{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411631857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731715.3733318","title":"Edge-Aware Network with Confidence Feature Fusion for Infrared Small Target Detection","display_name":"Edge-Aware Network with Confidence Feature Fusion for Infrared Small Target Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411631857","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731715.3733318"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731715.3733318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731715.3733318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074379763","display_name":"Boyuan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8192-6904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Boyuan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112250476","display_name":"Zehui Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-2604-6282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zitong Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100663885","display_name":"Xiuhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5327-0907"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiuhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066506917","display_name":"Kurban Ubul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7566-6494"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I96908189","display_name":"Xinjiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/059gw8r13","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kurban Ubul","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Urumqi, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multilingual Information Technology, Urumqi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074379763"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I96908189"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.1063,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94480424,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"752","last_page":"759"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6398903131484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.628070592880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.586178183555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5453802943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5253697633743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fusion","display_name":"Fusion","score":0.5154903531074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/infrared","display_name":"Infrared","score":0.49646908044815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4327770471572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-fusion","display_name":"Sensor fusion","score":0.4265921711921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4223206043243408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-detection","display_name":"Edge detection","score":0.41206085681915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-processing","display_name":"Image processing","score":0.12483429908752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.09871840476989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.08012312650680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06641197204589844}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6398903131484985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.628070592880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.586178183555603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5453802943229675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5253697633743286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158525013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2593739","display_name":"Fusion","level":2,"score":0.5154903531074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158355884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11388","display_name":"Infrared","level":2,"score":0.49646908044815063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4327770471572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33954974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486494","display_name":"Sensor fusion","level":2,"score":0.4265921711921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4223206043243408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193536780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1513153","display_name":"Edge detection","level":4,"score":0.41206085681915283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9417928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1070689","display_name":"Image processing","level":3,"score":0.12483429908752441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.09871840476989746},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.08012312650680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06641197204589844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731715.3733318","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731715.3733318","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 International Conference on Multimedia Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5740117558","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62266044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974872009","https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1992873714","https://openalex.org/W2006851788","https://openalex.org/W2041560658","https://openalex.org/W2080197848","https://openalex.org/W2476118598","https://openalex.org/W2578504242","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2776575223","https://openalex.org/W2900678331","https://openalex.org/W2908743003","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W2942839421","https://openalex.org/W2991758591","https://openalex.org/W3035459165","https://openalex.org/W3039443125","https://openalex.org/W3118249006","https://openalex.org/W3171950886","https://openalex.org/W4205894295","https://openalex.org/W4212863773","https://openalex.org/W4312505779","https://openalex.org/W4313065862","https://openalex.org/W4313506322","https://openalex.org/W4317794940","https://openalex.org/W4362500629","https://openalex.org/W4376607843","https://openalex.org/W4382401167","https://openalex.org/W4386918950","https://openalex.org/W4387490583","https://openalex.org/W4391248600","https://openalex.org/W4391974532","https://openalex.org/W4399360729","https://openalex.org/W4399459358","https://openalex.org/W4401202483","https://openalex.org/W4402733568","https://openalex.org/W4402982192","https://openalex.org/W4403295599","https://openalex.org/W4404635233","https://openalex.org/W4405046841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2132659060","https://openalex.org/W2031992971","https://openalex.org/W3214791684","https://openalex.org/W2315652488","https://openalex.org/W2028037572","https://openalex.org/W2039365229","https://openalex.org/W65623452","https://openalex.org/W2152662039","https://openalex.org/W2145843506","https://openalex.org/W4293054829"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Infrared":[0],"Small":[1],"Target":[2],"Detection":[3],"(IRSTD)":[4],"plays":[5],"a":[6,93,104,158,192],"critical":[7,180],"role":[8],"in":[9,43,49,182,191],"various":[10,216],"fields":[11,141],"such":[12],"as":[13],"military":[14],"surveillance,":[15],"autonomous":[16],"driving,":[17],"and":[18,31,65,109,142,208,228],"environmental":[19],"monitoring.":[20],"However,":[21],"traditional":[22],"IRSTD":[23,52],"methods":[24],"often":[25,63],"face":[26],"high":[27],"false":[28],"alarm":[29],"rates":[30],"missed":[32,77],"detections":[33,78],"when":[34,72],"dealing":[35],"with":[36,138],"complex":[37,217],"backgrounds,":[38],"significantly":[39,204],"limiting":[40],"their":[41],"effectiveness":[42],"real-world":[44],"applications.":[45],"Although":[46],"recent":[47],"advancements":[48],"deep":[50,166],"learning-based":[51],"techniques":[53],"have":[54],"achieved":[55],"remarkable":[56],"progress,":[57],"the":[58,99,122,153,175,183,201],"detected":[59],"target":[60,184,195],"edges":[61],"are":[62],"unclear":[64],"tend":[66],"to":[67,82,112,146,169,177],"be":[68],"overly":[69],"smooth.":[70],"Additionally,":[71],"detecting":[73],"extremely":[74],"small":[75,213],"targets,":[76,126],"remain":[79],"prevalent":[80],"due":[81],"interference":[83],"from":[84],"background":[85,188],"clutter.":[86],"To":[87,119],"address":[88],"these":[89],"issues,":[90],"we":[91,127,156],"propose":[92,128,157],"novel":[94],"Edge-Aware":[95],"Network":[96],"(EANet).":[97],"In":[98,152],"encoder":[100],"stage,":[101,155],"EANet":[102,203],"employs":[103],"combination":[105],"of":[106,125,225],"residual":[107],"blocks":[108],"max-pooling":[110],"layers":[111,137],"extract":[113],"feature":[114,160],"maps":[115],"containing":[116],"multi-scale":[117],"information.":[118],"further":[120],"enhance":[121],"edge":[123],"features":[124,181],"an":[129],"edge-aware":[130],"enhancement":[131],"module":[132,162],"(EAEM),":[133],"which":[134,164],"integrates":[135],"convolutional":[136],"different":[139,226],"receptive":[140],"central":[143],"difference":[144],"convolution":[145],"effectively":[147],"improve":[148],"boundary":[149],"segmentation":[150,209],"accuracy.":[151],"decoder":[154],"confidence":[159],"fusion":[161],"(CFFM),":[163],"incorporates":[165],"saliency":[167],"information":[168],"guide":[170],"shallow":[171],"features.":[172],"This":[173],"enables":[174],"network":[176],"focus":[178],"on":[179],"regions":[185],"while":[186],"suppressing":[187],"noise,":[189],"resulting":[190],"more":[193],"complete":[194],"shape.":[196],"Experimental":[197],"results":[198],"demonstrate":[199],"that":[200],"proposed":[202],"improves":[205],"detection":[206],"accuracy":[207],"performance":[210],"for":[211,223],"infrared":[212],"targets":[214,224],"under":[215,229],"scenarios.":[218],"It":[219],"performs":[220],"exceptionally":[221],"well":[222],"scales":[227],"low":[230],"signal-to-noise":[231],"ratio":[232],"conditions.":[233]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}