{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411403204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401","title":"Efficient Dynamic Indexing for Range Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search","display_name":"Efficient Dynamic Indexing for Range Filtered Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411403204","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3725401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289859","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","issn_l":"2836-6573","issn":["2836-6573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100720406","display_name":"Fangyuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3253-4661"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fangyuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-3253-4661","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113062540","display_name":"Mengxu Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5525-682X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengxu Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-5525-682X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025572719","display_name":"Guanhao Hou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7932-6138"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanhao Hou","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7932-6138","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102750234","display_name":"Jieming Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4236-1660"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jieming Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4236-1660","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088804666","display_name":"Hua Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-0445"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6230-0445","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101741069","display_name":"Wenchao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2689-6020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2689-6020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100450470","display_name":"Feifei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0770-5775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45928872","display_name":"Alibaba Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00k642b80","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feifei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0770-5775","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alibaba Cloud Computing, Hang Zhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45928872"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100736050","display_name":"Sibo Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-6971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sibo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1892-6971","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94291208,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"1","last_page":"26"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11106","display_name":"Data Management and Algorithms","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine-indexing","display_name":"Search engine indexing","score":0.8787392973899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6355597972869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.6317021250724792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nearest-neighbor-search","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","score":0.6135515570640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6090053915977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range-query","display_name":"Range query (database)","score":0.6050568222999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-vector","display_name":"Feature vector","score":0.5639212131500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/k-nearest-neighbors-algorithm","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","score":0.5365042686462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4833049774169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.48045653104782104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bloom-filter","display_name":"Bloom filter","score":0.46061086654663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.4580714702606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.4543229937553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4206116795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-search","display_name":"Linear search","score":0.4112517237663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/search-engine","display_name":"Search engine","score":0.3289130926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2908819317817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-search-query","display_name":"Web search query","score":0.23084169626235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.18329519033432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.1794636845588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1418546438217163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/web-query-classification","display_name":"Web query classification","score":0.11451414227485657}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75165309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258979","display_name":"Search engine indexing","level":2,"score":0.8787392973899841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6355597972869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.6317021250724792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116738811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608751","display_name":"Nearest neighbor search","level":2,"score":0.6135515570640564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6090053915977478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136736807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818943","display_name":"Range query (database)","level":5,"score":0.6050568222999573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83665646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42139305","display_name":"Feature vector","level":2,"score":0.5639212131500244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113238511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071612","display_name":"k-nearest neighbors algorithm","level":2,"score":0.5365042686462402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4833049774169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.48045653104782104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147224247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q885373","display_name":"Bloom filter","level":2,"score":0.46061086654663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.4580714702606201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.4543229937553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4206116795539856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204259536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787903","display_name":"Linear search","level":2,"score":0.4112517237663269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97854310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19541","display_name":"Search engine","level":2,"score":0.3289130926132202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2908819317817688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164120249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q995982","display_name":"Web search query","level":3,"score":0.23084169626235962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.18329519033432007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.1794636845588684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1418546438217163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118689300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7978614","display_name":"Web query classification","level":4,"score":0.11451414227485657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3725401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289859","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","issn_l":"2836-6573","issn":["2836-6573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ira.lib.polyu.edu.hk:10397/115424","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10397/115424","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400205","display_name":"PolyU Institutional Research Archive (Hong Kong Polytechnic University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal/Magazine Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3725401","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3725401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289859","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","issn_l":"2836-6573","issn":["2836-6573"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Management of Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W205159212","https://openalex.org/W1541459201","https://openalex.org/W1605782097","https://openalex.org/W1911745671","https://openalex.org/W2017602223","https://openalex.org/W2021840029","https://openalex.org/W2038276547","https://openalex.org/W2071866949","https://openalex.org/W2086179657","https://openalex.org/W2110026675","https://openalex.org/W2111006384","https://openalex.org/W2118123209","https://openalex.org/W2124509324","https://openalex.org/W2131744502","https://openalex.org/W2133995768","https://openalex.org/W2162006472","https://openalex.org/W2165558283","https://openalex.org/W2204555070","https://openalex.org/W2212363941","https://openalex.org/W2609517418","https://openalex.org/W2948859046","https://openalex.org/W2963213349","https://openalex.org/W2963284996","https://openalex.org/W2963469388","https://openalex.org/W2998702515","https://openalex.org/W3031273498","https://openalex.org/W3085011441","https://openalex.org/W3196481040","https://openalex.org/W4221159373","https://openalex.org/W4282600728","https://openalex.org/W4288334671","https://openalex.org/W4293565699","https://openalex.org/W4299506216","https://openalex.org/W4386123432","https://openalex.org/W4391215636","https://openalex.org/W4393183654","https://openalex.org/W4399174383","https://openalex.org/W4399175194","https://openalex.org/W6600137863","https://openalex.org/W6660414082","https://openalex.org/W6677953180","https://openalex.org/W6765762531","https://openalex.org/W6797600229"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2148008870","https://openalex.org/W2381195555","https://openalex.org/W2368606575","https://openalex.org/W4246757943","https://openalex.org/W2085998272","https://openalex.org/W2369874856","https://openalex.org/W2182477562","https://openalex.org/W2792185758","https://openalex.org/W2787484455","https://openalex.org/W2119808169"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Given":[0],"a":[1,20,64,74,106,154,164,185],"set":[2],"O":[3,42],"of":[4,7,13,157,166],"objects":[5,30],"consisting":[6],"n":[8],"high-dimensional":[9,37],"vectors,":[10],"the":[11,52,57,68,167,179],"problem":[12],"approximate":[14],"nearest":[15,58],"neighbor":[16,59],"(ANN)":[17],"search":[18,84],"for":[19,56,80,97,136],"query":[21,92,196,211],"vector":[22],"q":[23,61],"is":[24,163],"crucial":[25],"in":[26,36,41],"many":[27],"applications":[28],"where":[29,161],"are":[31],"represented":[32],"as":[33],"feature":[34],"vectors":[35],"spaces.":[38],"Each":[39],"object":[40],"often":[43,85],"has":[44,153],"attributes":[45],"like":[46],"popularity":[47],"or":[48],"price,":[49],"which":[50],"influence":[51],"search.":[53],"Practically,":[54],"searching":[55],"to":[60,189,193],"might":[62],"include":[63],"range":[65,81,113,151],"filter":[66],"specifying":[67],"desired":[69],"attribute":[70],"values,":[71],"e.g.,":[72],"within":[73],"specific":[75],"price":[76],"range.":[77],"Existing":[78],"solutions":[79],"filtered":[82,114],"ANN":[83,115,137,141],"face":[86],"trade-offs":[87],"among":[88],"excessive":[89],"storage,":[90],"poor":[91],"performance,":[93],"and":[94,117,143,170,218],"limited":[95],"support":[96],"updates.":[98],"To":[99,177],"address":[100],"this":[101],"challenge,":[102],"we":[103,182],"propose":[104],"RangePQ,":[105],"novel":[107],"indexing":[108,147,207],"scheme":[109,124,208],"that":[110,205],"supports":[111],"efficient":[112],"searches":[116],"updates,":[118],"requiring":[119],"only":[120],"linear":[121],"space.":[122],"Our":[123,146],"integrates":[125],"seamlessly":[126],"with":[127,174],"existing":[128],"PQ-based":[129,168],"index---a":[130],"widely":[131],"recognized,":[132],"scalable":[133],"index":[134,169],"type":[135],"searches---to":[138],"enhance":[139],"range-filtered":[140],"queries":[142],"update":[144,200,216],"capabilities.":[145],"method,":[148],"supporting":[149],"arbitrary":[150],"filters,":[152],"space":[155,180,191,219],"complexity":[156],"(O(n":[158],"log":[159,171],"K)),":[160],"K":[162,172],"parameter":[165],"scales":[173],"O(log":[175],"n).":[176],"reduce":[178,190],"cost,":[181],"further":[183],"present":[184],"hybrid":[186],"two-layer":[187],"structure":[188],"usage":[192],"O(n),":[194],"preserving":[195],"efficiency":[197],"without":[198],"additional":[199],"costs.":[201],"Experimental":[202],"results":[203],"demonstrate":[204],"our":[206],"significantly":[209],"improves":[210],"performance":[212,217],"while":[213],"maintaining":[214],"competitive":[215],"efficiency.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
