openalex.org/W2767346922","https://openalex.org/W2770542984","https://openalex.org/W2792833030","https://openalex.org/W2799640043","https://openalex.org/W2805566940","https://openalex.org/W2847284300","https://openalex.org/W2850992922","https://openalex.org/W2883087177","https://openalex.org/W2886698796","https://openalex.org/W2901085837","https://openalex.org/W2913292019","https://openalex.org/W2944349874","https://openalex.org/W2944436223","https://openalex.org/W2963396341","https://openalex.org/W2963934162","https://openalex.org/W2968594320","https://openalex.org/W2970490659","https://openalex.org/W2981151545","https://openalex.org/W2985374077","https://openalex.org/W2998879364","https://openalex.org/W3000442532","https://openalex.org/W3003253354","https://openalex.org/W3004735627","https://openalex.org/W3005780259","https://openalex.org/W3010782494","https://openalex.org/W3013082216","https://openalex.org/W3015625436","https://openalex.org/W3016108562","https://openalex.org/W3016678144","https://openalex.org/W3034619610","https://openalex.org/W3046764219","https://openalex.org/W3087775079","https://openalex.org/W3088735455","https://openalex.org/W3089397612","https://openalex.org/W3090643686","https://openalex.org/W3095983965","https://openalex.org/W3101271453","https://openalex.org/W3103386085","https://openalex.org/W3118773398","https://openalex.org/W3118813946","https://openalex.org/W3120394327","https://openalex.org/W3120468333","https://openalex.org/W3121301634","https://openalex.org/W3121678941","https://openalex.org/W3129927603","https://openalex.org/W3151762208","https://openalex.org/W3155331679","https://openalex.org/W3162285135","https://openalex.org/W3167531718","https://openalex.org/W3178469298","https://openalex.org/W3183412027","https://openalex.org/W3187552919","https://openalex.org/W3188148060","https://openalex.org/W3190774216","https://openalex.org/W3196239222","https://openalex.org/W3197312262","https://openalex.org/W3207431242","https://openalex.org/W3211999566","https://openalex.org/W3213822864","https://openalex.org/W4206199830","https://openalex.org/W4211246121","https://openalex.org/W4220836561","https://openalex.org/W4220891756","https://openalex.org/W4226017353","https://openalex.org/W4226207655","https://openalex.org/W4226323522","https://openalex.org/W4229005866","https://openalex.org/W4244241786","https://openalex.org/W4280619532","https://openalex.org/W4283791586","https://openalex.org/W4285097780","https://openalex.org/W4285355904","https://openalex.org/W4285820867","https://openalex.org/W4286530553","https://openalex.org/W4287883233","https://openalex.org/W4288064558","https://openalex.org/W4292265058","https://openalex.org/W4295690048","https://openalex.org/W4296691523","https://openalex.org/W4298703543","https://openalex.org/W4307926351","https://openalex.org/W4308361824","https://openalex.org/W4308643468","https://openalex.org/W4312536876","https://openalex.org/W4312618089","https://openalex.org/W4312757284","https://openalex.org/W4312924446","https://openalex.org/W4312990900","https://openalex.org/W4313433600","https://openalex.org/W4313547562","https://openalex.org/W4321472057","https://openalex.org/W4321480242","https://openalex.org/W4327594616","https://openalex.org/W4362656192","https://openalex.org/W4367360161","https://openalex.org/W4376505605","https://openalex.org/W4378418585","https://openalex.org/W4378465191","https://openalex.org/W4378765272","https://openalex.org/W4379537862","https://openalex.org/W4380353722","https://openalex.org/W4381612905","https://openalex.org/W4383888873","https://openalex.org/W4384158973","https://openalex.org/W4384302765","https://openalex.org/W4384345619","https://openalex.org/W4384345694","https://openalex.org/W4384345708","https://openalex.org/W4385187279","https://openalex.org/W4385730864","https://openalex.org/W4385730874","https://openalex.org/W4386436496","https://openalex.org/W4388886073","https://openalex.org/W4389141459","https://openalex.org/W4389158350","https://openalex.org/W4389158453","https://openalex.org/W4389158525","https://openalex.org/W4389159650","https://openalex.org/W4390187819","https://openalex.org/W4391326596","https://openalex.org/W4391342255","https://openalex.org/W4391661647","https://openalex.org/W4392619028","https://openalex.org/W4393157467","https://openalex.org/W4394867192","https://openalex.org/W4399511799","https://openalex.org/W4401643074","https://openalex.org/W4401991308","https://openalex.org/W4405939863","https://openalex.org/W4407832416"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"advancement":[2],"of":[3,31,58,66,84,93,119,142,149,192],"AI":[4,32,72,94,114,143,193],"has":[5,34],"led":[6],"to":[7,50,101,165,188],"its":[8],"integration":[9],"into":[10],"various":[11],"areas,":[12],"especially":[13],"with":[14],"Large":[15],"Language":[16],"Models":[17],"(LLMs)":[18],"significantly":[19],"enhancing":[20],"capabilities":[21,148],"in":[22,71,113,178,185],"Artificial":[23],"Intelligence":[24],"Generated":[25],"Content":[26],"(AIGC).":[27],"However,":[28],"the":[29,56,110,131,147,166,176,190],"complexity":[30],"systems":[33],"also":[35],"exposed":[36],"their":[37],"vulnerabilities,":[38],"necessitating":[39],"robust":[40],"methods":[41],"for":[42,172,183],"Failure":[43],"Analysis":[44],"(FA)":[45],"and":[46,53,68,87,134,153,158,180],"Fault":[47],"Injection":[48],"(FI)":[49],"ensure":[51],"resilience":[52,191],"reliability.":[54],"Despite":[55],"importance":[57],"these":[59],"techniques,":[60],"there":[61],"lacks":[62],"a":[63,81,140,170],"comprehensive":[64],"review":[65],"FA":[67,86],"FI":[69,88,123,151,186],"methodologies":[70],"systems.":[73,95,194],"This":[74],"study":[75],"fills":[76],"this":[77,162],"gap":[78],"by":[79,168],"presenting":[80],"detailed":[82],"survey":[83,163],"existing":[85,150],"approaches":[89],"across":[90],"six":[91],"layers":[92],"We":[96],"systematically":[97],"analyze":[98],"142":[99],"studies":[100],"answer":[102],"three":[103],"research":[104],"questions":[105],"including":[106],"(1)":[107],"what":[108,117,127],"are":[109],"prevalent":[111],"failures":[112],"systems,":[115],"(2)":[116],"types":[118],"faults":[120,133],"can":[121],"current":[122],"tools":[124],"simulate,":[125],"(3)":[126],"gaps":[128],"exist":[129],"between":[130,156],"simulated":[132,159],"real-world":[135,157],"failures.":[136,160],"Our":[137],"findings":[138],"reveal":[139],"taxonomy":[141],"system":[144],"failures,":[145],"assess":[146],"tools,":[152],"highlight":[154],"discrepancies":[155],"Moreover,":[161],"contributes":[164],"field":[167],"providing":[169],"framework":[171],"fault":[173],"diagnosis,":[174],"evaluating":[175],"state-of-the-art":[177],"FI,":[179],"identifying":[181],"areas":[182],"improvement":[184],"techniques":[187],"enhance":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}