{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406221852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869","title":"QuickSub: Efficient Iso-Recursive Subtyping","display_name":"QuickSub: Efficient Iso-Recursive Subtyping","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406221852","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3704869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035172322","display_name":"Litao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-7085"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Litao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3046-7085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049714036","display_name":"Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-7210"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I889458895","display_name":"University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/02zhqgq86","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno C. d. S. Oliveira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-7210","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I889458895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2308,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94250056,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"POPL","first_page":"954","last_page":"985"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10126","display_name":"Logic, programming, and type systems","score":0.992900013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtyping","display_name":"Subtyping","score":0.9721164703369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6274018287658691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.5618664026260376}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83852419","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2713292","display_name":"Subtyping","level":2,"score":0.9721164703369141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6274018287658691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.5618664026260376}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3704869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3704869","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3704869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210216081","display_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","issn_l":"2475-1421","issn":["2475-1421"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W883650713","https://openalex.org/W1500123554","https://openalex.org/W1544633123","https://openalex.org/W1557561422","https://openalex.org/W1566393948","https://openalex.org/W1566576475","https://openalex.org/W1589260337","https://openalex.org/W1596636813","https://openalex.org/W1885197558","https://openalex.org/W1976571588","https://openalex.org/W1978692906","https://openalex.org/W1991069274","https://openalex.org/W2011010004","https://openalex.org/W2023127104","https://openalex.org/W2027657506","https://openalex.org/W2036961426","https://openalex.org/W2070880808","https://openalex.org/W2079958455","https://openalex.org/W2088962847","https://openalex.org/W2094516550","https://openalex.org/W2101254143","https://openalex.org/W2101921507","https://openalex.org/W2109703800","https://openalex.org/W2123727486","https://openalex.org/W2124126159","https://openalex.org/W2131770667","https://openalex.org/W2153297607","https://openalex.org/W2154005761","https://openalex.org/W2169196017","https://openalex.org/W2289066165","https://openalex.org/W2296293111","https://openalex.org/W2484298212","https://openalex.org/W2503601755","https://openalex.org/W2536396847","https://openalex.org/W2560908054","https://openalex.org/W2593125519","https://openalex.org/W3106544059","https://openalex.org/W3107309644","https://openalex.org/W3115599163","https://openalex.org/W4233881619","https://openalex.org/W4244488020","https://openalex.org/W4254626787","https://openalex.org/W4287832609","https://openalex.org/W4302984605","https://openalex.org/W4307731888","https://openalex.org/W4312991422","https://openalex.org/W4315606544","https://openalex.org/W4387667031","https://openalex.org/W4390603586","https://openalex.org/W4403223356","https://openalex.org/W6967597849","https://openalex.org/W6968034915"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2396009657","https://openalex.org/W2799110842","https://openalex.org/W3032826521","https://openalex.org/W2391332606","https://openalex.org/W4229853287","https://openalex.org/W1462775415","https://openalex.org/W2008549446"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"programming":[1],"languages":[2],"need":[3],"to":[4,61,120,148],"check":[5],"whether":[6],"two":[7,21],"recursive":[8,16,27,104,168],"types":[9,17,35],"are":[10,18,36],"in":[11,20,107,123,195],"a":[12,164],"subtyping":[13,33,47,153,169],"relation.":[14],"Traditionally":[15],"modelled":[19],"different":[22],"ways:":[23],"equi-":[24],"or":[25],"iso-":[26],"types.":[28],"While":[29],"efficient":[30,43,58],"algorithms":[31,44],"for":[32,39,45,64],"equi-recursive":[34,150],"well":[37],"studied":[38],"simple":[40,60,165],"type":[41,97,179],"systems,":[42],"iso-recursive":[46,65,76,152],"remain":[48],"understudied.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51,173],"paper":[52],"we":[53,175],"present":[54],"QuickSub":[55,67,84,127,141,185],":":[56],"an":[57,143],"and":[59,98,151,162,170,193],"implement":[62],"algorithm":[63,110,161],"subtyping.":[66],"has":[68],"the":[69,74,93,96,101,109,115,138,157,160,188,196],"same":[70],"expressive":[71],"power":[72],"as":[73],"well-known":[75],"Amber":[77],"rules.":[78],"The":[79],"worst":[80,116],"case":[81,117],"complexity":[82],"of":[83,95,103,140,159],"is":[85,92,100,111],"O":[86],"(":[87],"nm":[88],"),":[89],"where":[90],"m":[91],"size":[94],"n":[99],"number":[102],"binders.":[105],"However,":[106],"practice,":[108],"nearly":[112],"linear":[113],"with":[114,142,167],"being":[118],"hard":[119],"reach.":[121],"Consequently,":[122],"many":[124],"common":[125],"cases,":[126],"can":[128,181],"be":[129,182],"several":[130],"times":[131],"faster":[132],"than":[133],"alternative":[134],"algorithms.":[135,154],"We":[136,155],"validate":[137],"efficiency":[139],"empirical":[144],"evaluation":[145],"comparing":[146],"it":[147],"existing":[149],"prove":[156],"correctness":[158],"formalize":[163],"calculus":[166,174],"records.":[171],"For":[172],"also":[176],"show":[177],"how":[178],"soundness":[180],"proved":[183,194],"using":[184],".":[186],"All":[187],"results":[189],"have":[190],"been":[191],"formalized":[192],"Coq":[197],"proof":[198],"assistant.":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}