{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412394903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3729995","title":"Hierarchical Tree Search-based User Lifelong Behavior Modeling on Large Language Model","display_name":"Hierarchical Tree Search-based User Lifelong Behavior Modeling on Large Language Model","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412394903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3729995"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3729995","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3729995","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3729995","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3729995","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105839616","display_name":"Yu Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4128-6968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128818","display_name":"Institute of Software","ror":"https://ror.org/033dfsn42","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128818"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Software, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110336338","display_name":"Rui Zhong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0704-015X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hao Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6044-8239"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042361412","display_name":"Wei Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0151-2160"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103036687","display_name":"Chi Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9196-6241"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001339397","display_name":"Peng Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9266-0780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peng Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062939922","display_name":"Kun Gai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3636-3618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4401726859","display_name":"Kuaishou (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/0258as409","country_code":null,"type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Gai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuaishou Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4401726859"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105839616"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128818","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.2334,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97610391,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1758","last_page":"1767"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9735999703407288,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9185000061988831,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8128833770751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6233574151992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5182825922966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree-model","display_name":"Decision tree model","score":0.444494366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modeling-language","display_name":"Modeling language","score":0.4437706172466278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-modeling","display_name":"Data modeling","score":0.4251718819141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-modeling","display_name":"User modeling","score":0.4209596514701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.381069540977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3753680884838104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.24092337489128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.23407137393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-interface","display_name":"User interface","score":0.23251891136169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"Decision tree","score":0.14562255144119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.08681070804595947}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8128833770751953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6233574151992798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5182825922966003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56289965","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249246","display_name":"Decision tree model","level":3,"score":0.444494366645813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179603123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941921","display_name":"Modeling language","level":3,"score":0.4437706172466278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67186912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367664","display_name":"Data modeling","level":2,"score":0.4251718819141388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67712803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901853","display_name":"User modeling","level":3,"score":0.4209596514701843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.381069540977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3753680884838104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.24092337489128113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.23407137393951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89505385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47146","display_name":"User interface","level":2,"score":0.23251891136169434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84525736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831366","display_name":"Decision tree","level":2,"score":0.14562255144119263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.08681070804595947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3729995","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3729995","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3729995","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3726302.3729995","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3726302.3729995","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3726302.3729995","source":null,"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 48th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412394903.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4412394903.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017360334","https://openalex.org/W2604272474","https://openalex.org/W2723293840","https://openalex.org/W2793768763","https://openalex.org/W2898085636","https://openalex.org/W2946044191","https://openalex.org/W2962745591","https://openalex.org/W2963655167","https://openalex.org/W2964182926","https://openalex.org/W2979450518","https://openalex.org/W2984100107","https://openalex.org/W3093519337","https://openalex.org/W3093945404","https://openalex.org/W3101704389","https://openalex.org/W3104030692","https://openalex.org/W3104439459","https://openalex.org/W3104789011","https://openalex.org/W3153687269","https://openalex.org/W3175528029","https://openalex.org/W4386728933","https://openalex.org/W4392367398","https://openalex.org/W4396723256","https://openalex.org/W4396758737","https://openalex.org/W4400524564","https://openalex.org/W4400524801","https://openalex.org/W4400528355","https://openalex.org/W4400528558","https://openalex.org/W4402671958","https://openalex.org/W4403220611"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169518243","https://openalex.org/W2252095989","https://openalex.org/W2106335228","https://openalex.org/W2105076537","https://openalex.org/W2028371633","https://openalex.org/W2071315630","https://openalex.org/W2096375461","https://openalex.org/W4322096525","https://openalex.org/W2143849578","https://openalex.org/W2344481184"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Large":[0],"Language":[1],"Models":[2],"(LLMs)":[3],"have":[4],"garnered":[5],"significant":[6],"attention":[7],"in":[8,27,52,63,123],"Recommendation":[9],"Systems":[10],"(RS)":[11],"due":[12],"to":[13,30,96,144,159,183],"their":[14],"extensive":[15],"world":[16],"knowledge":[17],"and":[18,33,60,89,100,113,117,134],"robust":[19],"reasoning":[20],"capabilities.":[21],"However,":[22],"a":[23,72,124,167],"critical":[24],"challenge":[25],"lies":[26],"enabling":[28],"LLMs":[29,45],"effectively":[31,57],"comprehend":[32],"extract":[34],"insights":[35],"from":[36,162],"massive":[37],"user":[38,47,107,171],"behaviors.":[39],"Current":[40],"approaches":[41],"that":[42,195],"directly":[43],"leverage":[44],"for":[46,93,136,148],"interest":[48,62,101,116,118,139],"learning":[49],"face":[50],"limitations":[51],"handling":[53],"long":[54],"sequential":[55],"behaviors,":[56],"extracting":[58],"interest,":[59],"applying":[61],"practical":[64],"scenarios.":[65],"To":[66],"address":[67],"these":[68],"issues,":[69],"we":[70,153],"propose":[71],"Hierarchical":[73,90],"Tree":[74,91],"Search-based":[75],"User":[76,85],"Lifelong":[77],"Behavior":[78,86],"Modeling":[79],"framework":[80],"(HiT-LBM).":[81],"HiT-LBM":[82,203],"integrates":[83],"Chunked":[84],"Extraction":[87],"(CUBE)":[88],"Search":[92],"Interest":[94,156],"(HTS)":[95],"capture":[97],"diverse":[98],"interests":[99,130,161],"evolution":[102,119],"of":[103,170,191,212],"user.":[104],"CUBE":[105],"divides":[106],"lifelong":[108,172],"behaviors":[109],"into":[110,179],"multiple":[111,163],"chunks":[112],"learns":[114],"the":[115,137,189,216],"within":[120],"each":[121,149],"chunk":[122],"cascading":[125],"manner.":[126],"HTS":[127],"generates":[128],"candidate":[129],"through":[131],"hierarchical":[132],"expansion":[133],"searches":[135],"optimal":[138],"with":[140],"process":[141],"rating":[142],"model":[143,182],"ensure":[145],"information":[146],"gain":[147],"behavior":[150,164],"chunk.":[151],"Additionally,":[152],"design":[154],"Temporal-Ware":[155],"Fusion":[157],"(TIF)":[158],"integrate":[160],"chunks,":[165],"constructing":[166],"comprehensive":[168],"representation":[169,175],"interests.":[173],"The":[174],"can":[176],"be":[177],"embedded":[178],"any":[180],"recommendation":[181],"enhance":[184],"performance.":[185],"Extensive":[186],"experiments":[187],"demonstrate":[188],"effectiveness":[190],"our":[192],"approach,":[193],"showing":[194,209],"it":[196],"surpasses":[197],"state-of-the-art":[198],"methods.":[199],"We":[200,214],"also":[201],"deploy":[202],"on":[204],"Kuaishou's":[205],"online":[206],"advertising":[207],"platform,":[208],"3.5%":[210],"increase":[211],"revenue.":[213],"release":[215],"implementation":[217],"code":[218],"https://github.com/xiayu-cell/HiT-LBM.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
