{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409667646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731447","title":"Causal Structure Representation Learning of Unobserved Confounders in Latent Space for Recommendation","display_name":"Causal Structure Representation Learning of Unobserved Confounders in Latent Space for Recommendation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409667646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731447"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735545","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","issn_l":"1046-8188","issn":["1046-8188","1558-2868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101265223","display_name":"Hangtong Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hangtong Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jilin University, Changchun, China","MIC Lab, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4597-5405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIC Lab, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056077366","display_name":"Yuanbo Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-5011"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134929","display_name":"Jilin Province Science and Technology Department","ror":"https://ror.org/049x38272","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanbo Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","MIC Lab, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8370-5011","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, Changchun, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716","https://openalex.org/I4210134929"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIC Lab, College of Computer Science and Technology, Jilin University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063693227","display_name":"Chaozhuo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-7503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaozhuo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (MoE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-7503","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Trustworthy Distributed Computing and Service (MoE), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041921496","display_name":"Fuzhen Zhuang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-7009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fuzhen Zhuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China","Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University and Zhongguancun Laboratory, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9170-7009","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Beihang University and Zhongguancun Laboratory, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.6891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96795414,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"43","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10538","display_name":"Data Mining Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confounding","display_name":"Confounding","score":0.7635818719863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.664760947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.5770331621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latent-variable","display_name":"Latent variable","score":0.4988090991973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.4830501675605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-structure","display_name":"Causal structure","score":0.47246313095092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.39930692315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.39859434962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35893723368644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.33653420209884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.07177874445915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06214725971221924}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77350462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1125472","display_name":"Confounding","level":2,"score":0.7635818719863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.664760947227478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.5770331621170044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51167844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4422623","display_name":"Latent variable","level":2,"score":0.4988090991973877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.4830501675605774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.47246313095092773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.39930692315101624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.39859434962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35893723368644714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.33653420209884644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.07177874445915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06214725971221924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394735545","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","issn_l":"1046-8188","issn":["1046-8188","1558-2868"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Information Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G245388120","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62176014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8281428716","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472196","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2054141820","https://openalex.org/W2132547334","https://openalex.org/W2143117649","https://openalex.org/W2187089797","https://openalex.org/W2253995343","https://openalex.org/W2914304175","https://openalex.org/W2963085847","https://openalex.org/W2980630660","https://openalex.org/W2997617192","https://openalex.org/W3098638686","https://openalex.org/W3121192132","https://openalex.org/W3156939347","https://openalex.org/W3164548985","https://openalex.org/W3168738558","https://openalex.org/W3176726917","https://openalex.org/W3205476866","https://openalex.org/W4213448193","https://openalex.org/W4226054951","https://openalex.org/W4283065823","https://openalex.org/W4289533859","https://openalex.org/W4290944323","https://openalex.org/W4292423901","https://openalex.org/W4293117528","https://openalex.org/W4321780122","https://openalex.org/W4382365503","https://openalex.org/W4384652132","https://openalex.org/W4400925671","https://openalex.org/W4404035349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2994176440","https://openalex.org/W2510575233","https://openalex.org/W2481749367","https://openalex.org/W830718730","https://openalex.org/W2495367848","https://openalex.org/W2793477322","https://openalex.org/W4390042219","https://openalex.org/W1530151588","https://openalex.org/W4372273223","https://openalex.org/W3150857631"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Inferring":[0],"user":[1,22,33,70,122,155],"preferences":[2,23,34,71,123],"from":[3,121],"users\u2019":[4],"historical":[5],"feedback":[6,26],"is":[7,248],"a":[8,84,100],"valuable":[9],"problem":[10,41,97],"in":[11,24,68,86,124],"recommender":[12],"systems.":[13],"Conventional":[14],"approaches":[15],"often":[16],"rely":[17],"on":[18,154,163,187],"the":[19,25,31,40,56,62,76,79,89,96,106,114,125,149,176,179,207,220,234],"assumption":[20],"that":[21],"data":[27],"are":[28,45],"equivalent":[29],"to":[30,104,132,217],"real":[32],"without":[35,136],"additional":[36],"noise,":[37],"which":[38],"simplifies":[39],"modeling.":[42],"However,":[43],"there":[44],"various":[46],"confounders":[47,65,82,153],"during":[48],"user\u2013item":[49],"interactions,":[50],"such":[51],"as":[52],"weather":[53],"and":[54,72,98,128,143,173,191,202],"even":[55],"recommendation":[57,230,244],"system":[58],"itself.":[59],"Therefore,":[60],"neglecting":[61],"influence":[63,107,115],"of":[64,75,81,108,116,152,178,222,238],"will":[66],"result":[67],"inaccurate":[69],"suboptimal":[73],"performance":[74,209],"model.":[77,224],"Furthermore,":[78,225],"unobservability":[80],"poses":[83],"challenge":[85],"further":[87],"addressing":[88],"problem.":[90],"Along":[91],"these":[92],"lines,":[93],"we":[94,112,147,158],"refine":[95],"propose":[99,159],"more":[101,242],"rational":[102],"solution":[103],"mitigate":[105],"unobserved":[109,117],"confounders.":[110],"Specifically,":[111],"consider":[113],"confounders,":[118,239],"disentangle":[119],"them":[120],"latent":[126],"space,":[127],"employ":[129],"causal":[130,145,181,236],"graphs":[131],"model":[133,161],"their":[134,229],"interdependencies":[135],"specific":[137],"labels.":[138],"By":[139],"ingeniously":[140],"combining":[141],"local":[142],"global":[144],"graphs,":[146],"capture":[148],"user-specific":[150],"effects":[151],"preferences.":[156],"Finally,":[157],"our":[160,223],"based":[162],"Variational":[164,170],"Autoencoders,":[165],"named":[166],"Causal":[167],"Structure":[168],"Aware":[169],"Autoencoders":[171],"(CSA-VAE)":[172],"theoretically":[174],"demonstrate":[175],"identifiability":[177],"obtained":[180],"graph.":[182],"We":[183],"conducted":[184],"extensive":[185],"experiments":[186],"one":[188],"synthetic":[189],"dataset":[190],"nine":[192],"real-world":[193],"datasets":[194,201],"with":[195],"different":[196],"scales,":[197],"including":[198],"three":[199],"unbiased":[200],"six":[203],"normal":[204],"datasets,":[205],"where":[206],"average":[208],"boost":[210],"against":[211],"several":[212],"state-of-the-art":[213],"baselines":[214],"achieves":[215],"up":[216],"9.55%,":[218],"demonstrating":[219],"superiority":[221],"users":[226],"can":[227],"control":[228],"list":[231],"by":[232],"manipulating":[233],"learned":[235],"representations":[237],"generating":[240],"potentially":[241],"diverse":[243],"results.":[245],"Our":[246],"code":[247],"available":[249],"at":[250],"Code-link":[251],"(":[252],"https://github.com/MICLab-Rec/CSA":[253],").":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-30T17:31:21.811387","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
