{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4410636386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225","title":"Flow-of-Action: SOP Enhanced LLM-Based Multi-Agent System for Root Cause Analysis","display_name":"Flow-of-Action: SOP Enhanced LLM-Based Multi-Agent System for Root Cause Analysis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4410636386","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073273454","display_name":"Changhua Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9288-4787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhua Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9288-4787","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024505334","display_name":"Zexin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8534-4909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zexin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, and ByteDance, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8534-4909","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, and ByteDance, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049591643","display_name":"Fengrui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7578-0492"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengrui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7578-0492","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085631655","display_name":"Zeyan Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-5879"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeyan Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-5879","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1178-5506"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1178-5506","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101661867","display_name":"Xiao He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-2157"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao He","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, Hangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-2157","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057734315","display_name":"Rong Kang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8449-0223"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Kang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-8449-0223","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101487889","display_name":"Tieying Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2250-5528"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tieying Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, San Jose, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-2250-5528","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, San Jose, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100410508","display_name":"Jianjun Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-892X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["ByteDance, San Jose, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3734-892X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ByteDance, San Jose, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100372619","display_name":"Jianhui Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6253-9808"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhui Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6253-9808","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030689390","display_name":"Gaogang Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4964-1135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210108629","display_name":"Computer Network Information Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01s0wyf50","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210108629"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaogang Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4964-1135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210108629","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046419834","display_name":"Dan Pei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan Pei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5113-838X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4323,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94476303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"422","last_page":"431"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12423","display_name":"Software Reliability and Analysis Research","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cause-analysis","display_name":"Root cause analysis","score":0.6643355488777161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.603299081325531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flow","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","score":0.5439860224723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.5161870121955872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-cause","display_name":"Root cause","score":0.4851027727127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","score":0.47736668586730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1663331389427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanics","display_name":"Mechanics","score":0.15924203395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-engineering","display_name":"Reliability engineering","score":0.10385656356811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10217046737670898}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130963320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1401207","display_name":"Root cause analysis","level":2,"score":0.6643355488777161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.603299081325531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5439860224723816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5161870121955872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84945661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7366567","display_name":"Root cause","level":2,"score":0.4851027727127075},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171078966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111029","display_name":"Root (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.47736668586730957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1663331389427185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.15924203395843506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.10385656356811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10217046737670898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3701716.3715225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3701716.3715225","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Companion Proceedings of the ACM on Web Conference 2025","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1414549612","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"241711KYSB20200023","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8883322100","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62202445","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","funder_display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323817","display_name":"Universitas Brawijaya","ror":"https://ror.org/01wk3d929"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2785362611","https://openalex.org/W2955925687","https://openalex.org/W2990138404","https://openalex.org/W2999561215","https://openalex.org/W3049598060","https://openalex.org/W3098957257","https://openalex.org/W3100178186","https://openalex.org/W3105560660","https://openalex.org/W3155331679","https://openalex.org/W4286588841","https://openalex.org/W4322811257","https://openalex.org/W4367046961","https://openalex.org/W4386378095","https://openalex.org/W4389158453","https://openalex.org/W4389209173","https://openalex.org/W4391661647","https://openalex.org/W4393158607","https://openalex.org/W4394946189","https://openalex.org/W4396757495","https://openalex.org/W4396757510","https://openalex.org/W4396758707","https://openalex.org/W4400484740","https://openalex.org/W4401352024","https://openalex.org/W4404782032","https://openalex.org/W6600553734","https://openalex.org/W6600688380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030594396","https://openalex.org/W2535098331","https://openalex.org/W2202104725","https://openalex.org/W4255366506","https://openalex.org/W2056250485","https://openalex.org/W4280640835","https://openalex.org/W2885334669","https://openalex.org/W2111856191","https://openalex.org/W4230518569","https://openalex.org/W4295855176"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,6,12,38,57,64,86,92,96,121,135,139,144,195,211,219,224,228,235,246],"realm":[2],"of":[3,8,14,91,124,149,164,198],"microservices":[4],"architecture,":[5],"occurrence":[7],"frequent":[9],"incidents":[10,180],"necessitates":[11],"employment":[13],"Root":[15],"Cause":[16],"Analysis":[17],"(RCA)":[18],"for":[19,54,69,168,172,175,179,187,249],"swift":[20],"issue":[21],"resolution.":[22],"It":[23],"is":[24],"common":[25],"that":[26],"a":[27,42,108,162,185],"serious":[28],"incident":[29,93],"can":[30,94,231],"take":[31],"several":[32],"domain":[33],"experts":[34],"hours":[35],"to":[36,77,209,234],"identify":[37],"root":[39],"cause.":[40],"Consequently,":[41],"contemporary":[43],"trend":[44],"involves":[45],"harnessing":[46],"Large":[47],"Language":[48],"Models":[49],"(LLMs)":[50],"as":[51],"automated":[52],"agents":[53,208],"RCA.":[55],"Though":[56],"recent":[58],"ReAct":[59,199,236],"framework":[60,155],"aligns":[61],"well":[62],"with":[63],"Site":[65],"Reliability":[66],"Engineers":[67],"(SREs)":[68],"its":[70,73],"thought-action-observation":[71],"paradigm,":[72],"hallucinations":[74],"often":[75],"lead":[76],"irrelevant":[78],"actions":[79],"and":[80,88,146,184,222],"directly":[81],"affect":[82],"subsequent":[83],"results.":[84],"Additionally,":[85],"complex":[87],"variable":[89],"clues":[90],"overwhelm":[95],"model":[97],"one":[98,167],"step":[99],"further.":[100],"To":[101,142],"confront":[102],"these":[103],"challenges,":[104],"we":[105,151],"propose":[106],"Flow-of-Action,":[107],"pioneering":[109],"Standard":[110],"Operation":[111],"Procedure":[112],"(SOP)":[113],"enhanced":[114],"LLM-based":[115],"multi-agent":[116],"system.":[117],"By":[118],"explicitly":[119],"summarizing":[120],"diagnosis":[122],"steps":[123],"SREs,":[125],"SOP":[126,157,159],"imposes":[127],"constraints":[128],"on":[129],"LLMs":[130],"at":[131],"crucial":[132],"junctures,":[133],"guiding":[134],"RCA":[136,201,229,250],"process":[137],"towards":[138],"correct":[140],"trajectory.":[141],"facilitate":[143],"rational":[145],"effective":[147],"utilization":[148],"SOPs,":[150],"design":[152,205],"an":[153],"SOP-centric":[154],"called":[156],"flow.":[158],"flow":[160],"contains":[161],"series":[163],"tools,":[165],"including":[166],"finding":[169],"relevant":[170,182],"SOPs":[171,178,189],"incidents,":[173],"another":[174],"automatically":[176],"generating":[177],"without":[181],"ones,":[183],"tool":[186],"converting":[188],"into":[190],"code.":[191],"This":[192],"significantly":[193],"alleviates":[194],"hallucination":[196],"issues":[197],"in":[200,251],"tasks.":[202],"We":[203],"also":[204],"multiple":[206],"auxiliary":[207],"assist":[210],"main":[212,225],"agent":[213,226],"by":[214],"removing":[215],"useless":[216],"noise,":[217],"narrowing":[218],"search":[220],"space,":[221],"informing":[223],"whether":[227],"procedure":[230],"stop.":[232],"Compared":[233],"method's":[237],"35.50%":[238],"accuracy,":[239],"our":[240],"Flow-of-Action":[241],"method":[242],"achieves":[243],"64.01%,":[244],"meeting":[245],"accuracy":[247],"requirements":[248],"real-world":[252],"systems.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
