{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409284920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428","title":"Unveiling Heisenbugs with Diversified Execution","display_name":"Unveiling Heisenbugs with Diversified Execution","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409284920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3720428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104211053","display_name":"Arjun Ramesh","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arjun Ramesh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7390-0295","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054628694","display_name":"Tianshu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6788-1302"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianshu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6788-1302","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117084502","display_name":"Jaspreet Riar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaspreet Riar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7164-2711","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034437441","display_name":"Ben L. Titzer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-2089"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ben L. Titzer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-2089","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056379112","display_name":"Anthony Rowe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2332-9450"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120115","display_name":"Robert Bosch (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02venad53","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120115","https://openalex.org/I889804353"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Rowe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bosch Research, Pittsburgh, USA","Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2332-9450","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bosch Research, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120115"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75562878,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"OOPSLA1","first_page":"393","last_page":"420"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4098118543624878}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4098118543624878}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3720428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3720428","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3720428","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":101,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540112335","https://openalex.org/W1970363544","https://openalex.org/W1972544179","https://openalex.org/W1973501242","https://openalex.org/W1992341764","https://openalex.org/W2002126413","https://openalex.org/W2015148901","https://openalex.org/W2018949666","https://openalex.org/W2020841721","https://openalex.org/W2025819261","https://openalex.org/W2031588946","https://openalex.org/W2045238089","https://openalex.org/W2057825397","https://openalex.org/W2073844725","https://openalex.org/W2077324087","https://openalex.org/W2093755302","https://openalex.org/W2105691657","https://openalex.org/W2109993252","https://openalex.org/W2110852599","https://openalex.org/W2116030344","https://openalex.org/W2141975313","https://openalex.org/W2146747981","https://openalex.org/W2150984469","https://openalex.org/W2155479707","https://openalex.org/W2159856414","https://openalex.org/W2161600851","https://openalex.org/W2161970779","https://openalex.org/W2181567306","https://openalex.org/W2181653029","https://openalex.org/W2547616304","https://openalex.org/W2589638126","https://openalex.org/W2611899580","https://openalex.org/W2625141509","https://openalex.org/W2734941459","https://openalex.org/W2767677146","https://openalex.org/W2805784964","https://openalex.org/W2888223970","https://openalex.org/W2894732341","https://openalex.org/W2898686857","https://openalex.org/W2913465514","https://openalex.org/W2914097545","https://openalex.org/W2914526098","https://openalex.org/W2914584698","https://openalex.org/W2914675182","https://openalex.org/W2975022397","https://openalex.org/W2979880065","https://openalex.org/W3004911069","https://openalex.org/W3010635687","https://openalex.org/W3019068005","https://openalex.org/W3047504663","https://openalex.org/W3084921114","https://openalex.org/W3090561201","https://openalex.org/W3109716606","https://openalex.org/W3112572460","https://openalex.org/W3124101231","https://openalex.org/W3153291015","https://openalex.org/W3174414418","https://openalex.org/W3206328418","https://openalex.org/W3206363762","https://openalex.org/W3207470659","https://openalex.org/W4200208024","https://openalex.org/W4205983429","https://openalex.org/W4233410239","https://openalex.org/W4235603350","https://openalex.org/W4235807395","https://openalex.org/W4236912736","https://openalex.org/W4237139962","https://openalex.org/W4237241665","https://openalex.org/W4238388226","https://openalex.org/W4238623774","https://openalex.org/W4238637948","https://openalex.org/W4240056778","https://openalex.org/W4240347746","https://openalex.org/W4241738336","https://openalex.org/W4243016075","https://openalex.org/W4245011955","https://openalex.org/W4245204756","https://openalex.org/W4247951052","https://openalex.org/W4248655060","https://openalex.org/W4249224771","https://openalex.org/W4249748480","https://openalex.org/W4251546763","https://openalex.org/W4253752119","https://openalex.org/W4254280433","https://openalex.org/W4254439475","https://openalex.org/W4254620533","https://openalex.org/W4255112943","https://openalex.org/W4283259407","https://openalex.org/W4283375991","https://openalex.org/W4285075526","https://openalex.org/W4285345737","https://openalex.org/W4300810260","https://openalex.org/W4384155551","https://openalex.org/W4384155563","https://openalex.org/W4384302746","https://openalex.org/W4387302738","https://openalex.org/W4387321141","https://openalex.org/W4388026955","https://openalex.org/W4395020689","https://openalex.org/W4408870783","https://openalex.org/W6930949166"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2376932109","https://openalex.org/W2001405890","https://openalex.org/W4396696052"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Heisenbugs,":[0],"notorious":[1],"for":[2,100,135,194,246],"their":[3,65,84,91],"ability":[4,85],"to":[5,55,75,86,167,174,226,239],"change":[6],"behavior":[7],"and":[8,39,60,102,132,229,249],"elude":[9],"reproducibility":[10],"under":[11],"observation,":[12],"are":[13],"among":[14],"the":[15,112,122,138,218],"toughest":[16],"challenges":[17],"in":[18,31,145,250],"debugging":[19,244],"programs.":[20],"They":[21],"often":[22],"evade":[23],"static":[24],"detection":[25,47,160,171],"tools,":[26],"making":[27,191],"them":[28],"especially":[29],"prevalent":[30],"cyber-physical":[32],"edge":[33],"systems":[34],"characterized":[35],"by":[36,211],"complex":[37],"dynamics":[38],"unpredictable":[40],"interactions":[41],"with":[42,105,189],"physical":[43],"environments.":[44],"Although":[45],"dynamic":[46,70,115,158],"tools":[48,71],"work":[49],"much":[50],"better,":[51],"most":[52],"still":[53],"struggle":[54],"meet":[56],"low":[57,106],"enough":[58],"jitter":[59],"overhead":[61],"performance":[62],"requirements,":[63],"impeding":[64],"adoption.":[66],"More":[67],"importantly":[68],"however,":[69],"currently":[72],"lack":[73],"metrics":[74],"determine":[76],"an":[77,155],"observed":[78,210],"bug's":[79],"\"difficulty\"":[80],"or":[81,150],"\"heisen-ness\"":[82],"undermining":[83],"make":[87],"any":[88,143,175],"claims":[89],"regarding":[90],"effectiveness":[92],"against":[93],"heisenbugs.":[94],"This":[95],"paper":[96],"proposes":[97],"a":[98,180,204,215],"methodology":[99],"detecting":[101,136],"identifying":[103],"heisenbugs":[104,228],"overheads":[107],"at":[108],"scale,":[109,190],"actualized":[110],"through":[111],"lens":[113],"of":[114,125,140,208,237],"data-race":[116,159],"detection.":[117],"In":[118],"particular,":[119],"we":[120,213],"establish":[121],"critical":[123],"impact":[124],"execution":[126],"diversity":[127,166],"across":[128,197],"both":[129,247],"instrumentation":[130,149,177],"density":[131],"hardware":[133],"platforms":[134],"heisenbugs;":[137],"benefits":[139],"which":[141,163],"outweigh":[142],"reduction":[144],"efficiency":[146],"from":[147],"limited":[148],"weaker":[151],"devices.":[152],"We":[153,232],"develop":[154],"experimental":[156],"WebAssembly-backed":[157],"framework,":[161],"Beanstalk,":[162,212],"exploits":[164],"this":[165],"show":[168],"superior":[169],"bug":[170],"capability":[172],"compared":[173],"homogeneous":[176],"strategy":[178],"on":[179,203,234,242],"fixed":[181],"compute":[182,199],"budget.":[183],"Beanstalk's":[184],"approach":[185],"also":[186],"gains":[187],"power":[188],"it":[192],"suitable":[193],"low-overhead":[195],"deployments":[196],"numerous":[198],"nodes.":[200],"Finally,":[201],"based":[202],"rigorous":[205],"statistical":[206],"treatment":[207],"bugs":[209],"propose":[214],"novel":[216],"metric,":[217],"heisen":[219],"factor,":[220],"that":[221],"similar":[222],"detectors":[223],"can":[224],"utilize":[225],"categorize":[227],"measure":[230],"effectiveness.":[231],"reflect":[233],"our":[235],"analysis":[236],"Beanstalk":[238],"provide":[240],"insight":[241],"effective":[243],"strategies":[245],"in-house":[248],"deployment":[251],"settings.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}