{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406617275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712707","title":"Investigating the Progression of the Mental Models Formed by Programmers Learning Parallel Programming","display_name":"Investigating the Progression of the Mental Models Formed by Programmers Learning Parallel Programming","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406617275","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712707","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068465185","display_name":"Leah Bidlake","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9725-415X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129222093","display_name":"University of Fredericton","ror":"https://ror.org/01c3s4w91","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Leah Bidlake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","University of New Brunswick, Fredericton"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick, Fredericton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093","https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001299200","display_name":"Eric Aubanel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1273-4741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129222093","display_name":"University of Fredericton","ror":"https://ror.org/01c3s4w91","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Aubanel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","University of New Brunswick, Fredericton"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Computer Science, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick, Fredericton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093","https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018155103","display_name":"Daniel Voyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5036-3825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106938459","display_name":"University of New Brunswick","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkf0n29","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3129222093","display_name":"University of Fredericton","ror":"https://ror.org/01c3s4w91","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Voyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","University of New Brunswick, Fredericton"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of New Brunswick, Fredericton","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3129222093","https://openalex.org/I106938459"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068465185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106938459","https://openalex.org/I3129222093"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00708112,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"31"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9886000156402588,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7357859015464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mental-model","display_name":"Mental model","score":0.5692244172096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics-education","display_name":"Mathematics education","score":0.47626325488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.36795157194137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3406603932380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3300670385360718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.29517316818237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-science","display_name":"Cognitive science","score":0.23408982157707214}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7357859015464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2982912361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1851867","display_name":"Mental model","level":2,"score":0.5692244172096252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.47626325488090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.36795157194137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3406603932380676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3300670385360718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.29517316818237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.23408982157707214}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712707","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712707","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764465379","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","issn_l":"1946-6226","issn":["1946-6226"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Computing Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3511391","https://openalex.org/W120624351","https://openalex.org/W150532277","https://openalex.org/W564800084","https://openalex.org/W1610176988","https://openalex.org/W1766163487","https://openalex.org/W1975294938","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1984968671","https://openalex.org/W1985798440","https://openalex.org/W1992910550","https://openalex.org/W2010452900","https://openalex.org/W2023701920","https://openalex.org/W2026482464","https://openalex.org/W2040888129","https://openalex.org/W2073386179","https://openalex.org/W2084092936","https://openalex.org/W2104780424","https://openalex.org/W2110798500","https://openalex.org/W2119576230","https://openalex.org/W2121845205","https://openalex.org/W2128886782","https://openalex.org/W2130374691","https://openalex.org/W2141971561","https://openalex.org/W2148802858","https://openalex.org/W2151487645","https://openalex.org/W2154671002","https://openalex.org/W2296679280","https://openalex.org/W2380489056","https://openalex.org/W2577433696","https://openalex.org/W2582743722","https://openalex.org/W2767677146","https://openalex.org/W2787648983","https://openalex.org/W3006244699","https://openalex.org/W3007858801","https://openalex.org/W3116118308","https://openalex.org/W4200583037","https://openalex.org/W4220658990","https://openalex.org/W4230186056","https://openalex.org/W4232132752","https://openalex.org/W4239705241","https://openalex.org/W4243636675","https://openalex.org/W4256283343","https://openalex.org/W4299627282","https://openalex.org/W4382517590","https://openalex.org/W4399164841"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4231937131","https://openalex.org/W3188962172","https://openalex.org/W323219885","https://openalex.org/W2063928587","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W1487966966","https://openalex.org/W4312825515","https://openalex.org/W1589342014","https://openalex.org/W4306742369","https://openalex.org/W1480341462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Research":[0],"on":[1],"mental":[2,37,53,68,92,110,126,161],"model":[3,168,173,182,187],"representations":[4],"developed":[5],"by":[6,98,112,128],"programmers":[7,40,83,205],"during":[8],"parallel":[9,47,57,120,138,176,190,228],"program":[10],"comprehension":[11],"is":[12,64],"important":[13],"for":[14,73],"informing":[15],"and":[16,23,42,59,84,89,140,145,169,183],"advancing":[17],"teaching":[18,227],"methods":[19],"including":[20],"model-based":[21],"learning":[22,56,175,189],"visualizations.":[24],"The":[25,91,152,192],"goals":[26],"of":[27,39,51,62,66,76,94,119,134,195,203],"the":[28,36,49,74,117,132,150,196,220],"research":[29],"presented":[30,154],"here":[31],"were":[32,80,96],"to":[33,149,178,207],"determine:":[34],"how":[35],"models":[38,54,69,93,111,127,162],"change":[41],"develop":[43],"as":[44],"they":[45,107],"learn":[46],"programming,":[48,58,177],"quality":[50],"their":[52,67,109,125],"after":[55,188],"what":[60,201],"type":[61],"information":[63],"part":[65],"when":[70,226],"examining":[71],"code":[72,103,139,204],"presence":[75,133],"data":[77,135,213],"races.":[78],"Participants":[79],"experienced":[81],"C":[82],"included":[85],"both":[86],"university":[87],"students":[88],"professionals.":[90],"participants":[95,130],"analyzed":[97,124],"having":[99,129],"them":[100],"perform":[101],"a":[102,165,170,179,184,212],"tracing":[104,116],"task":[105],"where":[106],"externalized":[108],"drawing":[113],"diagrams":[114],"while":[115],"execution":[118,167,181],"code.":[121,151],"We":[122],"also":[123],"determine":[131,208],"races":[136],"in":[137,155],"then":[141],"answer":[142],"multiple":[143],"choice":[144],"open-ended":[146,197],"questions":[147],"related":[148],"results":[153],"this":[156],"article":[157],"indicate":[158,200],"that":[159,199,222],"programmers\u2019":[160],"progress":[163],"from":[164],"weaker":[166,185],"stronger":[171,180],"situation":[172,186],"before":[174],"programming.":[191,229],"thematic":[193],"analysis":[194],"responses":[198],"components":[202],"used":[206],"whether":[209],"or":[210],"not":[211],"race":[214],"was":[215],"present":[216],"provides":[217],"insight":[218],"into":[219],"topics":[221],"should":[223],"be":[224],"emphasized":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
