{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4416199178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712285.3759840","title":"Zero-Value Code Specialization via Profile-Guided Control Data Flow Analysis","display_name":"Zero-Value Code Specialization via Profile-Guided Control Data Flow Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-11-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4416199178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712285.3759840"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712285.3759840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712285.3759840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111154302","display_name":"Shaokang Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0540-0959"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shaokang Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044386170","display_name":"Kelun Lei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8637-4182"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kelun Lei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100683033","display_name":"Xin You","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5163-4607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin You","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018705589","display_name":"Hailong Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1101-7927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hailong Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015151039","display_name":"Yufan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7787-6460"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, Cupertino, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, Cupertino, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074183877","display_name":"Zhongzhi Luan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7186-0556"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongzhi Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100330624","display_name":"Yi Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-2817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079362609","display_name":"Depei Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-1473"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Depei Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111154302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1983,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90028932,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"316","last_page":"330"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.6653000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.6653000116348267,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.06520000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10933","display_name":"Real-Time Systems Scheduling","score":0.039400000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-flow","display_name":"Control flow","score":0.6173999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-flow-analysis","display_name":"Data-flow analysis","score":0.6141999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.5842999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5710999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-analysis","display_name":"Static analysis","score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-flow-diagram","display_name":"Data flow diagram","score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spec#","display_name":"Spec#","score":0.39730000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-program-analysis","display_name":"Static program analysis","score":0.37880000472068787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7864999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160191386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868299","display_name":"Control flow","level":2,"score":0.6173999905586243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88468194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172416","display_name":"Data-flow analysis","level":3,"score":0.6141999959945679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.5842999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5710999965667725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97686452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7604153","display_name":"Static analysis","level":2,"score":0.4984999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C489000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747385","display_name":"Data flow diagram","level":2,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778565505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2207566","display_name":"Spec#","level":2,"score":0.39730000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3871000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137287247","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1329550","display_name":"Static program analysis","level":4,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27458966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187693","display_name":"Control flow graph","level":2,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98183937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2112188","display_name":"Program analysis","level":2,"score":0.3416999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.3310999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152124472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1204361","display_name":"Redundancy (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.31679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33762810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461671","display_name":"Data integrity","level":2,"score":0.3167000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99545648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897180","display_name":"Minimum-cost flow problem","level":3,"score":0.3050999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139571649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156793","display_name":"Program optimization","level":3,"score":0.30160000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29899999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988963302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629206","display_name":"Program code","level":2,"score":0.2921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2782000005245209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162319229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175263","display_name":"Data structure","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.25529998540878296}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3712285.3759840","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3712285.3759840","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2732425316","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JKF-20240598, JKF-2025012343648","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5121250256","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023YFB3001801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139273093","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62322201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W307918303","https://openalex.org/W1970195395","https://openalex.org/W2050464392","https://openalex.org/W2076090418","https://openalex.org/W2080592089","https://openalex.org/W2095565544","https://openalex.org/W2124153277","https://openalex.org/W2290349115","https://openalex.org/W2295178416","https://openalex.org/W2295303622","https://openalex.org/W2471737467","https://openalex.org/W2604269348","https://openalex.org/W2789114820","https://openalex.org/W2790216947","https://openalex.org/W2796645376","https://openalex.org/W2928156253","https://openalex.org/W2952416601","https://openalex.org/W2962717918","https://openalex.org/W2963274022","https://openalex.org/W2984359783","https://openalex.org/W2999496892","https://openalex.org/W3040989161","https://openalex.org/W3109527096","https://openalex.org/W3131227299","https://openalex.org/W3131917500","https://openalex.org/W3132046658","https://openalex.org/W3207095753","https://openalex.org/W4200525217","https://openalex.org/W4221095718","https://openalex.org/W4308083924","https://openalex.org/W4318541549","https://openalex.org/W4388662044","https://openalex.org/W4392265925","https://openalex.org/W4394998508"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Zero-value":[0],"propagation":[1],"is":[2,34],"a":[3,65,89,124],"common":[4],"phenomenon":[5],"in":[6],"modern":[7],"programs,":[8],"where":[9],"redundant":[10],"operations":[11],"caused":[12],"by":[13],"zero-values":[14,20,73],"can":[15],"severely":[16],"impact":[17],"performance.":[18],"Since":[19],"are":[21],"often":[22],"generated":[23],"dynamically":[24],"at":[25,74],"runtime,":[26],"eliminating":[27],"such":[28],"redundancies":[29,51],"through":[30],"static":[31,43],"analysis":[32,47],"alone":[33],"challenging.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37,58],"paper,":[38],"we":[39,60],"propose":[40],"an":[41],"efficient":[42],"control":[44],"data":[45],"flow":[46],"algorithm":[48],"to":[49,102],"identify":[50],"resulting":[52],"from":[53],"zero-value":[54,100],"propagation.":[55],"Based":[56],"on":[57,111],"algorithm,":[59],"design":[61],"and":[62,76,115],"implement":[63],"ZeroSpec,":[64,122],"fully":[66],"automated":[67],"profile-guided":[68],"code":[69],"optimizer":[70],"that":[71,93],"detects":[72],"runtime":[75],"specializes":[77],"fast":[78],"paths":[79],"for":[80],"them.":[81],"To":[82],"maximize":[83],"performance":[84,126],"gains,":[85],"ZeroSpec":[86],"also":[87],"employs":[88],"fine-grained":[90],"cost":[91],"model":[92],"evaluates":[94],"the":[95,104,119],"optimization":[96,108],"potential":[97],"of":[98,106,121,128],"individual":[99],"instructions":[101],"guide":[103],"construction":[105],"targeted":[107],"regions.":[109],"Evaluation":[110],"SPEC":[112],"CPU2017,":[113],"NPB":[114],"real-world":[116],"applications":[117],"demonstrates":[118],"effectiveness":[120],"achieving":[123],"maximum":[125],"speedup":[127],"1.31":[129],"\u00d7.":[130]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-11-12T00:00:00"}