{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412588036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3721238.3730705","title":"BuildingBlock: A Hybrid Approach for Structured Building Generation","display_name":"BuildingBlock: A Hybrid Approach for Structured Building Generation","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412588036","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3721238.3730705"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3721238.3730705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3721238.3730705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference Conference Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.04051","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Junming Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5284-9431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junming Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5284-9431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100974683","display_name":"Chi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-2687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-2687","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075746714","display_name":"L.J. Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Letian Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4790-7822","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Changxin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2469-8709"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changxin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2469-8709","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of CAD & CG, Zhejiang University, hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Qiang Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6890-8179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098743","display_name":"Light Industry Hangzhou Electromechanical Design Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00zsjqa04","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098743"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["LIGHTSPEED, hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6890-8179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LIGHTSPEED, hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098743"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101844050","display_name":"Weiwei Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-3539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76130692","display_name":"Zhejiang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00a2xv884","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3756-3539","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab of CAD&CG, Zhejiang University, hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76130692"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18984362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13518","display_name":"Architecture and Computational Design","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13518","display_name":"Architecture and Computational Design","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2216","display_name":"Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11814","display_name":"Advanced Manufacturing and Logistics Optimization","score":0.9545000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10672","display_name":"Design Education and Practice","score":0.9467999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.635492205619812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.635492205619812}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3721238.3730705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3721238.3730705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference Conference Papers","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.04051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.04051","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.04051","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.04051","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.04051","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.04051","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393918464","display_name":"ArXiv.org","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4399999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1966832848","https://openalex.org/W1966849299","https://openalex.org/W1974127981","https://openalex.org/W2029863474","https://openalex.org/W2031973565","https://openalex.org/W2064193949","https://openalex.org/W2083298149","https://openalex.org/W2092773680","https://openalex.org/W2103815986","https://openalex.org/W2104037781","https://openalex.org/W2113410615","https://openalex.org/W2168115594","https://openalex.org/W2169216879","https://openalex.org/W2471222198","https://openalex.org/W2534314849","https://openalex.org/W2554007669","https://openalex.org/W2766585573","https://openalex.org/W2806774428","https://openalex.org/W2900735286","https://openalex.org/W2962770929","https://openalex.org/W2982363097","https://openalex.org/W3092631817","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W4205503054","https://openalex.org/W4214625308","https://openalex.org/W4230564045","https://openalex.org/W4241602464","https://openalex.org/W4252175893","https://openalex.org/W4312933868","https://openalex.org/W4376959470","https://openalex.org/W4386075912","https://openalex.org/W4387195417","https://openalex.org/W4390874102","https://openalex.org/W4391547698","https://openalex.org/W4399563697","https://openalex.org/W4399564091","https://openalex.org/W4400482271","https://openalex.org/W4400822286","https://openalex.org/W4402703019","https://openalex.org/W4402753842","https://openalex.org/W4402753875","https://openalex.org/W4402780257"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"building":[1,123],"generation":[2,39,72,76],"is":[3],"vital":[4],"for":[5,147],"applications":[6],"in":[7,19,130],"gaming,":[8],"virtual":[9],"reality,":[10],"and":[11,23,41,62,84,108,133,143,149],"digital":[12],"twins,":[13],"yet":[14],"current":[15],"methods":[16],"face":[17],"challenges":[18],"producing":[20],"diverse,":[21],"structured,":[22],"hierarchically":[24,134],"coherent":[25],"buildings.":[26],"We":[27],"propose":[28],"BuildingBlock,":[29],"a":[30,54,74,79,85],"hybrid":[31],"approach":[32],"that":[33],"integrates":[34],"generative":[35],"models,":[36],"procedural":[37],"content":[38],"(PCG),":[40],"large":[42],"language":[43],"models":[44],"(LLMs)":[45],"to":[46,89,116],"address":[47],"these":[48,96,114],"limitations.":[49],"Specifically,":[50],"our":[51],"method":[52],"introduces":[53],"two-phase":[55],"pipeline:":[56],"the":[57,63,145],"Layout":[58],"Generation":[59],"Phase":[60,66],"(LGP)":[61],"Building":[64],"Construction":[65],"(BCP).":[67],"LGP":[68],"reframes":[69],"box-based":[70],"layout":[71],"as":[73],"point-cloud":[75],"task,":[77],"utilizing":[78],"newly":[80],"constructed":[81],"architectural":[82,151],"dataset":[83],"Transformer-based":[86],"diffusion":[87],"model":[88],"create":[90],"globally":[91],"consistent":[92],"layouts.":[93],"With":[94],"LLMs,":[95],"layouts":[97,115],"are":[98],"extended":[99],"into":[100],"rule-based":[101],"hierarchical":[102],"designs,":[103],"seamlessly":[104],"incorporating":[105],"component":[106],"styles":[107],"spatial":[109],"structures.":[110],"The":[111],"BCP":[112],"leverages":[113],"guide":[117],"PCG,":[118],"enabling":[119],"local-customizable,":[120],"high-quality":[121],"structured":[122,135],"generation.":[124],"Experimental":[125],"results":[126,139],"demonstrate":[127],"BuildingBlock's":[128],"effectiveness":[129],"generating":[131],"diverse":[132],"buildings,":[136],"achieving":[137],"state-of-the-art":[138],"on":[140],"multiple":[141],"benchmarks,":[142],"paving":[144],"way":[146],"scalable":[148],"intuitive":[150],"workflows.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}