{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409584649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730435","title":"PriCod: Prioritizing Test Inputs for Compressed Deep Neural Networks","display_name":"PriCod: Prioritizing Test Inputs for Compressed Deep Neural Networks","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409584649","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730435"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3730435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/66107","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100413684","display_name":"Yinghua Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-0393"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghua Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-0393","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006693940","display_name":"Xueqi Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-9543"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xueqi Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4097-9543","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040326968","display_name":"Jacques Klein","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-475X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jacques Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4052-475X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040574362","display_name":"Yves Le Traon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-4861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yves Le Traon","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1045-4861","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082835974","display_name":"Tegawend\u00e9 F. Bissyand\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-9869"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tegawend\u00e9 F. Bissyand\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7270-9869","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3077,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77200802,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.840617835521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.584670901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.4681580066680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.454832524061203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-neural-networks","display_name":"Deep neural networks","score":0.4323882460594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.39204835891723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.06867268681526184}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.840617835521698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.584670901298523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4681580066680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.454832524061203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984842247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep neural networks","level":3,"score":0.4323882460594177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.39204835891723633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.06867268681526184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3730435","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3730435","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S142627899","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","issn_l":"1049-331X","issn":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/66107","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/66107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (2025-04-18)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/66107","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/66107","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (2025-04-18)","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W317957491","https://openalex.org/W618024573","https://openalex.org/W1543330234","https://openalex.org/W1967187747","https://openalex.org/W2004776397","https://openalex.org/W2007339694","https://openalex.org/W2073125568","https://openalex.org/W2084933300","https://openalex.org/W2104942599","https://openalex.org/W2110068396","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2120563984","https://openalex.org/W2126210726","https://openalex.org/W2170771779","https://openalex.org/W2171980820","https://openalex.org/W2321429733","https://openalex.org/W2345888804","https://openalex.org/W2586946380","https://openalex.org/W2888233014","https://openalex.org/W2888468285","https://openalex.org/W2889526258","https://openalex.org/W2894732341","https://openalex.org/W2905627582","https://openalex.org/W2911282308","https://openalex.org/W2912416028","https://openalex.org/W2913107170","https://openalex.org/W2914874661","https://openalex.org/W2915888810","https://openalex.org/W2954996726","https://openalex.org/W2963857521","https://openalex.org/W2964817253","https://openalex.org/W2995201943","https://openalex.org/W3004543888","https://openalex.org/W3007157104","https://openalex.org/W3041012898","https://openalex.org/W3093348380","https://openalex.org/W3104757324","https://openalex.org/W3113571995","https://openalex.org/W3120991880","https://openalex.org/W3128290931","https://openalex.org/W3176989815","https://openalex.org/W4200225452","https://openalex.org/W4200629634","https://openalex.org/W4236479165","https://openalex.org/W4236965008","https://openalex.org/W4252937853","https://openalex.org/W4253752119","https://openalex.org/W4285417467","https://openalex.org/W4285490400","https://openalex.org/W4287639545","https://openalex.org/W4302292939","https://openalex.org/W4319451761","https://openalex.org/W4319663674","https://openalex.org/W4319935315","https://openalex.org/W4365800005","https://openalex.org/W4384347367","https://openalex.org/W4386099726","https://openalex.org/W4386570090","https://openalex.org/W4386886765","https://openalex.org/W6765507828","https://openalex.org/W6855190430"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474","https://openalex.org/W4283697347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,246],"widespread":[1],"adoption":[2],"of":[3,21,50,103,141,184,220,237,252,257],"Deep":[4],"Neural":[5],"Networks":[6],"(DNNs)":[7],"has":[8,77],"brought":[9],"remarkable":[10],"advances":[11],"in":[12,27],"machine":[13],"learning.":[14],"However,":[15],"the":[16,48,65,100,130,139,153,160,198,206,218,235,250],"computational":[17],"and":[18,44,68,109,165,193,205,268],"memory":[19],"demands":[20],"complex":[22],"DNNs":[23],"hinder":[24],"their":[25],"deployment":[26],"resource-constrained":[28],"environments.":[29],"To":[30,70,177],"address":[31],"this":[32,114,178],"challenge,":[33],"compressed":[34,52,126],"DNN":[35],"models":[36,53,161],"have":[37],"emerged,":[38],"offering":[39],"a":[40,80,119],"compromise":[41],"between":[42,159],"efficiency":[43],"accuracy.":[45],"Nonetheless,":[46],"assessing":[47],"performance":[49],"these":[51,72,214],"can":[54],"demand":[55],"extensive":[56,231],"testing,":[57],"typically":[58],"requiring":[59],"high":[60],"manual":[61,110],"labeling":[62,86,111],"costs,":[63],"rendering":[64],"process":[66],"resource-intensive":[67],"time-consuming.":[69],"mitigate":[71],"challenges,":[73],"test":[74,121,142,188,243,261,266,272,277],"input":[75,189],"prioritization":[76,122,244,278],"emerged":[78],"as":[79],"promising":[81],"technique":[82],"aimed":[83],"at":[84],"reducing":[85],"costs":[87],"by":[88,134,202],"prioritizing":[89],"inputs":[90,167],"that":[91,155,166],"are":[92,171],"more":[93,172],"likely":[94,173],"to":[95,144,174,196,208,233],"be":[96,175],"misclassified.":[97,176],"This":[98],"enables":[99],"early":[101],"identification":[102],"bug-revealing":[104],"tests":[105,226],"with":[106,138,241,254,275],"reduced":[107],"time":[108],"effort.":[112],"In":[113],"article,":[115],"we":[116],"propose":[117],"PriCod,":[118,238,253],"novel":[120],"approach":[123],"designed":[124],"for":[125,186,222],"DNNs.":[127],"PriCod":[128,180,216],"leverages":[129],"behavior":[131,157],"disparities":[132,158],"caused":[133,201],"model":[135,203],"compression,":[136],"along":[137],"embeddings":[140],"inputs,":[143,262,267,273],"effectively":[145],"prioritize":[146],"potentially":[147],"misclassified":[148],"tests.":[149],"It":[150],"operates":[151],"on":[152,259,264,270],"premises":[154],"significant":[156],"indicate":[162],"potential":[163],"misclassifications":[164],"near":[168],"decision":[169,209],"boundaries":[170],"end,":[179],"generates":[181],"two":[182],"types":[183],"features":[185,192],"each":[187,223],"(i.e.,":[190],"deviation":[191,200],"embedding":[194],"features)":[195],"capture":[197],"prediction":[199],"compression":[204],"proximity":[207],"boundaries,":[210],"respectively.":[211],"By":[212],"combining":[213],"features,":[215],"predicts":[217],"probability":[219],"misclassification":[221],"test,":[224],"ranking":[225],"accordingly.":[227],"We":[228],"conduct":[229],"an":[230],"study":[232],"evaluate":[234],"effectiveness":[236,251],"comparing":[239],"it":[240],"multiple":[242],"approaches.":[245,279],"experimental":[247],"results":[248],"demonstrate":[249],"average":[255],"improvements":[256],"7.43%\u201355.89%":[258],"natural":[260],"7.92%\u201352.91%":[263],"noisy":[265],"7.03%\u201351.59%":[269],"adversarial":[271],"compared":[274],"existing":[276]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
