{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407740966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3716309","title":"Forward-Mode Automatic Differentiation of Compiled Programs","display_name":"Forward-Mode Automatic Differentiation of Compiled Programs","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-02-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407740966","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3716309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3716309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3716309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163326656","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software","issn_l":"0098-3500","issn":["0098-3500","1557-7295"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085624493","display_name":"Max Aehle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153267046","display_name":"University of Kaiserslautern","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrf7b53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153267046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152675","display_name":"Rheinland-Pf\u00e4lzische Technische Universit\u00e4t Kaiserslautern-Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qrts582","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Aehle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6739-5890","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036680107","display_name":"Johannes Bl\u00fchdorn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3840-6941"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153267046","display_name":"University of Kaiserslautern","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrf7b53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153267046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152675","display_name":"Rheinland-Pf\u00e4lzische Technische Universit\u00e4t Kaiserslautern-Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qrts582","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johannes Bl\u00fchdorn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3840-6941","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091271387","display_name":"Max Sagebaum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9038-3428"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153267046","display_name":"University of Kaiserslautern","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrf7b53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153267046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152675","display_name":"Rheinland-Pf\u00e4lzische Technische Universit\u00e4t Kaiserslautern-Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qrts582","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Sagebaum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9038-3428","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023667410","display_name":"Nicolas R. Gauger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5863-7384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153267046","display_name":"University of Kaiserslautern","ror":"https://ror.org/04zrf7b53","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153267046"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802076133","display_name":"University of Koblenz and Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01j9f6752","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387152675","display_name":"Rheinland-Pf\u00e4lzische Technische Universit\u00e4t Kaiserslautern-Landau","ror":"https://ror.org/01qrts582","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas R. Gauger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5863-7384","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair for Scientific Computing, University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Kaiserslautern, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I4387152675"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I153267046","https://openalex.org/I2802076133"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7772,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71399626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10142","display_name":"Formal Methods in Verification","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.9923999905586243,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-differentiation","display_name":"Automatic differentiation","score":0.8390125036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6426234245300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","score":0.5189037919044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/differentiated-instruction","display_name":"Differentiated instruction","score":0.4257434904575348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.35190051794052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.1873537302017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.17286711931228638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.08947703242301941}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133512626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q787371","display_name":"Automatic differentiation","level":3,"score":0.8390125036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6426234245300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.5189037919044495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781368961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905421","display_name":"Differentiated instruction","level":2,"score":0.4257434904575348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.35190051794052124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.1873537302017212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17286711931228638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.08947703242301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3716309","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3716309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163326656","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software","issn_l":"0098-3500","issn":["0098-3500","1557-7295"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1810240525","https://openalex.org/W1966377066","https://openalex.org/W1969213662","https://openalex.org/W1986969990","https://openalex.org/W1994742583","https://openalex.org/W2002676867","https://openalex.org/W2031070741","https://openalex.org/W2039304376","https://openalex.org/W2135531618","https://openalex.org/W2157575657","https://openalex.org/W2170922286","https://openalex.org/W2207050309","https://openalex.org/W2387022868","https://openalex.org/W2478429860","https://openalex.org/W2496722619","https://openalex.org/W2509865812","https://openalex.org/W2734471494","https://openalex.org/W2734941459","https://openalex.org/W2798954527","https://openalex.org/W2803597358","https://openalex.org/W2810203670","https://openalex.org/W2973648971","https://openalex.org/W2995360139","https://openalex.org/W2998790058","https://openalex.org/W2999384460","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3099878876","https://openalex.org/W3129304251","https://openalex.org/W3190695173","https://openalex.org/W3211257750","https://openalex.org/W4239035626","https://openalex.org/W4288057809","https://openalex.org/W4321636553","https://openalex.org/W4321636603","https://openalex.org/W4402201662","https://openalex.org/W4405383037","https://openalex.org/W4405900496","https://openalex.org/W6638908295"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4230546540","https://openalex.org/W1543341614","https://openalex.org/W1718642889","https://openalex.org/W2553993726","https://openalex.org/W2039953621","https://openalex.org/W2077306381","https://openalex.org/W3211257750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Algorithmic":[0],"differentiation":[1],"(AD)":[2],"is":[3,85,164],"a":[4,72,128,132,139],"set":[5],"of":[6,12,51,107,135,141,150,176],"techniques":[7],"that":[8,143],"provide":[9,138],"partial":[10],"derivatives":[11],"computer-implemented":[13],"functions.":[14],"Such":[15],"functions":[16],"can":[17],"be":[18],"supplied":[19],"to":[20,67,76,81,112],"state-of-the-art":[21],"AD":[22,43,56,170],"tools":[23],"via":[24,30],"their":[25,36],"source":[26,37,83],"code":[27,50,84],",":[28],"or":[29],"intermediate":[31],"representations":[32],"produced":[33],"while":[34],"compiling":[35],"code.":[38],"We":[39,137],"present":[40],"the":[41,48,60,68,82,90,105],"novel":[42],"tool":[44,75],"Derivgrind,":[45],"which":[46,93,151],"augments":[47],"machine":[49,69],"compiled":[52],"programs":[53],"with":[54,131,179],"forward-mode":[55,169],"logic.":[57],"Derivgrind":[58,118,144,166],"leverages":[59],"Valgrind":[61],"instrumentation":[62],"framework":[63],"for":[64,89,171],"structured":[65],"access":[66],"code,":[70],"and":[71,95,124],"shadow":[73],"memory":[74],"store":[77],"dot":[78],"values.":[79],"Access":[80],"required":[86],"at":[87,104],"most":[88],"files":[91],"in":[92,154],"input":[94],"output":[96],"variables":[97],"are":[98],"defined.":[99],"Derivgrind\u2019s":[100],"versatility":[101],"mainly":[102],"comes":[103],"price":[106],"reduced":[108],"run-time":[109],"performance.":[110],"According":[111],"our":[113],"extensive":[114],"regression":[115],"test":[116],"suite,":[117],"produces":[119],"correct":[120],"results":[121],"on":[122],"GCC-":[123],"Clang-compiled":[125],"programs,":[126],"including":[127],"Python":[129],"interpreter,":[130],"small":[133],"number":[134],"exceptions.":[136],"list":[140],"\u201cbit-tricks\u201d":[142],"does":[145],"not":[146],"handle":[147],"correctly,":[148],"some":[149],"actually":[152],"appear":[153],"highly":[155],"optimized":[156],"math":[157],"libraries.":[158],"As":[159],"long":[160],"as":[161],"differentiating":[162],"those":[163],"avoided,":[165],"enables":[167],"black-box":[168],"an":[172],"unprecedentedly":[173],"wide":[174],"range":[175],"cross-language":[177],"software":[178],"little":[180],"integration":[181],"efforts.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
