{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410636646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715495","title":"A Self-Supervised Adaptive Tuning Approach for Out-of-Distribution Social Media Bot Detection","display_name":"A Self-Supervised Adaptive Tuning Approach for Out-of-Distribution Social Media Bot Detection","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410636646","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715495"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715495","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3701716.3715495","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3701716.3715495","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101667486","display_name":"Yuxuan Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9453-7082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yuxuan Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9453-7082","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024206808","display_name":"Qiudan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-4562"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiudan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8714-4562","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047523245","display_name":"Shu Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-3577"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210094879","display_name":"Shandong Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/00qdtba35","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I4210142748"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shu Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2164-3577","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210094879","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100835973","display_name":"Zheng Hua Xie","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087772","display_name":"National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team/Coordination Center of Chinar","ror":"https://ror.org/00247dh76","country_code":"CN","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["The National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team /Coordination Center of China(CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9333-2025","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The National Computer Network Emergency Response Technical Team /Coordination Center of China(CNCERT/CC), Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087772"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038521974","display_name":"Daniel Zeng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-222X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112150","display_name":"Institute of Automation","ror":"https://ror.org/022c3hy66","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210112150"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Dajun Zeng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9046-222X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101667486"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112150","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9051,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90289976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1312","last_page":"1315"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11147","display_name":"Misinformation and Its Impacts","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6818680763244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media","display_name":"Social media","score":0.5982457399368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.448516845703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.32438358664512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11026418209075928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6818680763244629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.5982457399368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.448516845703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.32438358664512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11026418209075928}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715495","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3701716.3715495","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715495","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715495","pdf_url":"https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/3701716.3715495","source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1966413184","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72293575","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4127089600","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62141608","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7044179388","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071467","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410636646.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4410636646.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3012871709","https://openalex.org/W3156636935","https://openalex.org/W3167972416","https://openalex.org/W3175498457","https://openalex.org/W4210926110","https://openalex.org/W4213147383","https://openalex.org/W4289639938","https://openalex.org/W4401024606"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2961085424","https://openalex.org/W4306674287","https://openalex.org/W4387369504","https://openalex.org/W4394896187","https://openalex.org/W3170094116","https://openalex.org/W4386462264","https://openalex.org/W3107602296","https://openalex.org/W4364306694","https://openalex.org/W4312192474"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,49,63,93,115,118],"rapid":[2],"advancement":[3],"of":[4,95,117],"generative":[5],"AI":[6],"and":[7,25,58,100],"deepfake":[8],"technologies,":[9],"social":[10],"media":[11],"bots":[12,23],"have":[13],"become":[14],"increasingly":[15],"sophisticated,":[16],"engaging":[17],"in":[18],"spreading":[19],"misinformation.":[20],"Detecting":[21],"these":[22],"early":[24],"effectively":[26],"is":[27],"critical":[28],"for":[29],"enhancing":[30],"users'":[31],"online":[32],"experience.":[33],"Existing":[34],"approaches":[35],"primarily":[36],"rely":[37],"on":[38,109],"fixed":[39],"model":[40,90],"parameters":[41],"obtained":[42],"during":[43],"training,":[44],"which":[45],"often":[46],"struggle":[47],"with":[48],"Out-of-Distribution":[50],"(OOD)":[51],"problem":[52],"caused":[53],"by":[54],"discrepancies":[55],"between":[56],"training":[57],"test":[59],"data.":[60],"To":[61],"overcome":[62],"above":[64],"challenges,":[65],"this":[66,86],"paper":[67],"introduces":[68],"a":[69,77],"novel":[70],"adaptive":[71],"feature":[72,98],"tuning":[73],"approach":[74,87],"that":[75],"incorporates":[76],"test-time":[78],"fine-tuning":[79],"mechanism.":[80],"By":[81],"leveraging":[82],"self-supervised":[83],"contrastive":[84],"learning,":[85],"dynamically":[88],"adjusts":[89],"parameters,":[91],"enabling":[92],"extraction":[94],"more":[96],"robust":[97],"representations":[99],"better":[101],"adaptation":[102],"to":[103],"unseen":[104],"data":[105],"distributions.":[106],"Extensive":[107],"experiments":[108],"commonly":[110],"used":[111],"baseline":[112],"models":[113],"demonstrate":[114],"effectiveness":[116],"proposed":[119],"method.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
