{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416004151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705","title":"On the Performance and Scalability of Cloud Supercomputers: Insights from Eagle and Reindeer","display_name":"On the Performance and Scalability of Cloud Supercomputers: Insights from Eagle and Reindeer","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416004151","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731599.3767705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SC '25 Workshops of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045584135","display_name":"Amirreza Rastegari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-2465"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105678","display_name":"Microsoft (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01nehjf29","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210105678"]}],"countries":["FI","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amirreza Rastegari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Saint Paul, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2637-2465","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Saint Paul, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105678","https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108700962","display_name":"Prabhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-5186"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105678","display_name":"Microsoft (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/01nehjf29","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210105678"]}],"countries":["FI","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabhat Ram","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, San Francisco, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3281-5186","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, San Francisco, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210105678"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017701246","display_name":"Michael F. Ringenburg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-0754"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael F. Ringenburg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5119-0754","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3589,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92118988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1554","last_page":"1563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.5778999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.5778999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.06539999693632126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14347","display_name":"Big Data and Digital Economy","score":0.05939999967813492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.8718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.67330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.45739999413490295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.8718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7609999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.67330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6708999872207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5870000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.4794999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81293917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4189534","display_name":"System deployment","level":3,"score":0.38929998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35690000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31352089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3750474","display_name":"Systems design","level":2,"score":0.27730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185410017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7171778","display_name":"Petascale computing","level":3,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2551000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.25110000371932983}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731599.3767705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SC '25 Workshops of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731599.3767705","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731599.3767705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the SC '25 Workshops of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W265298701","https://openalex.org/W1133087070","https://openalex.org/W1946080187","https://openalex.org/W2006873183","https://openalex.org/W2036726385","https://openalex.org/W2108376207","https://openalex.org/W2150981663","https://openalex.org/W2318550784","https://openalex.org/W2592623645","https://openalex.org/W3096378956","https://openalex.org/W3201073812","https://openalex.org/W3209219382","https://openalex.org/W4243474409","https://openalex.org/W4311080305","https://openalex.org/W4317602012","https://openalex.org/W4362566335","https://openalex.org/W4382360174","https://openalex.org/W4386810251","https://openalex.org/W4388581267"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"launch":[1],"of":[2,23,35],"Eagle,":[3],"Azure\u2019s":[4],"hyper-scale":[5],"supercomputer":[6],"and":[7,42],"the":[8,13,20],"Number":[9],"3":[10],"system":[11,40],"on":[12],"TOP500":[14],"list":[15],"in":[16,26,38],"November":[17],"2023,":[18],"demonstrated":[19],"increasing":[21],"role":[22],"cloud":[24],"platforms":[25],"high-performance":[27],"computing.":[28],"Cloud":[29],"providers":[30],"employ":[31],"a":[32],"diverse":[33],"set":[34],"deployment":[36],"strategies":[37],"their":[39],"design":[41],"planning,":[43],"ranging":[44],"from":[45],"hyper-scale,":[46],"single-location":[47],"supercomputers":[48],"to":[49],"widely":[50],"replicated,":[51],"smaller-scale":[52],"systems.":[53]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-11-07T00:00:00"}