{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404022126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703158","title":"Question Embedding on Weighted Heterogeneous Information Network for Knowledge Tracing","display_name":"Question Embedding on Weighted Heterogeneous Information Network for Knowledge Tracing","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404022126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703158","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703158","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058426743","display_name":"Jianwen Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-1072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianwen Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0951-1072","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022828160","display_name":"Shangheng Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5792-631X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66867065","display_name":"East China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02n96ep67","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shangheng Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China and School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China","Shanghai Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University; School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5792-631X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China and School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Artificial Intelligence for Education, East China Normal University; School of Computer Science and Technology, East China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66867065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111535824","display_name":"Jianpeng Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianpeng Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4570-3298","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-Sen University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100776791","display_name":"X. Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3521-2837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3521-2837","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074111945","display_name":"Xiaoxuan Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-5821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxuan Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6663-5821","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031441866","display_name":"Ruxia Liang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8842-3079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40963666","display_name":"Central China Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/03x1jna21","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruxia Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8842-3079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China and Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center of Educational Big Data, Central China Normal University; Faculty of Artificial Intelligence in Education, Central China Normal University, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40963666"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2404,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65340706,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"19","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11902","display_name":"Intelligent Tutoring Systems and Adaptive Learning","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10906","display_name":"AI-based Problem Solving and Planning","score":0.9771999716758728,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracing","display_name":"Tracing","score":0.7586939334869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7170192003250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5524305105209351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.3567490577697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2800884246826172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.7586939334869385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7170192003250122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5524305105209351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.3567490577697754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2800884246826172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703158","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3703158","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3703158","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3703158","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S41523882","display_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","issn_l":"1556-4681","issn":["1556-4681","1556-472X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319798","host_organization_name":"Association for Computing Machinery","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319798"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Association for Computing Machinery"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2098586087","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCNU24AI016 and CCNU23XJ007","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7588630164","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62293554, 62107017, and 62207017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G906868157","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023T160256","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4404022126.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W103340358","https://openalex.org/W179128985","https://openalex.org/W650350307","https://openalex.org/W1863793842","https://openalex.org/W2015040676","https://openalex.org/W2041146801","https://openalex.org/W2075010670","https://openalex.org/W2526641011","https://openalex.org/W2559094423","https://openalex.org/W2603824136","https://openalex.org/W2605961645","https://openalex.org/W2608239929","https://openalex.org/W2743104969","https://openalex.org/W2775589622","https://openalex.org/W2890071599","https://openalex.org/W2912191380","https://openalex.org/W2947092077","https://openalex.org/W2951443432","https://openalex.org/W2955931418","https://openalex.org/W2962756421","https://openalex.org/W2963707260","https://openalex.org/W2964015378","https://openalex.org/W2980472839","https://openalex.org/W3024257429","https://openalex.org/W3043869244","https://openalex.org/W3082341085","https://openalex.org/W3096180801","https://openalex.org/W3153739498","https://openalex.org/W3193870461","https://openalex.org/W3196172667","https://openalex.org/W3200551854","https://openalex.org/W3210515266","https://openalex.org/W3212258001","https://openalex.org/W3217610966","https://openalex.org/W4205171160","https://openalex.org/W4205646925","https://openalex.org/W4221026130","https://openalex.org/W4229632044","https://openalex.org/W4295788921","https://openalex.org/W4297733535","https://openalex.org/W4301113013","https://openalex.org/W4307561542","https://openalex.org/W4309955466","https://openalex.org/W4317433458","https://openalex.org/W4317779194","https://openalex.org/W4328007265","https://openalex.org/W4367046738","https://openalex.org/W4383890464","https://openalex.org/W4388098997","https://openalex.org/W4388936723","https://openalex.org/W4390105690","https://openalex.org/W4393992786","https://openalex.org/W4394585879","https://openalex.org/W4396758684","https://openalex.org/W4398778067","https://openalex.org/W4399838137","https://openalex.org/W6778556382","https://openalex.org/W6862105536"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2081900870","https://openalex.org/W2888673113","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W4391913857","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4396701345","https://openalex.org/W2932872266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Knowledge":[0],"Tracing":[1],"(KT)":[2],"aims":[3],"to":[4,33,146,183,210],"predict":[5],"students\u2019":[6],"future":[7],"performance":[8,76],"on":[9,13,77,164,192],"answering":[10],"questions":[11],"based":[12],"their":[14],"historical":[15],"exercise":[16],"sequences.":[17],"To":[18,87,117,152],"alleviate":[19],"the":[20,39,91,106,148,158,165,167,176,199,216],"problem":[21,217],"of":[22,41,58,108,150,218],"data":[23,219],"sparsity":[24],"in":[25,38,49,214],"KT,":[26],"recent":[27],"works":[28],"have":[29],"introduced":[30],"auxiliary":[31,59,177],"information":[32,63],"mine":[34],"question":[35,42,115,120,133,186,204],"similarity,":[36],"resulting":[37],"enhancement":[40],"embeddings.":[43],"Nonetheless,":[44],"there":[45],"remains":[46],"a":[47,74,78],"gap":[48],"developing":[50],"an":[51],"approach":[52],"that":[53,196],"effectively":[54],"incorporates":[55],"various":[56,127],"forms":[57],"information,":[60],"including":[61],"relational":[62],"(e.g.,":[64,71,83],"question\u2013student":[65],",":[66],"question\u2013skill":[67],"relation),":[68],"relationship":[69,159],"attributes":[70,82,160,163],"correctness":[72],"indicating":[73],"student's":[75],"question),":[79],"and":[80,110,161],"node":[81,162,178],"student":[84],"ability":[85],").":[86],"tackle":[88],"this":[89],"challenge,":[90],"Similarity-enhanced":[92],"Question":[93],"Embedding":[94],"(SimQE)":[95],"method":[96,180],"for":[97,113,131],"KT":[98],"is":[99,172,181],"proposed,":[100],"with":[101],"its":[102],"central":[103],"feature":[104],"being":[105],"utilization":[107],"weighted":[109],"attributed":[111],"meta-paths":[112,128],"extracting":[114],"similarity.":[116,187],"capture":[118,153,184],"multi-dimensional":[119],"similarity":[121,141,155],"semantics":[122],"by":[123,156],"integrating":[124],"multiple":[125],"relations,":[126],"are":[129,143],"constructed":[130],"learning":[132],"embeddings":[134],"separately.":[135],"These":[136],"embeddings,":[137],"each":[138],"encoding":[139],"different":[140],"semantics,":[142],"then":[144],"fused":[145],"serve":[147],"task":[149],"KT.":[151],"finer-grained":[154],"leveraging":[157],"meta-paths,":[166],"biased":[168],"random":[169],"walk":[170],"algorithm":[171],"designed.":[173],"In":[174],"addition,":[175],"generation":[179],"proposed":[182],"high-order":[185],"Finally,":[188],"extensive":[189],"experiments":[190],"conducted":[191],"six":[193],"datasets":[194],"demonstrate":[195],"SimQE":[197,208],"performs":[198],"best":[200],"among":[201],"10":[202],"representative":[203],"embedding":[205],"methods.":[206],"Furthermore,":[207],"proves":[209],"be":[211],"more":[212],"effective":[213],"alleviating":[215],"sparsity.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-28T07:46:37.118299","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
