{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414735877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818","title":"LithOS: An Operating System for Efficient Machine Learning on GPUs","display_name":"LithOS: An Operating System for Efficient Machine Learning on GPUs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414735877","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731569.3764818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 31st Symposium on Operating Systems Principles","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010286452","display_name":"Patrick H. Coppock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7101-6961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Patrick H. Coppock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7101-6961","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043826158","display_name":"Brian Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3190-3129","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095044702","display_name":"Eliot H. Solomon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0570-183X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eliot H. Solomon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0570-183X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093218089","display_name":"Vasilis Kypriotis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9732-3360"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasilis Kypriotis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9732-3360","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041666592","display_name":"Leon Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leon Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5702-7687","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012688216","display_name":"Bikash Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8347-8207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bikash Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8347-8207","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062595209","display_name":"Dan Schatzberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0945-4429"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099336","display_name":"Menlo School","ror":"https://ror.org/01240pn49","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Schatzberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0945-4429","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Meta, Menlo Park, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099336"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076667915","display_name":"Todd C. Mowry","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-5684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd C. Mowry","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4076-5684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102931209","display_name":"Dimitrios Skarlatos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-5499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Skarlatos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0289-5499","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010286452"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.5209,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97729141,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-operating-system","display_name":"Real-time operating system","score":0.2827000021934509}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7846999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.46389999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.42080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.398499995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.3718000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3671000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3077000081539154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28472234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213666","display_name":"Real-time operating system","level":2,"score":0.2827000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.27480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34585555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368723","display_name":"Learning curve","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50292564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2462783","display_name":"Computational learning theory","level":3,"score":0.25440001487731934}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731569.3764818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 31st Symposium on Operating Systems Principles","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731569.3764818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731569.3764818","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM SIGOPS 31st Symposium on Operating Systems Principles","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2013100386","https://openalex.org/W2322411027","https://openalex.org/W2734941459","https://openalex.org/W2915025126","https://openalex.org/W3207160066","https://openalex.org/W4205983429","https://openalex.org/W4213153339","https://openalex.org/W4230349443","https://openalex.org/W4234259925","https://openalex.org/W4236111678","https://openalex.org/W4236965008","https://openalex.org/W4242509916","https://openalex.org/W4245602507","https://openalex.org/W4308426104","https://openalex.org/W4313229743","https://openalex.org/W4387302738","https://openalex.org/W4391558518","https://openalex.org/W4394907705","https://openalex.org/W4398239361","https://openalex.org/W4399074329","https://openalex.org/W4399117355","https://openalex.org/W4405418476","https://openalex.org/W4408049610","https://openalex.org/W4409248734"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"rapid":[1],"growth":[2],"of":[3,17],"machine":[4],"learning":[5],"(ML)":[6],"has":[7],"made":[8],"GPUs":[9],"indispensable":[10],"in":[11],"datacenters":[12],"and":[13,43],"underscores":[14],"the":[15],"urgency":[16],"improving":[18],"their":[19],"efficiency.":[20],"However,":[21],"balancing":[22],"diverse":[23],"model":[24],"demands":[25],"with":[26],"high":[27],"utilization":[28],"remains":[29],"a":[30,53,57],"fundamental":[31],"challenge.":[32],"Transparent,":[33],"fine-grained":[34],"GPU":[35,58],"resource":[36],"management":[37],"that":[38],"maximizes":[39],"utilization,":[40],"energy":[41],"efficiency,":[42],"isolation":[44],"requires":[45],"an":[46],"OS":[47],"approach.":[48],"This":[49],"paper":[50],"introduces":[51],"LithOS,":[52],"first":[54],"step":[55],"towards":[56],"OS.":[59]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}