{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414210815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576","title":"CarbonEdge: Leveraging Mesoscale Spatial Carbon-Intensity Variations for Low Carbon Edge Computing","display_name":"CarbonEdge: Leveraging Mesoscale Spatial Carbon-Intensity Variations for Low Carbon Edge Computing","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414210815","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731545.3731576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100326378","display_name":"Wu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-1517"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-1517","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090531845","display_name":"Walid A. Hanafy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-8194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Walid A. Hanafy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5765-8194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049340434","display_name":"Abel Souza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6952-1195"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185103710","display_name":"University of California, Santa Cruz","ror":"https://ror.org/03s65by71","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abel Souza","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6952-1195","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185103710"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Khai Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2540-055X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khai Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2540-055X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054681723","display_name":"Jan Harkes","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-8050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Harkes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-8050","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059310848","display_name":"David Irwin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-4927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Irwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1722-4927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052227093","display_name":"Mahadev Satyanarayanan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-2049"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahadev Satyanarayanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-2049","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032939724","display_name":"Prashant Shenoy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-1901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prashant Shenoy","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5435-1901","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12238","display_name":"Green IT and Sustainability","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.978600025177002,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.7469000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.6243000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.6144999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mesoscale-meteorology","display_name":"Mesoscale meteorology","score":0.5810999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.5486999750137329}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.7469000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.6243000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.6144999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40382383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2399824","display_name":"Mesoscale meteorology","level":2,"score":0.5810999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5685999989509583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.5486999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.45419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140205800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5860","display_name":"Carbon fibers","level":3,"score":0.44209998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.44029998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138236772","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25098575","display_name":"Edge device","level":3,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93038891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1061524","display_name":"Intensity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731545.3731576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731545.3731576","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731545.3731576","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 34th International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1235962308","display_name":"Collaborative Research: CNS Core: Medium: IoCT:  System Mechanisms for Enabling an Internet of Collaborative Things","funder_award_id":"2211302","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1368418627","display_name":"Collaborative Research: NGSDI: CarbonFirst: A Sustainable and Reliable Carbon-Centric Cloud-Edge Software Infrastructure","funder_award_id":"2105494","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3575947144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DE-EE0010143","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5688242767","display_name":"CCRI: New: A Community Testbed for Designing Carbon-Efficient Cloud Applications","funder_award_id":"2213636","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6057006769","display_name":"CNS Core: Medium:Model-driven Resource Management for Avoiding Performance Pitfalls in Edge Computing","funder_award_id":"2211888","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7292595335","display_name":"CNS Core: Medium: A User-centric Adaptation Framework for Edge-Native Applications","funder_award_id":"2106862","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7648718735","display_name":"National Science Foundation Expeditions in Computing for Computational Decarbonization of Societal Infrastructures at Mesoscales","funder_award_id":"2325956","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8036639924","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"19250001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306084","display_name":"U.S. Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977661221","https://openalex.org/W1999971903","https://openalex.org/W2135099885","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2568772110","https://openalex.org/W2894009982","https://openalex.org/W2900504162","https://openalex.org/W2913704108","https://openalex.org/W2932305125","https://openalex.org/W3000194269","https://openalex.org/W3080927554","https://openalex.org/W3096543861","https://openalex.org/W4281971810","https://openalex.org/W4306786794","https://openalex.org/W4318541689","https://openalex.org/W4321392480","https://openalex.org/W4366564134","https://openalex.org/W4380987945","https://openalex.org/W4382142107","https://openalex.org/W4388184662","https://openalex.org/W4393177837","https://openalex.org/W4394923323","https://openalex.org/W4394999098","https://openalex.org/W4404385507","https://openalex.org/W4404400709","https://openalex.org/W4405756335","https://openalex.org/W4409537484"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"proliferation":[1],"of":[2,118,188],"latency-critical":[3],"and":[4,14,50,137,146,154,190,195],"compute-intensive":[5],"edge":[6,98,112,119,123,143,152,176],"applications":[7],"is":[8],"driving":[9],"increases":[10],"in":[11,48,54,96,178,192],"computing":[12,99,113,144],"demand":[13],"carbon":[15,23,31,55,66,128],"emissions":[16,24,129,168],"at":[17,25,34,57,74,83],"the":[18,26,97,116,193,200],"edge.":[19],"To":[20],"better":[21],"understand":[22],"edge,":[27],"we":[28,105],"analyze":[29],"granular":[30],"intensity":[32,56,67],"traces":[33],"intermediate":[35],"\"mesoscales,\"":[36],"such":[37],"as":[38],"within":[39],"a":[40,108,141,160,174],"single":[41],"US":[42,194],"state":[43],"or":[44],"among":[45],"neighboring":[46],"countries":[47],"Europe,":[49,196],"observe":[51],"significant":[52],"variations":[53],"these":[58,103],"spatial":[59,86],"scales.":[60],"Importantly,":[61],"our":[62,182],"analysis":[63],"shows":[64],"that":[65,114,164],"variations,":[68],"which":[69],"are":[70],"known":[71],"to":[72,91,126,171,204],"occur":[73,82],"large":[75],"continental":[76],"scales":[77],"(e.g.,":[78],"cloud":[79],"regions),":[80],"also":[81],"much":[84],"finer":[85],"scales,":[87],"making":[88],"it":[89,139],"feasible":[90],"exploit":[92],"geographic":[93],"workload":[94],"shifting":[95],"context.":[100],"Motivated":[101],"by":[102,169],"findings,":[104],"propose":[106],"CarbonEdge,":[107],"carbon-aware":[109],"framework":[110],"for":[111,150,173],"optimizes":[115],"placement":[117],"workloads":[120,153],"across":[121],"mesoscale":[122],"data":[124],"centers":[125],"reduce":[127,167],"while":[130,198],"meeting":[131],"latency":[132,202],"SLOs.":[133],"We":[134],"implement":[135],"CarbonEdge":[136,165],"evaluate":[138],"on":[140,159],"real":[142,161],"testbed":[145,162],"through":[147],"large-scale":[148],"simulations":[149],"multiple":[151],"settings.":[155],"Our":[156],"experimental":[157],"results":[158],"demonstrate":[163],"can":[166],"up":[170],"78.7%":[172],"regional":[175],"deployment":[177],"central":[179],"Europe.":[180],"Moreover,":[181],"CDN-scale":[183],"experiments":[184],"show":[185],"potential":[186],"savings":[187],"49.5%":[189],"67.8%":[191],"respectively,":[197],"limiting":[199],"one-way":[201],"increase":[203],"less":[205],"than":[206],"5.5":[207],"ms.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}