{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412377093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3730037","title":"Mitigating Modality Bias in Multi-modal Entity Alignment from a Causal Perspective","display_name":"Mitigating Modality Bias in Multi-modal Entity Alignment from a Causal Perspective","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412377093","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3730037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3730037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3730037","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3730037","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3730037","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059851244","display_name":"Taoyu Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1674-7635"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Taoyu Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1674-7635","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080665569","display_name":"Jiawei Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4865-982X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiawei Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4865-982X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066219365","display_name":"Duohe Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-8344"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duohe Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2160-8344","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100314133","display_name":"Xiaodong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7374-5413"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaodong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7374-5413","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009392739","display_name":"Juwei Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-5724"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juwei Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6899-5724","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034694631","display_name":"Mengxiao Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7763-0745"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengxiao Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7763-0745","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043367057","display_name":"Y. A. Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3346-5512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yingkai Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3346-5512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080686378","display_name":"Tingwen Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-6923"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156404","display_name":"Institute of Information Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04r53se39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210156404"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingwen Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-6923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and School of Cyber Security, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059851244"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156404","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1733,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89332138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1186","last_page":"1196"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11273","display_name":"Advanced Graph Neural Networks","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.7844983339309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.745948314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6253645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal","display_name":"Modal","score":0.6050294637680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34784144163131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.06581065058708191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.7844983339309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.745948314666748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6253645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.6050294637680054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34784144163131714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06581065058708191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3730037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3730037","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3730037","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2504.19458","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.19458","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2504.19458","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3730037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3730037","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3730037","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.46000000834465027}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G282206362","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.62406319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5441118188","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62406319","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335892","display_name":"Youth Innovation Promotion Association","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412377093.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412377093.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":64,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2127795553","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2551361256","https://openalex.org/W2741750617","https://openalex.org/W2746582923","https://openalex.org/W2798653217","https://openalex.org/W2808246260","https://openalex.org/W2808284704","https://openalex.org/W2890187992","https://openalex.org/W2903963001","https://openalex.org/W2948644107","https://openalex.org/W2949700412","https://openalex.org/W2955238243","https://openalex.org/W2962916648","https://openalex.org/W2964263523","https://openalex.org/W2964855489","https://openalex.org/W2966055354","https://openalex.org/W2970921796","https://openalex.org/W2982244969","https://openalex.org/W2997062749","https://openalex.org/W3016970897","https://openalex.org/W3078516413","https://openalex.org/W3089874281","https://openalex.org/W3092328613","https://openalex.org/W3093922720","https://openalex.org/W3098038527","https://openalex.org/W3098583774","https://openalex.org/W3101056714","https://openalex.org/W3103934428","https://openalex.org/W3171266048","https://openalex.org/W3177934633","https://openalex.org/W3208211390","https://openalex.org/W4290875677","https://openalex.org/W4294753094","https://openalex.org/W4312044727","https://openalex.org/W4313447032","https://openalex.org/W4362655704","https://openalex.org/W4366233371","https://openalex.org/W4367046733","https://openalex.org/W4382450240","https://openalex.org/W4384625838","https://openalex.org/W4384642415","https://openalex.org/W4385507003","https://openalex.org/W4387195417","https://openalex.org/W4387967963","https://openalex.org/W4387968068","https://openalex.org/W4387968155","https://openalex.org/W4388144313","https://openalex.org/W4393147893","https://openalex.org/W4395483878","https://openalex.org/W4400525779","https://openalex.org/W4400526005","https://openalex.org/W4400526501","https://openalex.org/W4400529784","https://openalex.org/W4401863517","https://openalex.org/W4402671742","https://openalex.org/W4403488022","https://openalex.org/W4403791722","https://openalex.org/W6687483927","https://openalex.org/W6784601688","https://openalex.org/W6785430836","https://openalex.org/W6841551545","https://openalex.org/W6947878382","https://openalex.org/W7039459707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2385859805","https://openalex.org/W2530972254","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W627697492"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multi-Modal":[0,11],"Entity":[1],"Alignment":[2],"(MMEA)":[3],"aims":[4,102],"to":[5,29,75,103,110],"retrieve":[6],"equivalent":[7,34],"entities":[8,47],"from":[9,97],"different":[10],"Knowledge":[12],"Graphs":[13],"(MMKGs),":[14],"a":[15,76,84,98],"critical":[16],"information":[17],"retrieval":[18],"task.Existing":[19],"studies":[20],"have":[21],"explored":[22],"various":[23],"fusion":[24],"paradigms":[25],"and":[26,107,134],"consistency":[27],"constraints":[28],"improve":[30],"the":[31,39,56,65,71,115,120,127,136,142,148,153],"alignment":[32],"of":[33,58,119,131,141],"entities,":[35],"while":[36,113],"overlooking":[37],"that":[38,147],"visual":[40,62,72,94,106,121,143],"modality":[41,95,122],"may":[42],"not":[43],"always":[44],"contribute":[45],"positively.Empirically,":[46],"with":[48],"low-similarity":[49],"images":[50],"usually":[51],"generate":[52],"unsatisfactory":[53],"performance,":[54],"highlighting":[55],"limitation":[57],"overly":[59],"relying":[60],"on":[61,123,152],"features.We":[63],"believe":[64],"model":[66,124,149],"can":[67],"be":[68],"biased":[69],"toward":[70],"modality,":[73,144],"leading":[74],"shortcut":[77],"image-matching":[78],"task.To":[79],"address":[80],"this,":[81],"we":[82,145],"propose":[83],"counterfactual":[85],"debiasing":[86],"framework":[87],"for":[88],"MMEA,":[89],"termed":[90],"CDMEA,":[91],"which":[92],"investigates":[93],"bias":[96],"causal":[99,117],"perspective.Our":[100],"approach":[101],"leverage":[104],"both":[105,132],"graph":[108],"modalities":[109,133],"enhance":[111],"MMEA":[112],"suppressing":[114],"direct":[116],"effect":[118],"predictions.By":[125],"estimating":[126],"Total":[128,154],"Effect":[129,139,156],"(TE)":[130],"excluding":[135],"Natural":[137],"Direct":[138],"(NDE)":[140],"ensure":[146],"predicts":[150],"based":[151],"Indirect":[155],"(TIE),":[157]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
