{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409265650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703790.3703818","title":"Dual-Approach Machine Learning for Robust Cyber-Attack Detection in Water Distribution System","display_name":"Dual-Approach Machine Learning for Robust Cyber-Attack Detection in Water Distribution System","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409265650","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703790.3703818"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703790.3703818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703790.3703818","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703790.3703818","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Internet of Things","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703790.3703818","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058941449","display_name":"Furqan Rustam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-1047"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Furqan Rustam","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8403-1047","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029108844","display_name":"M. Salauddin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-9236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Md Salauddin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5021-9236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014422223","display_name":"Mohd. Usman Saeed Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1638-7505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Usman Saeed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1638-7505","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Civil Engineering, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022546955","display_name":"Anca Delia Jurcut","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2705-1823"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100930933","display_name":"University College Dublin","ror":"https://ror.org/05m7pjf47","country_code":"IE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}],"countries":["IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anca Delia Jurcut","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2705-1823","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058941449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100930933"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9466,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77548982,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"248","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11220","display_name":"Water Systems and Optimization","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.7270161509513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6751990914344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5198860168457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-attack","display_name":"Cyber-attack","score":0.43257737159729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3668333888053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.3267049193382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.09290754795074463}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.7270161509513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6751990914344788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5198860168457031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201307755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4071928","display_name":"Cyber-attack","level":2,"score":0.43257737159729004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3668333888053894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3267049193382263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.09290754795074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703790.3703818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703790.3703818","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703790.3703818","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Internet of Things","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703790.3703818","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703790.3703818","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703790.3703818","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on the Internet of Things","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1394471","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHIST-ERA-22-SPiDDS-07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338463","funder_display_name":"CHIST-ERA"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7508541491","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CHIST-ERA-22-SPiDDS-07","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","funder_display_name":"Irish Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321056","display_name":"Irish Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/051xex213"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338463","display_name":"CHIST-ERA","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409265650.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4409265650.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125969323","https://openalex.org/W2069639922","https://openalex.org/W2116065935","https://openalex.org/W2901754334","https://openalex.org/W2908724951","https://openalex.org/W3095894966","https://openalex.org/W3118102518","https://openalex.org/W3122067297","https://openalex.org/W4210705881","https://openalex.org/W4283778239","https://openalex.org/W4321485428","https://openalex.org/W4322013180","https://openalex.org/W4378587122","https://openalex.org/W4389396084","https://openalex.org/W4391994382","https://openalex.org/W4393405346","https://openalex.org/W4400131985","https://openalex.org/W4400491228","https://openalex.org/W4402159181"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2358245908","https://openalex.org/W2974890647","https://openalex.org/W2921897907","https://openalex.org/W4242728933","https://openalex.org/W2493430149","https://openalex.org/W1604710049","https://openalex.org/W4385452087","https://openalex.org/W2485875719","https://openalex.org/W1994763079","https://openalex.org/W4304097726"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Water":[0],"Distribution":[1],"Systems":[2],"(WDSs)":[3],"are":[4,101],"vital":[5],"infrastructures":[6],"responsible":[7],"for":[8,75],"delivering":[9],"clean":[10],"and":[11,25,58,72,136],"safe":[12],"water":[13,45,49,95],"to":[14,33,97],"various":[15],"sectors.However,":[16],"advancements":[17],"in":[18,132,143,157],"WDSs":[19,52],"infrastructure,":[20],"such":[21,54],"as":[22],"automated":[23],"monitoring":[24],"control":[26],"systems,":[27],"have":[28],"made":[29],"these":[30],"systems":[31],"vulnerable":[32],"cyberattacks.These":[34],"attacks":[35],"can":[36],"manipulate":[37],"the":[38,79,112,120,133,144,147],"system,":[39],"causing":[40],"severe":[41],"disruptions":[42],"like":[43],"contaminating":[44],"supplies":[46],"or":[47],"disrupting":[48],"flow.To":[50],"protect":[51],"from":[53],"threats,":[55],"a":[56,66,82,91],"strong":[57],"reliable":[59],"detection":[60,77],"system":[61],"is":[62,89,107],"essential.This":[63],"study":[64],"proposes":[65],"novel":[67],"approach":[68],"that":[69],"combines":[70],"classification":[71,83,134],"regression":[73,92,145],"models":[74],"anomaly":[76,106],"using":[78],"BATADAL":[80],"dataset.Initially,":[81],"model":[84,93],"predicts":[85],"whether":[86],"an":[87,105,115,128,137],"attack":[88,116],"occurring.Subsequently,":[90],"evaluates":[94],"levels":[96],"determine":[98],"if":[99],"they":[100],"within":[102],"normal":[103],"ranges.If":[104],"detected":[108],"by":[109],"either":[110],"approach,":[111],"framework":[113,150],"raises":[114],"alert.In":[117],"this":[118],"framework,":[119],"Extra":[121],"Trees":[122],"Classifier":[123],"demonstrated":[124],"significant":[125,155],"performance,":[126],"achieving":[127,154],"accuracy":[129,156],"of":[130,141],"0.89":[131],"task":[135],"average":[138],"2":[139],"score":[140],"0.6658":[142],"task.Overall,":[146],"combined":[148],"proposed":[149],"delivered":[151],"impressive":[152],"results,":[153],"detecting":[158],"anomalies.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}