{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412673516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731120.3744601","title":"Axioms for Retrieval-Augmented Generation","display_name":"Axioms for Retrieval-Augmented Generation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412673516","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731120.3744601"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731120.3744601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731120.3744601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 International ACM SIGIR Conference on Innovative Concepts and Theories in Information Retrieval (ICTIR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058247097","display_name":"Jan Heinrich Reimer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1992-8696"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Heinrich Merker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1992-8696","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068616222","display_name":"Maik Fr\u00f6be","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-981X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maik Fr\u00f6be","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1003-981X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027915931","display_name":"Benno Stein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-2217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51441396","display_name":"Bauhaus-Universit\u00e4t Weimar","ror":"https://ror.org/033bb5z47","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51441396"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benno Stein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bauhaus-Universit\u00e4t Weimar, Weimar, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9033-2217","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bauhaus-Universit\u00e4t Weimar, Weimar, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51441396"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083712311","display_name":"Martin Potthast","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-0665"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106157433","display_name":"University of Kassel","ror":"https://ror.org/04zc7p361","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106157433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726909","display_name":"Center for Scalable Data Analytics and Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/01t4ttr56","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726909","https://openalex.org/I78650965","https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Potthast","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany, hessian.AI, Kassel, Germany, and ScaDS.AI, Kassel, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2451-0665","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kassel, Kassel, Germany, hessian.AI, Kassel, Germany, and ScaDS.AI, Kassel, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106157433","https://openalex.org/I4401726909"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014322854","display_name":"Matthias Hagen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-2890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76198965","display_name":"Friedrich Schiller University Jena","ror":"https://ror.org/05qpz1x62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Hagen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9733-2890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Friedrich-Schiller-Universit\u00e4t Jena, Jena, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76198965"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"67","last_page":"77"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12031","display_name":"Speech and dialogue systems","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.70428466796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axiom","display_name":"Axiom","score":0.696333110332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.36681830883026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3516569435596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20205220580101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.05071234703063965}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.70428466796875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167729594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17736","display_name":"Axiom","level":2,"score":0.696333110332489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.36681830883026123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3516569435596466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20205220580101013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.05071234703063965}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3731120.3744601","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3731120.3744601","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 2025 International ACM SIGIR Conference on Innovative Concepts and Theories in Information Retrieval (ICTIR)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6072843279","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101070014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6540171115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"011S24077B","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7333970","https://openalex.org/W1507711477","https://openalex.org/W1598867694","https://openalex.org/W2005545412","https://openalex.org/W2047777014","https://openalex.org/W2052463743","https://openalex.org/W2082359527","https://openalex.org/W2100520226","https://openalex.org/W2134557008","https://openalex.org/W2139088054","https://openalex.org/W2152228468","https://openalex.org/W2152784831","https://openalex.org/W2154652894","https://openalex.org/W2493916176","https://openalex.org/W2534359342","https://openalex.org/W2740935584","https://openalex.org/W2798698938","https://openalex.org/W2927996276","https://openalex.org/W2951211142","https://openalex.org/W2963165092","https://openalex.org/W2963961878","https://openalex.org/W2970641574","https://openalex.org/W2971269283","https://openalex.org/W3003276437","https://openalex.org/W3015612646","https://openalex.org/W3017171819","https://openalex.org/W3034383590","https://openalex.org/W3035068386","https://openalex.org/W3093586900","https://openalex.org/W3094090968","https://openalex.org/W3116194654","https://openalex.org/W3130759101","https://openalex.org/W3134312382","https://openalex.org/W3150521056","https://openalex.org/W3153193605","https://openalex.org/W3158419028","https://openalex.org/W3172072815","https://openalex.org/W3180230246","https://openalex.org/W3197223198","https://openalex.org/W3200076410","https://openalex.org/W3209981429","https://openalex.org/W4205621476","https://openalex.org/W4283157866","https://openalex.org/W4283832246","https://openalex.org/W4284670921","https://openalex.org/W4284691245","https://openalex.org/W4317937814","https://openalex.org/W4376653761","https://openalex.org/W4383987287","https://openalex.org/W4385571065","https://openalex.org/W4386566643","https://openalex.org/W4386942825","https://openalex.org/W4389518925","https://openalex.org/W4389518954","https://openalex.org/W4389519598","https://openalex.org/W4389520306","https://openalex.org/W4389520670","https://openalex.org/W4389984066","https://openalex.org/W4391136507","https://openalex.org/W4392846357","https://openalex.org/W4396566291","https://openalex.org/W4396812188","https://openalex.org/W4400524835","https://openalex.org/W4400525274","https://openalex.org/W4400528755","https://openalex.org/W4401042325","https://openalex.org/W4401042808","https://openalex.org/W4401330297","https://openalex.org/W4401863475","https://openalex.org/W4402634981","https://openalex.org/W4402671506","https://openalex.org/W4402684016","https://openalex.org/W4404407248","https://openalex.org/W4404451336","https://openalex.org/W4405761894","https://openalex.org/W4405783579","https://openalex.org/W4406785277","https://openalex.org/W4409166579","https://openalex.org/W4409183277","https://openalex.org/W4411630045","https://openalex.org/W4412377073","https://openalex.org/W4412377084","https://openalex.org/W6682631176","https://openalex.org/W6894033246","https://openalex.org/W6949549905"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W178365807","https://openalex.org/W2001405890"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"retrieval":[1,8,45,76],"axioms":[2,32,49,77,92,101,113,140],"are":[3],"formalized":[4],"constraints":[5],"that":[6,17,137],"good":[7],"models":[9,164],"should":[10],"fulfill,":[11],"e.g.,":[12],"to":[13,38,40,43,95,114],"rank":[14],"documents":[15],"higher":[16],"contain":[18],"the":[19,25,62,83,90,96,124,132,138,150],"query":[20],"terms":[21],"more":[22,28,141],"often.":[23],"Over":[24],"last":[26],"decades,":[27],"than":[29,149],"25":[30],"such":[31],"have":[33],"been":[34],"proposed":[35],"and":[36,56,105,109,130,145,165],"used":[37],"analyze,":[39],"improve,":[41],"or":[42],"explain":[44],"models.":[46],"However,":[47],"those":[48],"were":[50],"meant":[51],"for":[52,78,159,166],"document":[53],"ranking":[54],"scenarios":[55],"thus":[57],"do":[58],"not":[59],"directly":[60],"fit":[61],"new":[63,97,112,139],"scenario":[64],"of":[65,86,89,118,162],"retrieval-augmented":[66],"generation":[67],"systems":[68],"(RAG).":[69],"To":[70],"close":[71],"this":[72],"gap,":[73],"we":[74,81,107,135,155],"rethink":[75],"RAG.":[79],"First,":[80],"transfer":[82],"underlying":[84],"ideas":[85],"as":[87,93],"many":[88],"traditional":[91,152],"possible":[94],"RAG":[98,119,127,147],"setting":[99],"(18":[100],"can":[102],"be":[103],"transferred),":[104],"second,":[106],"suggest":[108],"formalize":[110],"11":[111],"capture":[115,143],"utility":[116],"aspects":[117],"answers.":[120],"In":[121],"experiments":[122],"on":[123,131],"TREC":[125],"2024":[126],"track":[128],"data":[129],"Webis-CrowdRAG-25":[133],"corpus,":[134],"show":[136],"accurately":[142],"automated":[144],"human":[146,168],"preferences":[148,161],"transferred":[151],"axioms.":[153],"Furthermore,":[154],"illustrate":[156],"practical":[157],"applications":[158],"inspecting":[160],"language":[163],"aiding":[167],"preference":[169],"judgments.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
