{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410061293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997","title":"<i>Hug Reports</i> : Supporting Expression of Appreciation between Users and Contributors of Open Source Software Packages","display_name":"<i>Hug Reports</i> : Supporting Expression of Appreciation between Users and Contributors of Open Source Software Packages","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410061293","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3710997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017335423","display_name":"Pranav Khadpe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2106-4527"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pranav Khadpe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106247108","display_name":"Olivia Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivia Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001206045","display_name":"Geoff Kaufman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0123-3792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geoff Kaufman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078443228","display_name":"Chinmay Kulkarni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4922-6601"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I150468666","display_name":"Emory University","ror":"https://ror.org/03czfpz43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chinmay Kulkarni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I150468666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017335423"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.618,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85821678,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"1","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11675","display_name":"Open Source Software Innovations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9872000217437744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affordance","display_name":"Affordance","score":0.8747676610946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeling","display_name":"Feeling","score":0.6126969456672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5624572038650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5366290211677551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.5310341119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expression","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","score":0.48799625039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.46272554993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.45083677768707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.4472294747829437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.44575831294059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-review","display_name":"Code review","score":0.44533565640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-code","display_name":"Source code","score":0.444945365190506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.43010878562927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peer-production","display_name":"Peer production","score":0.42605292797088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.4178968071937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.30058416724205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-development","display_name":"Software development","score":0.24663293361663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-quality","display_name":"Software quality","score":0.10076701641082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.08207839727401733}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.8747676610946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122980154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205555","display_name":"Feeling","level":2,"score":0.6126969456672668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5624572038650513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5366290211677551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.5310341119766235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.48799625039100647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.46272554993629456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.45083677768707275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.4472294747829437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.44575831294059753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150292731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1342704","display_name":"Code review","level":5,"score":0.44533565640449524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.444945365190506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.43010878562927246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779507501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797769","display_name":"Peer production","level":2,"score":0.42605292797088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.4178968071937561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.30058416724205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.24663293361663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117447612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412670","display_name":"Software quality","level":4,"score":0.10076701641082764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08207839727401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3710997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3710997","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3710997","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210183893","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","issn_l":"2573-0142","issn":["2573-0142"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8443254852","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2222854","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2009321786","https://openalex.org/W2037710531","https://openalex.org/W2046690674","https://openalex.org/W2078831478","https://openalex.org/W2080140868","https://openalex.org/W2119031905","https://openalex.org/W2124100711","https://openalex.org/W2133443878","https://openalex.org/W2137092892","https://openalex.org/W2150634379","https://openalex.org/W2165094929","https://openalex.org/W2294130646","https://openalex.org/W2394834103","https://openalex.org/W2415464486","https://openalex.org/W2529182543","https://openalex.org/W2735173242","https://openalex.org/W2899029368","https://openalex.org/W2899036005","https://openalex.org/W2921458742","https://openalex.org/W2982798514","https://openalex.org/W3004248456","https://openalex.org/W3090115945","https://openalex.org/W3090256551","https://openalex.org/W3118950529","https://openalex.org/W3123293202","https://openalex.org/W3137149983","https://openalex.org/W3139109297","https://openalex.org/W3159563414","https://openalex.org/W3162016526","https://openalex.org/W3174439307","https://openalex.org/W3184420437","https://openalex.org/W3205330424","https://openalex.org/W3216062904","https://openalex.org/W4224979739","https://openalex.org/W4225683438","https://openalex.org/W4226091684","https://openalex.org/W4284672755","https://openalex.org/W4288080182","https://openalex.org/W4301266032","https://openalex.org/W4312413789","https://openalex.org/W4360991594","https://openalex.org/W4380988956","https://openalex.org/W4385889856","https://openalex.org/W4387344897","https://openalex.org/W4396833606","https://openalex.org/W4399095508","https://openalex.org/W6600237248"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2113128227","https://openalex.org/W2904997879","https://openalex.org/W2344367508","https://openalex.org/W2491403535","https://openalex.org/W1997548934","https://openalex.org/W2097696338","https://openalex.org/W2479811461","https://openalex.org/W2104915799","https://openalex.org/W4311938462","https://openalex.org/W2969773072"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Contributors":[0],"to":[1,42,66,91,102,114,153],"open":[2,177],"source":[3,178],"software":[4],"packages":[5,45],"often":[6],"describe":[7],"feeling":[8],"discouraged":[9],"by":[10,157],"the":[11,56,85,97,121,128],"lack":[12],"of":[13,44,64,70,96,109,139,145,161],"positive":[14],"feedback":[15],"from":[16],"users.":[17],"This":[18],"paper":[19],"describes":[20],"a":[21,29,81,137],"technology":[22],"probe,":[23],"Hug":[24],"Reports,":[25],"that":[26,111,131],"provides":[27],"users":[28,38,53,90,115,125],"communication":[30,82,147],"affordance":[31,83],"within":[32,84],"their":[33,158],"code":[34,86],"editors,":[35],"through":[36],"which":[37,124],"can":[39,106],"convey":[40],"appreciation":[41,65,93,110,132,154,174],"contributors":[43],"they":[46,99],"use.":[47],"In":[48],"our":[49],"field":[50],"study,":[51],"18":[52],"interacted":[54],"with":[55],"probe":[57],"for":[58,172,176],"3":[59],"weeks,":[60],"resulting":[61],"in":[62,73,94,123,179],"messages":[63],"550":[67],"contributors,":[68],"26":[69],"whom":[71],"participated":[72],"subsequent":[74],"research.":[75],"Our":[76],"findings":[77],"show":[78],"how":[79,150],"locating":[80],"editor,":[87],"and":[88,116,141,149,170,181],"allowing":[89],"express":[92],"terms":[95],"abstractions":[98],"are":[100,112],"exposed":[101],"(packages,":[103],"modules,":[104],"functions),":[105],"support":[107],"exchanges":[108],"meaningful":[113],"contributors.":[117],"Findings":[118],"also":[119],"revealed":[120],"moments":[122],"expressed":[126],"appreciation,":[127],"two":[129],"meanings":[130],"took":[133],"on":[134,164],"--":[135,148],"as":[136,142],"measure":[138],"utility":[140],"an":[143],"act":[144],"expressive":[146],"contributors'":[151],"reactions":[152],"were":[155],"influenced":[156],"perceived":[159],"level":[160],"contribution.":[162],"Based":[163],"these":[165],"findings,":[166],"we":[167],"discuss":[168],"opportunities":[169],"challenges":[171],"designing":[173],"systems":[175],"particular,":[180],"peer":[182],"production":[183],"communities":[184],"more":[185],"generally.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
