{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4404510529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096","title":"Microcosm: A Scalable Transaction Processing Scheme for Modular Blockchain (Industry Track)","display_name":"Microcosm: A Scalable Transaction Processing Scheme for Modular Blockchain (Industry Track)","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4404510529","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3700824.3701096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th International Middleware Conference Industrial Track on ZZZ","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096","any_repository_has_fulltext":null},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034823494","display_name":"Mansub Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2320-6402"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mansub Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2320-6402","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hyojin Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4214-187X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyojin Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["LG Electronics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4214-187X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LG Electronics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114704058","display_name":"Nadine Ben Amar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nadine Ben Amar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9339-1087","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063169084","display_name":"Yunhyeong Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5349-1135"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunhyeong Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5349-1135","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076633496","display_name":"Yongseok Son","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4512-0121"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67900169","display_name":"Chung-Ang University","ror":"https://ror.org/01r024a98","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongseok Son","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4512-0121","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chung-Ang University Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67900169"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055059863","display_name":"Hyeonsang Eom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-6767"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","display_name":"Seoul National University","ror":"https://ror.org/04h9pn542","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hyeonsang Eom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1902-6767","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"22","last_page":"28"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10270","display_name":"Blockchain Technology Applications and Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10772","display_name":"Distributed systems and fault tolerance","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blockchain","display_name":"Blockchain","score":0.956791341304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-design","display_name":"Modular design","score":0.8389421701431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.8243227005004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microcosm","display_name":"Microcosm","score":0.7237542867660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6754709482192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5745630860328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-transaction","display_name":"Database transaction","score":0.5350165963172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/track","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","score":0.4928708076477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transaction-processing","display_name":"Transaction processing","score":0.4672868847846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4091947376728058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.3282738924026489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32008135318756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.19948840141296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.18171003460884094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.06412523984909058}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779687700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20514253","display_name":"Blockchain","level":2,"score":0.956791341304779},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101468663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620158","display_name":"Modular design","level":2,"score":0.8389421701431274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.8243227005004883},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7012322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6839395","display_name":"Microcosm","level":2,"score":0.7237542867660522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6754709482192993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5745630860328674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75949130","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848010","display_name":"Database transaction","level":2,"score":0.5350165963172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89992363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5961558","display_name":"Track (disk drive)","level":2,"score":0.4928708076477051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72108876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844565","display_name":"Transaction processing","level":3,"score":0.4672868847846985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4091947376728058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.3282738924026489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32008135318756104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.19948840141296387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18171003460884094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.06412523984909058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1145/3700824.3701096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th International Middleware Conference Industrial Track on ZZZ","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1145/3700824.3701096","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3700824.3701096","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the 25th International Middleware Conference Industrial Track on ZZZ","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3151748982","https://openalex.org/W3198515637","https://openalex.org/W3207693132","https://openalex.org/W4313173675","https://openalex.org/W4385688888","https://openalex.org/W4388857414","https://openalex.org/W4398198726","https://openalex.org/W4405350940"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2363110500","https://openalex.org/W2371295991","https://openalex.org/W2385369652","https://openalex.org/W2143226912","https://openalex.org/W2158759608","https://openalex.org/W2403667029","https://openalex.org/W2387697730","https://openalex.org/W2162723797","https://openalex.org/W2349862564","https://openalex.org/W4250256557"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Application-specific":[0],"blockchains":[1,7,17,38],"are":[2],"gaining":[3],"popularity":[4],"over":[5,47],"general-purpose":[6,48],"which":[8],"require":[9],"multiple":[10],"services":[11],"to":[12,26,57,77,91,138],"share":[13],"network":[14],"resources.":[15],"These":[16],"adopt":[18],"a":[19,133,145],"modular":[20,37,83,160],"architecture":[21],"that":[22,130],"allocates":[23],"specific":[24],"tasks":[25],"distinct":[27],"layers,":[28],"optimizing":[29],"each":[30],"layer":[31],"for":[32],"its":[33],"designated":[34],"role.":[35],"While":[36],"offer":[39],"advantages,":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42,154],"enhanced":[43],"performance":[44,54,80,134],"and":[45,112,123,125,141,151],"flexibility,":[46],"blockchains,":[49,161],"they":[50],"may":[51],"exhibit":[52],"low":[53],"when":[55],"attempting":[56],"achieve":[58],"fast":[59],"block":[60,104],"finality.":[61],"To":[62],"address":[63],"these":[64],"issues,":[65],"in":[66,115],"this":[67],"paper,":[68],"we":[69,86,99],"propose":[70,87],"an":[71],"efficient":[72],"transaction":[73,109],"processing":[74,113],"scheme,":[75],"Microcosm,":[76],"enhance":[78,100],"the":[79,82,101,108,157],"of":[81,95,103,148,156],"blockchain.":[84],"Firstly,":[85],"fine-grained":[88],"locking":[89],"mechanisms":[90],"enable":[92],"concurrent":[93],"verification":[94,110],"unconfirmed":[96],"transactions.":[97],"Secondly,":[98],"efficiency":[102],"execution":[105],"by":[106,136],"separating":[107],"procedures":[111],"them":[114],"parallel.":[116],"We":[117],"implement":[118],"Microcosm":[119,131],"based":[120],"on":[121],"Tendermint":[122],"Cosmos-SDK,":[124],"our":[126],"experimental":[127],"results":[128],"demonstrate":[129],"provides":[132],"improvement":[135],"up":[137],"2.3\u00d7,":[139],"1.7\u00d7,":[140],"1.9\u00d7":[142],"compared":[143],"with":[144],"vanilla":[146],"version":[147],"Cosmos,":[149],"Osmosis,":[150],"Celestia":[152],"known":[153],"some":[155],"most":[158],"popular":[159],"respectively.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
