{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408938892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466","title":"Sketch and Patch: Efficient 3D Gaussian Representation for Man-Made Scenes","display_name":"Sketch and Patch: Efficient 3D Gaussian Representation for Man-Made Scenes","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408938892","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712677.3720466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on IMmersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061028885","display_name":"Yuang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-8512"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAL, IRL2955, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7893-8512","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAL, IRL2955, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085222751","display_name":"Simone Gasparini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8239-8005"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405259414"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone Gasparini","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAL, IRL2955, University of Toulouse, IRIT, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8239-8005","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAL, IRL2955, University of Toulouse, IRIT, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049924775","display_name":"G\u00e9raldine Morin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0925-3277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131550300","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse-I-Capitole","ror":"https://ror.org/0443n9e75","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131550300"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119061","display_name":"Institut de Recherche en Informatique de Toulouse","ror":"https://ror.org/01rx4qw44","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I205747304","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4405258862","https://openalex.org/I4405259414"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152422","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse - Jean Jaur\u00e8s","ror":"https://ror.org/04ezk3x31","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152422"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160189","display_name":"Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux","ror":"https://ror.org/054qv7y42","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geraldine Morin","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAL, IRL2955, University of Toulouse, IRIT, Toulouse, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0925-3277","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAL, IRL2955, University of Toulouse, IRIT, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I3131550300","https://openalex.org/I4210119061","https://openalex.org/I4210152422","https://openalex.org/I4210160189"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101210734","display_name":"Chenggang Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenggang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6206-5378","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072587271","display_name":"Wei Tsang Ooi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-1736"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165932596","display_name":"National University of Singapore","ror":"https://ror.org/01tgyzw49","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Tsang Ooi","raw_affiliation_strings":["IPAL, IRL2955, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8994-1736","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IPAL, IRL2955, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165932596"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"51","last_page":"57"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10531","display_name":"Advanced Vision and Imaging","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10481","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Visualization Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1704","display_name":"Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14339","display_name":"Image Processing and 3D Reconstruction","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sketch","display_name":"Sketch","score":0.8640083074569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.6784147620201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6630297899246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.5262771248817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.5147078633308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.5117952227592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4716583788394928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1897413730621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.06535190343856812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779231336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7534724","display_name":"Sketch","level":2,"score":0.8640083074569702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.6784147620201111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6630297899246216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.5262771248817444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.5147078633308411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.5117952227592468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4716583788394928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1897413730621338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.06535190343856812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712677.3720466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on IMmersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-05010909v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-05010909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"MMVE '25: 17th International Workshop on IMmersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems, Mar 2025, Stellenbosch, South Africa. pp.51-57, ⟨10.1145/3712677.3720466⟩","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712677.3720466","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712677.3720466","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 17th International Workshop on IMmersive Mixed and Virtual Environment Systems","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999478155","https://openalex.org/W2085261163","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2160072137","https://openalex.org/W2328987086","https://openalex.org/W2561675875","https://openalex.org/W2738551266","https://openalex.org/W2901982540","https://openalex.org/W2962785568","https://openalex.org/W3021314748","https://openalex.org/W3215769467","https://openalex.org/W4312747027","https://openalex.org/W4318261627","https://openalex.org/W4379806044","https://openalex.org/W4385318467","https://openalex.org/W4389262231","https://openalex.org/W4389325458","https://openalex.org/W4390721615","https://openalex.org/W4391734459","https://openalex.org/W4392616768","https://openalex.org/W4393248031","https://openalex.org/W4394890968","https://openalex.org/W4397028793","https://openalex.org/W4400649545","https://openalex.org/W4402704690","https://openalex.org/W4402776467","https://openalex.org/W4402917082","https://openalex.org/W4405033218","https://openalex.org/W4408847683","https://openalex.org/W4408848588"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378994405","https://openalex.org/W2385974820","https://openalex.org/W2373478030","https://openalex.org/W2378679551","https://openalex.org/W3149739944","https://openalex.org/W2392363776","https://openalex.org/W2063051341","https://openalex.org/W2591066345","https://openalex.org/W1494563618","https://openalex.org/W2357022711"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"3D":[0,14],"Gaussian":[1],"Splatting":[2],"(3DGS)":[3],"has":[4],"emerged":[5],"as":[6],"a":[7,56],"promising":[8],"representation":[9,59],"for":[10,24,143],"photorealistic":[11],"rendering":[12],"of":[13,156],"scenes.":[15],"However,":[16],"its":[17],"high":[18],"storage":[19,104],"requirements":[20],"pose":[21],"significant":[22],"challenges":[23],"practical":[25],"applications.":[26],"We":[27],"observe":[28],"that":[29,60,116],"Gaussians":[30,62,80,93],"exhibit":[31],"distinct":[32],"roles":[33],"and":[34,42,71,97,103,112,132,141],"characteristics:":[35],"some":[36],"capture":[37],"high-frequency":[38],"features":[39],"like":[40],"edges":[41],"contours,":[43],"while":[44,91],"others":[45],"represent":[46],"broader,":[47],"smoother":[48],"regions.":[49,78],"Based":[50],"on":[51],"this":[52,117],"observation,":[53],"we":[54],"propose":[55],"novel":[57],"hybrid":[58],"categorizes":[61],"into":[63],"(i)":[64],"Sketch":[65,79],"Gaussians,":[66,74],"which":[67,75],"define":[68],"scene":[69],"boundaries,":[70],"(ii)":[72],"Patch":[73,92],"cover":[76],"smooth":[77],"are":[81],"efficiently":[82],"encoded":[83],"using":[84],"parametric":[85],"models,":[86],"leveraging":[87],"their":[88],"geometric":[89],"coherence,":[90],"undergo":[94],"optimized":[95],"pruning":[96],"retraining":[98],"to":[99,122],"maintain":[100],"volumetric":[101],"consistency":[102],"efficiency.":[105],"Our":[106],"comprehensive":[107],"evaluation":[108],"across":[109],"diverse":[110],"indoor":[111,145],"outdoor":[113],"scenes":[114],"demonstrates":[115],"structure-aware":[118],"approach":[119],"achieves":[120],"up":[121],"11.52":[123],"%":[124,129,134,155],"improvement":[125],"in":[126,130,135],"PSNR,":[127],"1.83":[128],"SSIM,":[131],"19.20":[133],"LPIPS":[136],"at":[137],"equivalent":[138],"model":[139,148,159],"sizes,":[140],"correspondingly,":[142],"an":[144],"scene,":[146],"our":[147],"maintains":[149],"the":[150,157],"visual":[151],"quality":[152],"with":[153],"7.9":[154],"original":[158],"size.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-03-29T00:00:00"}