{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409125424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3727988","title":"The Benefits of Socially Responsible Computing in Early Computing Courses: A Multi-Institutional Study at Primarily Undergraduate Hispanic-Serving Institutions","display_name":"The Benefits of Socially Responsible Computing in Early Computing Courses: A Multi-Institutional Study at Primarily Undergraduate Hispanic-Serving Institutions","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409125424","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3727988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3727988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3727988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084083704","display_name":"Ayaan M. Kazerouni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-1278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149919469","display_name":"California Polytechnic State University","ror":"https://ror.org/001gpfp45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayaan M. Kazerouni","raw_affiliation_strings":["California\u00a0Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","California Polytechnic State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6574-1278","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California\u00a0Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Polytechnic State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013716730","display_name":"Melissa Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-0926"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319824754","display_name":"Wested","ror":"https://ror.org/015178j52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melissa Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["WestEd, San Francisco, California, USA","WestEd, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7349-0926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WestEd, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"WestEd, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014501514","display_name":"Aleata Hubbard Cheuoua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-1326"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319824754","display_name":"Wested","ror":"https://ror.org/015178j52","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aleata Hubbard Cheuoua","raw_affiliation_strings":["WestEd, San Francisco, California, USA","WestEd, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7310-1326","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WestEd, San Francisco, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"WestEd, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319824754"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015895601","display_name":"Aakash Gautam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8023-4648"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aakash Gautam","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,\u00a0Pennsylvania, USA","University of Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8023-4648","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,\u00a0Pennsylvania, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106269602","display_name":"Sahar Hooshmand","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I290598920","display_name":"California State University, Dominguez Hills","ror":"https://ror.org/04pyvbw03","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I290598920"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sahar Hooshmand","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University Dominguez Hills,\u00a0Carson, California, USA","California State University Dominguez Hills, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9685-2470","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Dominguez Hills,\u00a0Carson, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I290598920"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Dominguez Hills, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I290598920"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043077880","display_name":"Paul Salvador Inventado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-3485"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142934699","display_name":"California State University, Fullerton","ror":"https://ror.org/02avqqw26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Salvador Inventado","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA","California State University Fullerton, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8192-3485","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Fullerton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112760091","display_name":"Eun-Young Kang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27825529","display_name":"California State University Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/0294hxs80","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27825529"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eun-Young Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University Los Angeles, Los\u00a0Angeles, California, USA","California State University Los Angeles, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5008-5183","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Los Angeles, Los\u00a0Angeles, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27825529"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27825529"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061316154","display_name":"Jane Lehr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-5240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149919469","display_name":"California Polytechnic State University","ror":"https://ror.org/001gpfp45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jane Lehr","raw_affiliation_strings":["California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","California Polytechnic State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2272-5240","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Polytechnic State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089440458","display_name":"Yu Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-8220"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98947143","display_name":"California State Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/05by5hm18","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, California, USA","California State Polytechnic University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0462-8220","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State Polytechnic University Pomona, Pomona, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State Polytechnic University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98947143"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066244017","display_name":"Kevin Wortman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8961-0152"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142934699","display_name":"California State University, Fullerton","ror":"https://ror.org/02avqqw26","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kevin A. Wortman","raw_affiliation_strings":["California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA","California State University Fullerton, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8961-0152","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California State University Fullerton, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142934699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076251624","display_name":"Ilmi Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2418-5287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148712","display_name":"Silicon Valley University","ror":"https://ror.org/04jk6hn97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148712"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71838634","display_name":"San Francisco State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ykr0121","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71838634"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ilmi Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA and Northeastern University - Silicon Valley Campus, Santa Clara, California, USA","San Francisco State University, USA and Northeastern University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2418-5287","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA and Northeastern University - Silicon Valley Campus, Santa Clara, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148712"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"San Francisco State University, USA and Northeastern University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71838634","https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038584803","display_name":"Zo\u00eb J. Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-239X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149919469","display_name":"California Polytechnic State University","ror":"https://ror.org/001gpfp45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zo\u00eb Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["California\u00a0Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","California Polytechnic State University, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4731-239X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"California\u00a0Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Polytechnic State University, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084083704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149919469"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4121,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89054488,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"24"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12515","display_name":"Gender and Technology in Education","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12060","display_name":"Child Development and Digital Technology","score":0.9782000184059143,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5852847099304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.5224365592002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/higher-education","display_name":"Higher education","score":0.47147300839424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-computing","display_name":"Social computing","score":0.41544392704963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.3871921896934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.2862164080142975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1978674829006195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.16136398911476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.1108064353466034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5852847099304199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.5224365592002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.47147300839424133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74216064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q615684","display_name":"Social computing","level":3,"score":0.41544392704963684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.3871921896934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.2862164080142975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1978674829006195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.16136398911476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.1108064353466034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3727988","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3727988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967871120","https://openalex.org/W1972978214","https://openalex.org/W1997962811","https://openalex.org/W1999980997","https://openalex.org/W2028798782","https://openalex.org/W2048489440","https://openalex.org/W2062989416","https://openalex.org/W2068201293","https://openalex.org/W2078485360","https://openalex.org/W2092694955","https://openalex.org/W2110065044","https://openalex.org/W2111647798","https://openalex.org/W2143565172","https://openalex.org/W2153769924","https://openalex.org/W2159306398","https://openalex.org/W2172010324","https://openalex.org/W2283235026","https://openalex.org/W2318511890","https://openalex.org/W2510630383","https://openalex.org/W2594441810","https://openalex.org/W2604315311","https://openalex.org/W2606279423","https://openalex.org/W2782857236","https://openalex.org/W2790886939","https://openalex.org/W2796858339","https://openalex.org/W2802819175","https://openalex.org/W2806119487","https://openalex.org/W2958207008","https://openalex.org/W2966086133","https://openalex.org/W2998929654","https://openalex.org/W3001999965","https://openalex.org/W3010523390","https://openalex.org/W3045486034","https://openalex.org/W3086223606","https://openalex.org/W3092386032","https://openalex.org/W3123254979","https://openalex.org/W3134751434","https://openalex.org/W3135728214","https://openalex.org/W3196079782","https://openalex.org/W4229977739","https://openalex.org/W4233020791","https://openalex.org/W4280527504","https://openalex.org/W4298812741","https://openalex.org/W4382515975","https://openalex.org/W4386584989","https://openalex.org/W4390572884","https://openalex.org/W4392348735","https://openalex.org/W4392542313","https://openalex.org/W4392542339","https://openalex.org/W4392564140","https://openalex.org/W4392564513","https://openalex.org/W4401717578","https://openalex.org/W4405717035","https://openalex.org/W4407681777","https://openalex.org/W4407685639","https://openalex.org/W4407771382"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background":[0],"and":[1,13,27,151,156,165,190,193,232,260,267,330,346,373,394],"Context.":[2],"Computing":[3],"is":[4],"considered":[5],"a":[6,42,52,87,169,217],"fundamental":[7],"skill":[8],"for":[9,112,146,157,283,293],"civic":[10],"engagement,":[11],"self-expression,":[12],"employment":[14],"opportunity.":[15],"Despite":[16],"this,":[17],"there":[18],"exist":[19],"significant":[20,218],"equity":[21],"gaps":[22],"in":[23,30,100,109,117,357,364],"post-secondary":[24],"computing":[25,110,139,287],"enrollment":[26,212,348,395],"retention.":[28,331],"Specifically,":[29],"the":[31,61,71,84,93,103,124,179,208,275,322],"California":[32],"State":[33],"University":[34],"(CSU)":[35],"system,":[36],"which":[37,128],"serves":[38],"close":[39],"to":[40,69,161,176,253,269,351,361],"half":[41],"million":[43],"undergraduate":[44],"students,":[45],"students":[46,99,199,246,252,295,377,381],"identifying":[47],"as":[48,131,235,237,341],"Hispanic/Latino":[49,98,245,294,376],"make":[50],"up":[51],"smaller":[53],"percentage":[54],"of":[55,86,95,97,106,120,127,181,188,224,312,324,375],"CS":[56,72,142,290],"majors":[57,111],"than":[58,77,250],"expected":[59],"from":[60,274,368],"state\u2019s":[62],"overall":[63],"population;":[64],"and,":[65,206],"once":[66],"enrolled,":[67],"tend":[68],"leave":[70],"major":[73],"at":[74,91,207,296,389],"higher":[75],"rates":[76],"other":[78,251,379],"students.":[79,114],"Purpose.":[80],"We":[81,144,196,241],"report":[82,254],"on":[83,185,221,327,371],"impacts":[85],"curricular":[88,183,325],"intervention":[89,184,215],"aimed":[90],"strengthening":[92],"sense":[94,187],"belonging":[96,189],"computing,":[101],"with":[102,264,391],"eventual":[104],"goal":[105,154,204],"improving":[107],"retention":[108,374],"those":[113],"Methods.":[115],"Working":[116],"an":[118],"alliance":[119],"six":[121],"universities":[122],"within":[123,238],"CSU":[125],"(five":[126],"are":[129],"designated":[130],"Hispanic-Serving":[132],"Institutions),":[133],"we":[134,172,306],"have":[135],"incorporated":[136],"socially":[137,285],"responsible":[138,286],"across":[140],"early":[141,289],"courses.":[143],"aim":[145,360],"alignment":[147],"between":[148,230],"our":[149,182,214],"curriculum":[150],"students\u2019":[152,162,186,222],"communal":[153,203],"orientations,":[155],"coursework":[158],"that":[159,198,244,255,308,338,359],"attends":[160],"interests,":[163],"values,":[164],"cultural":[166],"assets.":[167],"Over":[168],"two-year-long":[170],"study,":[171],"collected":[173],"survey":[174],"data":[175,279],"learn":[177],"about":[178],"impact":[180,220,323],"perceived":[191],"learning":[192],"agency.":[194],"Findings.":[195],"found":[197,307],"generally":[200],"reported":[201],"high":[202],"orientations":[205],"campuses":[209],"without":[210],"competitive":[211],"policies,":[213],"had":[216],"positive":[219,281],"senses":[223],"belonging.":[225],"This":[226],"effect":[227],"was":[228],"observed":[229],"control":[231],"treatment":[233,239],"terms":[234],"well":[236],"terms.":[240],"also":[242,352],"note":[243],"were":[247,387],"more":[248],"likely":[249],"non-curricular":[256],"factors":[257,339],"like":[258],"work":[259],"family":[261],"obligations":[262],"interfered":[263],"their":[265],"learning,":[266],"appeared":[268],"experience":[270,329],"slightly":[271],"stronger":[272],"benefits":[273],"intervention.":[276],"Implications.":[277],"Our":[278,332],"suggest":[280,337],"outcomes":[282],"integrating":[284],"into":[288,321,355],"courses,":[291],"especially":[292],"certain":[297],"Primarily":[298,313],"Undergraduate":[299],"Institutions":[300,315],"(PUIs).":[301],"Unlike":[302],"much":[303],"prior":[304,369],"research,":[305],"conducting":[309],"studies":[310,358,386],"outside":[311],"White":[314],"(PWIs)":[316],"can":[317],"provide":[318],"new":[319],"insights":[320],"interventions":[326],"student":[328],"varying":[333],"results":[334,367],"by":[335],"campus":[336,342],"such":[340,385],"population,":[343],"acceptance":[344],"rate,":[345],"departmental":[347],"policies":[349],"ought":[350],"be":[353],"taken":[354],"account":[356],"broaden":[362],"participation":[363],"computing.":[365],"Would":[366],"research":[370],"recruitment":[372],"or":[378],"underrepresented":[380],"look":[382],"different":[383,392],"if":[384],"replicated":[388],"institutions":[390],"demographics":[393],"policies?":[396]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
