{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407411876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3717065","title":"RPWAEAuth: Sensor-Based Continuous Authentication Using Reconstruction Probability in Wasserstein Autoencoder","display_name":"RPWAEAuth: Sensor-Based Continuous Authentication Using Reconstruction Probability in Wasserstein Autoencoder","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407411876","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3717065"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3717065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3717065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754583","display_name":"Yantao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-5671"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yantao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yichao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2778-1499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yichao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026107219","display_name":"Hongyu Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9052-4868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158842170","display_name":"Chongqing University","ror":"https://ror.org/023rhb549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongyu Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Computer Science, Chongqing University, Chongqing China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100754583"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158842170"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.0965,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88585741,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11800","display_name":"User Authentication and Security Systems","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoencoder","display_name":"Autoencoder","score":0.8592670559883118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7496882677078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5800874829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.4586595892906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.39975810050964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23622086644172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.20192232728004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.1456621289253235}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101738243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q786435","display_name":"Autoencoder","level":3,"score":0.8592670559883118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7496882677078247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5800874829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.4586595892906189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.39975810050964355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23622086644172668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.20192232728004456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.1456621289253235}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3717065","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3717065","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S170502224","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","issn_l":"1550-4859","issn":["1550-4859","1550-4867"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3605009526","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62472054 and 62072061","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1483327747","https://openalex.org/W1933905024","https://openalex.org/W1985110735","https://openalex.org/W2035941890","https://openalex.org/W2135608752","https://openalex.org/W2157007820","https://openalex.org/W2171502826","https://openalex.org/W2293257959","https://openalex.org/W2296016264","https://openalex.org/W2598853221","https://openalex.org/W2602548784","https://openalex.org/W2605024226","https://openalex.org/W2606429533","https://openalex.org/W2728156197","https://openalex.org/W2730845691","https://openalex.org/W2742615025","https://openalex.org/W2775145835","https://openalex.org/W2785362611","https://openalex.org/W2802468168","https://openalex.org/W2810022200","https://openalex.org/W2898998203","https://openalex.org/W2899031507","https://openalex.org/W3004911477","https://openalex.org/W3008580541","https://openalex.org/W3098957257","https://openalex.org/W3116942696","https://openalex.org/W3139391743","https://openalex.org/W3198320297","https://openalex.org/W3199977483","https://openalex.org/W3208964527","https://openalex.org/W3210294081","https://openalex.org/W3212193748","https://openalex.org/W3212700396","https://openalex.org/W4233863314","https://openalex.org/W4237526722","https://openalex.org/W4240406107","https://openalex.org/W4250822857","https://openalex.org/W4289038676","https://openalex.org/W4293211772","https://openalex.org/W4299046727","https://openalex.org/W4312613760","https://openalex.org/W4377989128","https://openalex.org/W4382568073","https://openalex.org/W4390073512","https://openalex.org/W4400809837","https://openalex.org/W6745535286","https://openalex.org/W7016021835"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W3013693939","https://openalex.org/W2566616303","https://openalex.org/W2159052453","https://openalex.org/W3131327266","https://openalex.org/W2734887215","https://openalex.org/W2803255133","https://openalex.org/W4220775285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"with":[1,133,161,199,204,221],"the":[2,20,72,85,108,115,126,134,140,148,170,180],"widespread":[3],"adoption":[4],"of":[5,22,78,172,179,182,185,189,224,229],"mobile":[6,23,79],"devices,":[7],"information":[8],"security":[9,21],"has":[10],"become":[11],"particularly":[12],"important.":[13],"Existing":[14],"sensor-based":[15,55],"continuous":[16,56,90],"authentication":[17,127,192,215],"systems":[18],"ensure":[19],"devices":[24],"to":[25,94,151,195,218],"some":[26],"extent,":[27],"but":[28],"most":[29],"have":[30],"drawbacks,":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33],"lacking":[34],"end-to-end":[35],"structure":[36],"or":[37],"requiring":[38],"data":[39,87,117],"from":[40,71,118],"both":[41],"legitimate":[42,120],"users":[43],"and":[44,76,98,113,138,143,202,226],"imposters":[45],"for":[46,104,122,165],"training.":[47,124],"In":[48,107,125],"this":[49],"article,":[50],"we":[51],"present":[52],"RPWAEAuth,":[53,183],"a":[54,89,95,119,130,153,162],"Authentication":[57],"system":[58],"using":[59,101],"Reconstruction":[60],"Probability":[61],"in":[62,177],"Wasserstein":[63,82],"AutoEncoder.":[64],"RPWAEAuth":[65,111,136,173,212],"implicitly":[66],"collects":[67,112,137],"user":[68,121,131,166],"behavior":[69],"patterns":[70],"built-in":[73],"accelerometer,":[74],"gyroscope,":[75],"magnetometer":[77],"devices.":[80],"The":[81,207],"autoencoder":[83],"maps":[84],"sensor":[86,116,141,186],"into":[88,147],"latent":[91],"space":[92],"close":[93],"prior":[96],"distribution":[97],"reconstructs":[99],"them":[100,146],"reconstruction":[102,154,190],"probability":[103,157],"better":[105],"authentication.":[106,167],"registration":[109],"stage,":[110,128],"preprocesses":[114,139],"RPWAE":[123,150],"when":[129],"interacts":[132],"device,":[135],"data,":[142],"then":[144,159],"feeds":[145],"trained":[149],"generate":[152],"probability.":[155],"This":[156],"is":[158],"compared":[160,217],"predefined":[163],"threshold":[164],"We":[168],"evaluate":[169],"performance":[171,216],"on":[174,231],"our":[175],"dataset":[176],"terms":[178],"effectiveness":[181,188],"impact":[184],"numbers,":[187],"probability,":[191],"time,":[193],"resilience":[194],"mimic":[196],"attacks,":[197],"comparison":[198,203],"different":[200],"AEs,":[201],"state-of-the-art":[205],"methods.":[206],"experimental":[208],"results":[209],"demonstrate":[210],"that":[211],"achieves":[213],"superior":[214],"other":[219],"methods,":[220],"an":[222,227],"accuracy":[223],"99.34%":[225],"EER":[228],"0.66%":[230],"69":[232],"unseen":[233],"users.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
